Quantum Mechanics | 02- Bose-Einstein Statistics for Black body radiation | Zaman Quantum
🌙The Physical Basis of Quantum Mechanical Theory:
🖋🖊🖋 Quantum Mechanics
👉 At the present stage of human knowledge, quantum mechanics can be regarded as the fundamental theory of atomic phenomena. The experimental data on which it is based are derived from physical events that lie almost entirely beyond the range of direct human perception. It is not surprising, therefore, that the theory embodies physical concepts that are foreign to common daily experience. These concepts did not appear in the historical development of quantum mechanics, however, until a quite complete mathematical formalism had been evolved. The need for quantitative comparison with observation, which is the ultimate test of any physical theory, in this case led first to the formalism and only later to its interpretation in physical terms.
🌙 QUANTUM MECHANICAL THEORY
👉 Quantum theory, then discuss the newer physical concepts of uncertainty and complementarity, and finally lay the groundwork for the formalism that will be developed in its most familiar form. No attempt will be made to deduce the structure of the formalism from the funda- mental experiments; we shall try to make the theoretical development seem plausible rather than unique. The justification for the theory, then, will rest on the agreement between deductions made from it and experiments, and on the simplicity (in principle more than in practice) and consistency of the formalism.
🖋🖊🖋 Following fields will be covered in this series:-
👉 Black body radiation; Planck’s radiation law: Photoelectric effect; Compton Effect. de-Broglie’s matter wave; The concept of wave packets and group velocities, Heisenberg’s uncertainty relation for p and x; Its extension to energy and time; Applications of uncertainty principle.
👉 Schrodinger’s wave equation (Time independent form); linearity and superposition; Expectation values; operators; Particle in a box; Finite potential well; Tunnel effect. Schrodinger equation for Hydrogen atom; Separation of variables; Quantum numbers (n, l, m); Space Quantization; Electron probability density.
👉 Electron spin; Stern-Gerlach experiment; Pauli’s exclusion principle; Symmetric and anti-symmetric wave functions; Atomic structures (shells and sub-shells); Spin-orbit coupling: Total angular momentum J, L-S coupling; j-j coupling; Normal and anomalous Zeeman Effect; Lande g-factor.
👉Quantization of rotational energies; Rotational energy levels; Pure rotational spectra, Vibrational energy levels, pure vibrational spectra; Rotation-Vibration spectra of diatomic molecules.
👉Nuclear composition; Nuclear properties (size, spin, magnetic moment), Stable Nuclei (Nuclear decay, Binding energy), Liquid drop model, Meson theory of nuclear forces.Theory of Alpha decay (Tunneling effect), beta-decay, gamma-decay, Nuclear Reactions; Cross Section, Nuclear fusion; Nuclear fusion in Stars, Fusion reactor.
👉Interaction and particles; Classification; Leptons and hadrons, Elementary particle quantum numbers; Baryon, lepton and strangeness numbers; Quarks; colour, flavour, Quark confinement.
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