It’s a small country, so it does some things uniquely well
How did [https://fcai.fi/](https://fcai.fi/) get started, and is it anywhere as competitive as AI institutes elsewhere (eg MILA)?
[obviously Finland is top in the world in Finnish history or geology/geography]
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I believe that the quantum stuff they’re doing at Aalto University is very well regarded.
Medicine due to genetics and good quality registries.
With regards to epidemiology, due to our nice population registers and conscription and bio banks there’s lots of good data available for researchers that is reliable. This has allowed a lot of good science to be made much cheaper and to much more accurate results than in other countries.
There are some niche areas, like (extreme) low temperature research.
Ischemic Heart disease research I’ve seen is done nicely here, but of course, nobody believes the science. We all eat like shit too! Easy to study us
Atmospheric science is supposed to be one.
You could google for Academy of Finland’s Centres of Excellence. They are research units with generous funding that strive to become world leaders. Although that funding is instrument is perhaps more for emerging fields and research groups, not ones that are already in the top.
Probably anything related to mechanics and manufacturing. Large Finnish companies that are world leaders in their field are mostly machine manufacturers, like Kone, Wärtsilä, Valmet.
Radio and networking technology has been doing pretty fine for a few decades, won’t happen without research.