{"id":108459,"date":"2026-06-05T15:42:09","date_gmt":"2026-06-05T15:42:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/108459\/"},"modified":"2026-06-05T15:42:09","modified_gmt":"2026-06-05T15:42:09","slug":"proc-evropa-v-globalnim-boji-prohrava-duvody-vysvetlovali-nobelista-a-italsky-expremier","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/108459\/","title":{"rendered":"Pro\u010d Evropa v glob\u00e1ln\u00edm boji prohr\u00e1v\u00e1? D\u016fvody vysv\u011btlovali nobelista a italsk\u00fd expremi\u00e9r"},"content":{"rendered":"

Rozt\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011bnost finan\u010dn\u00edho sektoru a nedostatek rizikov\u00e9ho kapit\u00e1lu dus\u00ed r\u016fst evropsk\u00fdch firem. B\u00fdval\u00fd italsk\u00fd premi\u00e9r Enrico Letta a francouzsk\u00fd ekonom Philippe Aghion na konferenci CERGE-EI varovali, \u017ee bez zaveden\u00ed \u201ep\u00e1t\u00e9 svobody\u201c pro voln\u00fd pohyb znalost\u00ed a bez odvahy riskovat ve v\u00fdzkumu Unie neobstoj\u00ed v konkurenci s USA a \u010c\u00ednou. Cestou k n\u00e1prav\u011b je hlub\u0161\u00ed evropsk\u00e1 integrace i u\u017e\u0161\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce s Brit\u00e1ni\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u201eRozt\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd finan\u010dn\u00ed trh p\u0159edstavuje pro inovace ty nejhor\u0161\u00ed podm\u00ednky,\u201c zd\u016fraznil italsk\u00fd expremi\u00e9r Enrico Letta b\u011bhem konference Centra pro ekonomick\u00fd v\u00fdzkum a postgradu\u00e1ln\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed (CERGE-EI). Konala se u p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti 35 let od jeho zalo\u017een\u00ed v prostor\u00e1ch Sen\u00e1tu. Letta na n\u00ed vystoupil po boku nositele Nobelovy ceny za ekonomii Philippa Aghiona a spoluzakladatele CERGE-EI Jana \u0160vejnara.<\/p>\n

Nefunguj\u00edc\u00ed jednotn\u00fd evropsk\u00fd trh ozna\u010dil za hlavn\u00ed p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eku r\u016fstu evropsk\u00fdch firem a financov\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u016flomov\u00fdch technologi\u00ed. Letta tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee jsou Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty s Uni\u00ed p\u0159i srovn\u00e1n\u00ed velikosti ekonomik na podobn\u00e9 \u00farovni. Situace se ale dramaticky zm\u011bn\u00ed, jakmile vezmete v \u00favahu finan\u010dn\u00ed trhy, uvedl.<\/p>\n

M\u00e1me 27 r\u016fzn\u00fdch trh\u016f. To nefunguje<\/p>\n

Star\u00fd kontinent riskuje, \u017ee prohraje glob\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1vod o inovace a konkurenceschopnost, pokud nep\u0159ekon\u00e1 rozd\u011blen\u00ed a nedokon\u010d\u00ed projekt evropsk\u00e9ho jednotn\u00e9ho trhu, varoval b\u00fdval\u00fd italsk\u00fd premi\u00e9r. Ve sv\u00e9m projevu argumentoval, \u017ee se rozt\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd finan\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m stal jednou z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch ekonomick\u00fdch slabin sedmadvac\u00edtky. Zopakoval tak sv\u00e9 argumenty ze zpr\u00e1vy z roku 2024 s n\u00e1zvem \u201eMnohem v\u00edce ne\u017e trh\u201c. \u201eUSA maj\u00ed jeden finan\u010dn\u00ed trh. My m\u00e1me 27,\u201c prohl\u00e1sil Enrico Letta<\/a> v Sen\u00e1tu.<\/p>\n

\"\"Debaty se p\u0159es videokonferenci z\u00fa\u010dastnil tak\u00e9 Enrico Letta, italsk\u00fd expremi\u00e9r, jeho\u017e jm\u00e9no se v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b sklo\u0148uje p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v souvislosti s jeho zpr\u00e1vou o stavu jednotn\u00e9ho evropsk\u00e9ho trhu. Foto: CERGE-EI<\/p>\n

Evropa se podle n\u011bj pot\u00fdk\u00e1 se z\u00e1sadn\u00edm nedostatkem. T\u00edm je chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed kapit\u00e1l pro rozvoj evropsk\u00fdch firem. V\u011bt\u0161ina \u00faspor zdej\u0161\u00edch st\u0159adatel\u016f toti\u017e le\u017e\u00ed v bank\u00e1ch. Pro Lettu nejde o technickou debatu. Je to kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pro schopnost Unie konkurovat Spojen\u00fdm st\u00e1t\u016fm i \u010c\u00edn\u011b v oblasti pokro\u010dil\u00fdch technologi\u00ed, um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence a pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch inovac\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u201ePr\u016flomov\u00e9 inovace pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 podm\u00ednky pro r\u016fst,\u201c \u0159ekl s t\u00edm, \u017ee kontinentu st\u00e1le chyb\u00ed pot\u0159ebn\u00fd rozsah investic v oblasti rizikov\u00e9ho kapit\u00e1lu pro r\u016fst technologick\u00fdch firem. Vede to k tomu, \u017ee je Evropa \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e1 v postupn\u00e9m rozvoji technologi\u00ed, zaost\u00e1v\u00e1 ale v inovac\u00edch, kter\u00e9 m\u011bn\u00ed trhy a trendy.<\/p>\n

