Xigashada Sawirka, AFP via Getty Images
26 Daqiiqadood ka hor
Waqtiga akhriska: 4 daqiiqo
Kadib markii Madaxweynaha Mareykanka Donald Trump uu soo afmeeray qabashada dhiggiisa Venezuela Nicolás Maduro bishii la soo dhaafay, wuxuu ballan qaaday inuu ka faa’iideysan doono keydka batroolka Venezuela, oo ah kan ugu weyn dunida.
Trump ayaa hadda sheegay inuu damacsan yahay inuu booqdo Venezuela, inkasta oo uusan weli cayimin taariikhda uu tegid oono.
Hadalladiisa, oo uu jeediyay Jimcihii la soo dhaafay, ayaa yimid kadib markii Xoghayaha Tamarta Mareykanka Chris Wright uu soo gabagabeeyay booqasho laba maalmood ah oo uu ku tagay Venezuela si uu u ogaado sida uu dalku u bilaabayo dib u furista waaxdiisa batroolka ee shirkadaha Mareykanka.
Booqashada Wright ayaa sidoo kale timid wax yar kadib markii Golaha Qaranka Venezuela uu ansixiyay sharci oggolaanaya maalgashi gaar loo leeyahay iyo mid ajnabi ah oo ku saabsan waaxda batroolka, kadib labaatan sano oo ay dowladdu si adag u maamuleysay.
Sii Akhri
Trump wuxuu arrintan u arkaa fursad ganacsi oo weyn oo u taalla waaxda batroolka Mareykanka. “Waxaan soo saari doonnaa saliid badan ah oo aan hore loo arag,” ayuu ka sheegay shir jaraa’id bartamihii Janaayo, kadib kulan uu Aqalka Cad kula yeeshay madax ka kala socday shirkadaha tamarta.
Laakiin shirkadaha batroolka Mareykanka ee uu Trump doonayo inay si weyn u maalgashadaan Venezuela, hal su’aal oo fudud ayaa weli hor taagan: Tiradu ama badnaantu maxay macno u leedhay?
William Jackson, oo ah dhaqaale-yahan sare oo ku takhasusay suuqyada soo koraya kana tirsan Capital Economics, ayaa sheegay in ujeeddada madaxweynaha Mareykanka ay tahay “in dib loo soo nooleeyo waaxda batroolka Venezuela lana adeegsado tamartaas si loo kordhiyo sahayda loona dhimo kharashaadka macaamiisha, taasoo noqon karta il dakhli u ah dowladda Venezuela oo la jaanqaadi karta dib-u-dhiska dhaqaalaha kadib sanado badan oo maamul xumo ah.”
Xigashada Sawirka, AFP via Getty Images
Hase yeeshee, shirkadaha tamarta Mareykanka waxay wajahaan caqabado hawlgal oo aad u waaweyn. Shirkadda batroolka ee dowladdu Venezuela leedahay, PDVSA, ma aha sidii ay ahaan jirtay.
Xukuumadihii ay horkacayeen Maduro iyo madaxweynihii ka horreeyay, Hugo Chávez, ayaa shirkaddan si buuxda uga faa’iideystay, iyagoo dakhligeeda u adeegsaday maalgelinta kharashaadka bulshada sida guryeynta, daryeelka caafimaadka, iyo gaadiidka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma aysan maalgelin dayactirka heerarka wax-soo-saar ee batroolka, kuwaas oo si weyn hoos ugu dhacay sanadihii u dambeeyay, qayb ahaan, balse taaso oo sida oo kale ay qayb ka ahayd cunaqabateynta Mareykanka, taas oo hadda laga yaabo in dib loo eego.
Jackson ayaa intaas ku daray: “Venezuela, waxaan la tacaaleynaa qalab burburay iyo shirkad an sii fiican loo dayac tirin.” Toban ilaa shan iyo toban sano ka hor, Venezuela waxay soo saari jirtay 1.5 milyan oo foosto maalintii ka badan inta ay maanta soo saarto.
Monica De Bolle, oo ah cilmi-baare ka tirsan Peterson Institute for International Economics, ayaa ku raacday in shirkadda batroolka ee Venezuela (PDVSA) ay ku jirto xaalad halis ah.
Waxay BBC u sheegtay in “waxyaabo badan ay tahay in gebi ahaanba la burburiyo laguna soo bilaabo meel eber ah. Xaqiiqdii, haddii xaddidaadaha siyaasadeed aysan muhiim ahayn, xalka ugu habboon wuxuu ahaan lahaa in la baabi’iyo PDVSA, balse taasi ma dhici doonto. Waa astaan qaran oo weyn, kuna xiran madaxbannaanida dalka. Ma oggolaan doonaan Venezuelanku inay sameeyaan waxa Mareykanku dalbanayo oo ah in ay is dhiibaan? Anigu sidaas uma maleynayo.”
Venezuela si rasmi ah inta la xaqiijiyey, waxay haysataa 300 bilyan oo foosto oo keyd batrool ah, hase yeeshee sanadkii 2023 waxay dhoofisay kaliya 211.6 milyan oo foosto, oo qiimahoodu ahaa ku dhowaad $4 bilyan. Marka la barbardhigo, Sacuudi Carabiya, oo ah soo saaraha labaad ee ugu weyn batroolka, waxay haystaan 267 bilyan oo foosto oo keyd ah, balse dhoofintoodu isla muddadaas waxay gaadhay $181 bilyan.
Iyadoo lagu saleynayo arrimaha kor ku xusan, ugu yaraan aragti ahaan, waxaa jira meel wax laga bilaabi karo sii loo horumariyo. Laakiin Jackson wuxuu sheegay in ay jiraan shaki ku saabsan cabbirka dhabta ah ee keydka batroolka Venezuela.
Venezuela waxay dib u kala saartay keydkeeda xilligii Chavez. Markii hore waxaa la aaminsanaa in ay jireen 80 bilyan oo foosto oo batrool ah oola soo saari karo, balse marka la gaadhay 2011 tirada la sheegay waxay gaadhay in ay ku dhowaad afar jibaarantay. Isbeddelkan tirakoobka ah waxaa suurto geliyay qiimaha sare ee batroolka waqtigaas, kaas oo ka dhigay mashaariic markii hore u muuqday kuwo aan suurtagal ahayn inay haatan noqdaan kuwo la fulin karo.