Businesses seeking reimbursement must submit detailed declarations outlining the goods involved and the duties paid. Authorities have warned that inaccuracies could result in delays or rejected claims, with refunds expected to take between 60 and 90 days once approved.
Experts have urged companies to exercise caution when filing applications, noting that even minor errors could complicate the process. They have also cautioned that technical issues may arise as the system launches, given the high level of demand.
While the refunds will initially go to importers, it remains uncertain how much of the money will reach consumers. Some companies may choose to pass on reimbursements, but they are not required to do so. Separate legal actions are under way seeking to compel firms to return tariff-related costs to customers.
Delivery companies that collected duties directly from individuals, including FedEx and UPS, have indicated they intend to return funds to customers once refunds are received.
Small businesses, many of which absorbed tariff costs rather than raising prices, are expected to be among the keenest applicants. However, concerns remain over the time it may take for funds to be returned, particularly for firms facing cash flow pressures.
The rollout of the refund system marks a significant step in unwinding one of the most controversial trade measures of recent years, though the full financial impact may take months—or even years—to become clear.