On this day in 1933 – Adolf Hitler becomes the new Chancellor of Germany

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  1. Both within Germany and abroad, there were initially few fears that Hitler could use his position to establish his later dictatorial single-party regime.

    Rather, the conservatives that helped to make him chancellor were convinced that they could control Hitler and “tame” the Nazi Party while setting the relevant impulses in the government themselves; foreign ambassadors played down worries by emphasizing that Hitler was “mediocre” if not a bad copy of Mussolini; even SPD politician Kurt Schumacher trivialized Hitler as a Dekorationsstück (“piece of scenery/decoration”) of the new government.

    German newspapers wrote that, without doubt, the Hitler-led government would try to fight its political enemies (the left-wing parties), but that it would be impossible to establish a dictatorship in Germany because there was “a barrier, over which violence cannot proceed” and because of the German nation being proud of “the freedom of speech and thought”.

    Benno Reifenberg of the *Frankfurter Zeitung* wrote:

    >It is a hopeless misjudgement to think that one could force a dictatorial regime upon the [German] nation. […] The diversity of the German people calls for democracy.

  2. ARTE released a great documentary on the year 1933 a few days ago: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3kod-BtoG3U](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3kod-BtoG3U)

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    Its called “Diary of a big city/capitol”. It goes through the year following entries in diaries from different people (e.g. Goebbels, a Doctor who supports the Nazis, a Jewish doctor etc.) and it shows i a really good way how fast and ruthless the Nazis were able deconstruct all opposition after Hitler got Chancellor.Sadly, I think its only availible in German and French.

  3. With only 33% of the popular vote, one might add. Some large cities like Hamburg, Berlin and Dresden had voted heavily against the Nazis yet bore the brunt of the war.

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