Sep 3, 2025

French ECB policymaker Francois Villeroy de Galhau stated on Wednesday that central bank independence is a prerequisite for low interest rates, as reported by Reuters. His comments align with a growing defense of the Federal Reserve against pressure from the White House, where President Donald Trump has publicly discussed firing Chair Jerome Powell and attempted to dismiss Fed Governor Lisa Cook last month to influence rate cuts.

Villeroy, who also serves as the governor of the French central bank, emphasized that independence from political influence allows a central bank to control long-term inflation and anchor the inflation expectations of households and businesses. This perspective was echoed by other major central bank leaders. ECB President Christine Lagarde warned that the global economy would face repercussions if the Fed’s independence were compromised, given the outsized influence of the U.S. economy. Similarly, Bank of England Governor Andrew Bailey expressed being “very concerned” about the threats to the Fed’s autonomy, labeling it a serious issue.

According to data from the IndexBox platform, the stability of monetary policy is a critical factor for global market forecasts, and political interference is seen as a significant risk to economic predictability.

Source: IndexBox Market Intelligence Platform

1. INTRODUCTION

Making Data-Driven Decisions to Grow Your Business

REPORT DESCRIPTION
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND THE AI PLATFORM
DATA-DRIVEN DECISIONS FOR YOUR BUSINESS
GLOSSARY AND SPECIFIC TERMS

2. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

A Quick Overview of Market Performance

KEY FINDINGS
MARKET TRENDS This Chapter is Available Only for the Professional EditionPRO

3. MARKET OVERVIEW

Understanding the Current State of The Market and its Prospects

MARKET SIZE: HISTORICAL DATA (2012–2024) AND FORECAST (2025–2035)
CONSUMPTION BY COUNTRY: HISTORICAL DATA (2012–2024) AND FORECAST (2025–2035)
MARKET FORECAST TO 2035

4. MOST PROMISING PRODUCTS FOR DIVERSIFICATION

Finding New Products to Diversify Your Business

TOP PRODUCTS TO DIVERSIFY YOUR BUSINESS
BEST-SELLING PRODUCTS
MOST CONSUMED PRODUCTS
MOST TRADED PRODUCTS
MOST PROFITABLE PRODUCTS FOR EXPORT

5. MOST PROMISING SUPPLYING COUNTRIES

Choosing the Best Countries to Establish Your Sustainable Supply Chain

TOP COUNTRIES TO SOURCE YOUR PRODUCT
TOP PRODUCING COUNTRIES
TOP EXPORTING COUNTRIES
LOW-COST EXPORTING COUNTRIES

6. MOST PROMISING OVERSEAS MARKETS

Choosing the Best Countries to Boost Your Export

TOP OVERSEAS MARKETS FOR EXPORTING YOUR PRODUCT
TOP CONSUMING MARKETS
UNSATURATED MARKETS
TOP IMPORTING MARKETS
MOST PROFITABLE MARKETS

7. PRODUCTION

The Latest Trends and Insights into The Industry

PRODUCTION VOLUME AND VALUE: HISTORICAL DATA (2012–2024) AND FORECAST (2025–2035)
PRODUCTION BY COUNTRY: HISTORICAL DATA (2012–2024) AND FORECAST (2025–2035)

8. IMPORTS

The Largest Import Supplying Countries

IMPORTS: HISTORICAL DATA (2012–2024) AND FORECAST (2025–2035)
IMPORTS BY COUNTRY: HISTORICAL DATA (2012–2024) AND FORECAST (2025–2035)
IMPORT PRICES BY COUNTRY: HISTORICAL DATA (2012–2024) AND FORECAST (2025–2035)

9. EXPORTS

The Largest Destinations for Exports

EXPORTS: HISTORICAL DATA (2012–2024) AND FORECAST (2025–2035)
EXPORTS BY COUNTRY: HISTORICAL DATA (2012–2024) AND FORECAST (2025–2035)
EXPORT PRICES BY COUNTRY: HISTORICAL DATA (2012–2024) AND FORECAST (2025–2035)

