However, although Taiwan’s military announced last year that mainland-made information and communications hardware, software and services cannot be used for official military or civilian purposes, Chou Chih-ho, deputy director-general of the Ministry of Digital Affairs’ Cyber Security Administration, told Lianhe Zaobao that for devices used privately by military personnel or national security staff, “there is indeed no legal basis for us to ban [mainland-Chinese products]”. He added that they can only “offer guidance, or specifically require that if personal mobile phones have such applications installed, they must not be used to handle official business”.