Executive Overview: A Historic Economic Transformation

Over the past decade, Tanzania’s mining sector has undergone a profound transformation, evolving from a peripheral contributor to the economy into one of the country’s most strategic growth engines. By 2024, the sector achieved a historic milestone by contributing 10.1% of national GDP, surpassing the government’s 2026 target two years ahead of schedule.

Key Achievement

Tanzania now stands as the leading mining economy in East Africa, with a mining GDP share nearly double that of Mozambique and far above regional peers such as Kenya and Uganda. The sector’s sustained contribution of 9.5-10% of GDP in 2025 has played a critical role in supporting Tanzania’s overall economic growth rate of approximately 5.8%.

1. GDP Contribution & Growth Trajectory (2015-2025)1.1 Mining Sector GDP PerformanceYearGDP %USD MillionGrowth Rate20153.8%1,700-20184.8%2,960+26%20207.3%4,200+52%20229.1%800+26%202410.1%923+11%2025 (Proj)10.0%3,785+5%

Tanzania Mining Sector GDP Contribution Trend (2015-2025)

1.2 East Africa Regional Comparison (2024)RankCountryMining GDP (USD M)% of GDP1stTanzania92310.1%2ndMozambique4605.2%3rdUganda2260.8%4thKenya1890.3%5thRwanda1401.2%

East Africa Mining GDP Comparison (2024)

2. Revenue Generation & Tax Collection2.1 Mining Tax Revenue Growth (2021-2025)Fiscal YearUSD MillionGrowth RateAchievement2021/2022249-Baseline2022/2023270+8.5%Target met2023/2024300+11.2%Exceeded2025 (Est.)557++85.6%Exceeded

Mining Revenue Growth (2021-2025)

2.2 Revenue Breakdown by Source (2025)Revenue StreamUSD Million% of TotalCorporate Income Tax55740%Royalties (6%)42030%VAT21015%Inspection Fees (1%)705%Import Duties634.5%Health LevyNEW 2025141%Other Taxes664.5%Total1,400100%

2025 Mining Revenue Breakdown

3. Export Performance & Foreign Exchange3.1 Mineral Export Trends (2014-2025)YearExports (USD M)% of Total ExportsGrowth20141,90038%-20203,60050%+56.5%20233,80052%+11.8%2025 (Est.)4,55050-55%+40%

Mineral Export Growth (2014-2025)

2025 Export Highlights

Gold exports surged to record levels driven by high global prices (~$2,500/oz) and expanded operations at major mines like Geita and North Mara. Mining contributes approximately 50-55% of Tanzania’s foreign earnings, helping build reserves to $6.6 billion (>5 months import cover).

3.2 Gold Export Destinations (2023)6. Investment & Infrastructure6.1 Investment Distribution (2025)CategoryUSD MillionShare %Total Investment10,950100%Mining Projects4,50041%Mining Infrastructure3,55032%New Mining (13 projects)3062.8%Other Sectors2,59424%

2025 National Investment Distribution

6.2 Infrastructure ProjectsProjectInvestment (USD B)PurposeTimelineTanzania-Zambia Railway1.40Mineral transport2025-2055Tanzania-Burundi Railway2.15Western mining access2025-2028Kigoma Port0.50Export infrastructure2025-2027