10. PROFILES OF MAJOR PRODUCERS

The Largest Producers on The Market and Their Profiles


11. COUNTRY PROFILES

The Largest Markets And Their Profiles


This Chapter is Available Only for the Professional Edition
PRO

United States
China
Japan
Germany
United Kingdom
France
Brazil
Italy
Russian Federation
India
Canada
Australia
Republic of Korea
Spain
Mexico
Indonesia
Netherlands
Turkey
Saudi Arabia
Switzerland
Sweden
Nigeria
Poland
Belgium
Argentina
Norway
Austria
Thailand
United Arab Emirates
Colombia
Denmark
South Africa
Malaysia
Israel
Singapore
Egypt
Philippines
Finland
Chile
Ireland
Pakistan
Greece
Portugal
Kazakhstan
Algeria
Czech Republic
Qatar
Peru
Romania
Vietnam
LIST OF TABLES

Key Findings In 2024
Market Volume, In Physical Terms: Historical Data (2012–2024) and Forecast (2025–2035)
Market Value: Historical Data (2012–2024) and Forecast (2025–2035)
Per Capita Consumption, by Country, 2022–2024
Production, In Physical Terms, By Country: Historical Data (2012–2024) and Forecast (2025–2035)
Imports, In Physical Terms, By Country: Historical Data (2012–2024) and Forecast (2025–2035)
Imports, In Value Terms, By Country: Historical Data (2012–2024) and Forecast (2025–2035)
Import Prices, By Country: Historical Data (2012–2024) and Forecast (2025–2035)
Exports, In Physical Terms, By Country: Historical Data (2012–2024) and Forecast (2025–2035)
Exports, In Value Terms, By Country: Historical Data (2012–2024) and Forecast (2025–2035)
Export Prices, By Country: Historical Data (2012–2024) and Forecast (2025–2035)

LIST OF FIGURES

Market Volume, In Physical Terms: Historical Data (2012–2024) and Forecast (2025–2035)
Market Value: Historical Data (2012–2024) and Forecast (2025–2035)
Consumption, by Country, 2024
Market Volume Forecast to 2035
Market Value Forecast to 2035
Market Size and Growth, By Product
Average Per Capita Consumption, By Product
Exports and Growth, By Product
Export Prices and Growth, By Product
Production Volume and Growth
Exports and Growth
Export Prices and Growth
Market Size and Growth
Per Capita Consumption
Imports and Growth
Import Prices
Production, In Physical Terms: Historical Data (2012–2024) and Forecast (2025–2035)
Production, In Value Terms: Historical Data (2012–2024) and Forecast (2025–2035)
Production, by Country, 2024
Production, In Physical Terms, by Country: Historical Data (2012–2024) and Forecast (2025–2035)
Imports, In Physical Terms: Historical Data (2012–2024) and Forecast (2025–2035)
Imports, In Value Terms: Historical Data (2012–2024) and Forecast (2025–2035)
Imports, In Physical Terms, By Country, 2024
Imports, In Physical Terms, By Country: Historical Data (2012–2024) and Forecast (2025–2035)
Imports, In Value Terms, By Country: Historical Data (2012–2024) and Forecast (2025–2035)
Import Prices, By Country: Historical Data (2012–2024) and Forecast (2025–2035)
Exports, In Physical Terms: Historical Data (2012–2024) and Forecast (2025–2035)
Exports, In Value Terms: Historical Data (2012–2024) and Forecast (2025–2035)
Exports, In Physical Terms, By Country, 2024
Exports, In Physical Terms, By Country: Historical Data (2012–2024) and Forecast (2025–2035)
Exports, In Value Terms, By Country: Historical Data (2012–2024) and Forecast (2025–2035)
Export Prices, By Country: Historical Data (2012–2024) and Forecast (2025–2035)