A new public opinion survey conducted by the Center for Public Opinion Research (CVVM) highlights strong support among Czechs for abortion and euthanasia, while attitudes toward prostitution remain more divided.
The survey, which included responses from 1,712 adults in May and June of this year, explored some of the country’s most debated social issues, reflecting how cultural, religious, and demographic factors shape public views. Experts say these results provide insight into shifting social attitudes in Czechia.
According to the findings, the vast majority of respondents believe that women should have full autonomy over the decision to terminate a pregnancy. Euthanasia also receives substantial support, particularly among younger adults, though older generations remain more cautious. Opinions on prostitution, meanwhile, show notable differences based on age, gender, and education.
Widespread support for abortion rights
The survey indicates overwhelming public support for abortion. Eighty-four percent of respondents believe women should have complete authority to decide whether to terminate a pregnancy, while about 10 percent think abortion should be allowed only under certain health or social conditions. Just 1 percent favor a complete ban.
Women are statistically more likely than men to support full reproductive autonomy, and religious affiliation plays a significant role. Respondents identifying as Roman Catholic were less supportive of unrestricted abortion rights compared with those without religious affiliation.
Support for abortion rights also correlates with broader liberal social attitudes. The survey found that individuals who favor reproductive autonomy tend to be more supportive of euthanasia and other progressive social policies.
Strong backing for euthanasia
Euthanasia also receives notable approval among the Czech public. According to the survey, 41 percent of respondents “strongly support” legalizing euthanasia, while another 40 percent “somewhat support” it. Opposition is concentrated among older adults, particularly those aged 65 and above, while those aged 30–39 express the highest levels of support.
Demographic factors also influence opinions. Respondents who favor abortion rights are more likely to support euthanasia, highlighting a link between liberal social attitudes and personal autonomy on end-of-life decisions.
The survey also indicates that personal experience with serious illness or caregiving may shape opinions on euthanasia. While public debates often focus on ethical and religious considerations, respondents with close exposure to end-of-life situations showed a higher tendency to support legalizing assisted dying.
Divided views on prostitution
Attitudes toward prostitution are more fragmented. Two-fifths of respondents believe prostitution does not require legal regulation beyond existing criminal laws, while more than one-third support legalizing prostitution and regulating it as a business.
Gender, age, and education levels significantly affect views. Younger respondents and those with lower levels of formal education are more inclined toward restrictive approaches, whereas older and more educated respondents generally oppose legal bans.
Men are considerably less likely than women to support a ban. About 16 percent of Czech women feel that receiving payment in exchange for sexual services should be prohibited, while this falls to 6 percent among men.
Public attitudes appear to be shaped not only by moral considerations but also by concerns about crime and social welfare. Supporters of legalization often argue that regulation can improve safety and health standards for sex workers, while opponents cite potential exploitation and social harm.
Full results of the CVVM poll on abortion, euthanasia, and prostitution in the Czech Republic can be found here.