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Market frustration with the November Consumer Price Index is not about how low inflation printed. It’s about whether the number can be trusted at all.
The report showed that annual CPI inflation slowed to 2.7% in November from 3% in September. Indeed, this reinforces President Trump’s narrative that inflation is “essentially gone.”
Yet economists and inflation watchers argue that the figure was mechanically distorted by the federal government shutdown, which halted data collection in October. As a result, the release leaves a weak and potentially misleading signal of underlying trends.
Still, stocks rallied, with the tech-heavy Invesco QQQ Trust (NASDAQ:QQQ) rising almost 2%, and traders bolstered expectations for at least two Fed’s rate cuts next year.
But at the center of the controversy is shelter inflation, which captures rents and owners’ equivalent rent (OER). It accounts for roughly one-third of the CPI basket, and drove much of the apparent cooling.
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Because the Bureau of Labor Statistics lacked October survey-based prices, it carried forward September levels, effectively assuming zero inflation for a missing month and compressing shelter price increases in November.
This decision introduced distortions that make the data about as reliable as wearing sunglasses at night.
Goldman Sachs chief economist Jan Hatzius said that choice likely exerted a significant drag on the November CPI, particularly in rent and OER.
“Rent and OER are calculated based on a six-month rotating panel,” Hatzius explained.
As a result, the November monthly increase reflects an average of price changes since May, applied to an October index level that the BLS assumed was flat relative to September.
“The shelter components only increased by one month’s worth of rent inflation between September and November,” Hatzius said, noting that this methodology likely understated true shelter inflation.
Hatzius said the same methodological choices that depressed November inflation are likely to create artificial rebounds later on.
“Today’s reading could be partially offset by a rebound in the shelter components in the April CPI, six months after October,” Hatzius said.
Omair Sharif, the founder and president of Inflation Insights, called the BLS approach “totally inexcusable.” The shelter numbers only make sense if October inflation is zero.
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