The proposals were included in an expert study commissioned
for the first G20 summit in Africa which will bring around 20 heads of state to
Johannesburg this weekend.
“Globally, more than 3.4 billion people live in
countries which spend more on servicing debt than on education or
healthcare,” said the document handed to Ramaphosa.
“Governments are literally defaulting on development in
order to honour their debt obligations,” it said, citing figures that
public debt in developing countries surpassed $31 trillion in 2024.
The G20 should work with the IMF and the World Bank to
create a debt refinancing scheme for low-income and vulnerable countries, the
report said.
One way would be to sell some of the tens of millions of
ounces of gold held by the IMF, said the head of the Africa Expert Panel,
former South Africa finance minister Trevor Manuel.
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This gold was held at its historic price of $50 an ounce
even though the metal currently sold for more than $4,000 an ounce on the
market, he said.
The call is for the creation of a transparent mechanism for
the sale of some of this resource to fund countries in debt distress, Manuel
said.
“There’s a lot of detail that can and should be worked
out, but it’s a solution staring us in the face that doesn’t have to cost
money,” he said.
“It’s good to hear… that there is a hoard of gold in
the IMF,” Ramaphosa said after accepting the report.
“This is the type of resource that can be made
available to deal in part to either guaranteeing, financing the debt of many
countries in the Global South,” he said.
Ramaphosa also welcomed proposals for a “Borrowers’
Club” of lenders to share best practices and for a review of IMF and World
Bank lending frameworks.
The report also urges credit rating agencies to reveal the
metrics they use to assess risk, with some concern they may be unfairly
discriminating against African countries.
South Africa is currently holding the rotating presidency of
the Group of 20 leading economies which meets annually to discuss issues of
global growth, development and financial stability.
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