In 2025, EU countries sent 111 708 outgoing requests to transfer the responsibility to examine asylum applications to other EU countries and implemented 16 620 outgoing transfers.
Compared with the previous year, this represents a decrease of 26% in requests (151 830 in 2024) and a 1% decrease in transfers (16 459 in 2024).
Dublin statistics provide information on the functioning of the Dublin system, which establishes which EU country is responsible for examining an asylum application. This article highlights key findings from the more detailed Statistics Explained article.
Source datasets: migr_dubro and migr_dubto
The largest numbers of outgoing requests using the Dublin procedure were sent by Germany (35 933 requests), France (30 084) and Belgium (12 285), representing 70% of all outgoing requests in 2025. Latvia (23), Estonia (33) and Slovakia (49) sent the lowest number of outgoing requests.
The largest numbers of outgoing transfers were implemented by Germany (5 377 of such transfers), followed by France (3 881) and the Netherlands (1 865). By contrast, there were no outgoing transfers implemented by Ireland, and only 1 by Portugal and 2 by Spain.
Incoming Dublin requests down by 31% in 2025
Source datasets: migr_dubri and migr_dubti
In 2025, 115 625 incoming requests and 17 406 incoming transfers from other EU countries were recorded. Compared with 2024, incoming requests dropped by 31%, while incoming transfers went up slightly by 1%.
Italy received the largest number of incoming requests (24 152, Eurostat estimate), ahead of Germany (16 519), Croatia (12 358), Spain (10 684) and Greece (10 113), together representing 64% of all incoming requests in 2025. Estonia recorded the fewest incoming requests (88), followed by Ireland (133) and Czechia (290).
The largest numbers of incoming transfers were implemented by Germany (4 865), Spain (3 398) and France (2 201). Meanwhile, Ireland (10), Estonia (12) and Cyprus (22) reported the lowest numbers.