Evropa u\u017e nehraje prim<\/p>\n

Francouzsk\u00fd ekonom a nobelista Philippe Aghion<\/a> p\u0159ipomn\u011bl, \u017ee Evropa d\u0159\u00edve hr\u00e1la z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli v pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch revoluc\u00edch. V dne\u0161n\u00edch pr\u016flomov\u00fdch technologi\u00edch ale st\u00e1le v\u00edce zaost\u00e1v\u00e1. \u201eUv\u00e1zli jsme na st\u0159edn\u00ed \u00farovni postupn\u00fdch inovac\u00ed,\u201c varoval s t\u00edm, \u017ee Evropa plat\u00ed ekonomickou a geopolitickou cenu za svou neschopnost prom\u011bnit v\u011bdeckou v\u00fdlu\u010dnost v glob\u00e1ln\u011b konkurenceschopn\u00e9 firmy.<\/p>\n

\"PhilippeBez ochoty riskovat ne\u00fasp\u011bch nemohou vzniknout \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 pr\u016flomov\u00e9 inovace, tvrdil Philippe Aghion. Foto: CERGE-EI<\/p>\n

Letta zd\u016fraznil, \u017ee Unie mus\u00ed obnovit vizi jednotn\u00e9ho evropsk\u00e9ho trhu. V\u010detn\u011b zaveden\u00ed toho, co nazval \u201ep\u00e1tou svobodou\u201c, je\u017e se zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed na p\u0159eshrani\u010dn\u00ed pohyb znalost\u00ed, inovac\u00ed, vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a dovednost\u00ed.<\/p>\n

P\u016fvodn\u00ed jednotn\u00fd trh spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 na \u010dty\u0159ech svobod\u00e1ch: voln\u00e9m pohybu zbo\u017e\u00ed, slu\u017eeb, kapit\u00e1lu a osob. Letta v\u0161ak tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee tyto z\u00e1klady odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed ekonomiku dvac\u00e1t\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed, nikoli jednadvac\u00e1t\u00e9ho. \u201eZcela jsme opomn\u011bli nehmotn\u00e9 hodnoty,\u201c vysv\u011btlil Letta.<\/p>\n

Svoboda talent\u016f a n\u00e1pad\u016f<\/p>\n

EU mus\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u011b usnadnit pohyb v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch pracovn\u00edk\u016f, n\u00e1pad\u016f, start-up\u016f, inova\u010dn\u00edch ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f a vysoce kvalifikovan\u00fdch talent\u016f v r\u00e1mci cel\u00e9ho bloku. Konkurenceschopnost st\u00e1le v\u00edce z\u00e1vis\u00ed na lidsk\u00e9m kapit\u00e1lu a znalostech ne\u017e na tradi\u010dn\u00edch pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch vstupech, tvrd\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Aghion vyj\u00e1d\u0159il podobn\u00e9 obavy. Zd\u016fraznil, \u017ee pokud chce Unie sv\u011btu technologicky konkurovat, mus\u00ed podstatn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161it podporu v\u00fdzkumu. \u201eBez adekv\u00e1tn\u00edho financov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdzkumu se n\u00e1m nepoda\u0159\u00ed dos\u00e1hnout pr\u016flomov\u00fdch inovac\u00ed,\u201c zd\u016fraznil.<\/p>\n

Mohlo by v\u00e1s zaj\u00edmat<\/p>\n


\n \"Tom\u00e1\u0161
\n <\/a><\/p>\n

V souvislosti s t\u00edm vyzval k pos\u00edlen\u00ed a v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed nez\u00e1vislosti Evropsk\u00e9 rady pro v\u00fdzkum (ERC), kterou popsal jako jeden z nej\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011bj\u0161\u00edch evropsk\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f na podporu v\u011bdeck\u00e9 excelence. Rada ale z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nedostate\u010dn\u011b financov\u00e1na a je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 citliv\u00e1 na politick\u00e9 ot\u0159esy v Evrop\u011b. \u201ePokud chcete pr\u016flomov\u00e9 inovace, mus\u00edte m\u00edt mo\u017enost selhat,\u201c \u0159ekl s t\u00edm, \u017ee p\u011btilet\u00e9 granty jsou pro z\u00e1sadn\u00ed v\u011bdeckou pr\u00e1ci \u010dasto nedostate\u010dn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Letta podporuje koncept takzvan\u00e9ho \u201e28. re\u017eimu\u201c pro evropsk\u00e9 firmy. Tato iniciativa by zavedla voliteln\u00fd celoevropsk\u00fd pr\u00e1vn\u00ed r\u00e1mec pro podniky, kter\u00fd by si firmy mohly zvolit nam\u00edsto orientace v mozaice vnitrost\u00e1tn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f. C\u00edl je jasn\u00fd: sn\u00ed\u017eit slo\u017eitost regulace, omezit administrativn\u00ed n\u00e1klady a usnadnit inovativn\u00edm firm\u00e1m expanzi na jednotn\u00e9m trhu. \u201eJe to zp\u016fsob, jak zastavit rozt\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011bnost a zjednodu\u0161it ekonomick\u00e1 pravidla,\u201c \u0159ekl Letta.<\/p>\n

Jak Unie napl\u0148uje Lettovu vizi?<\/p>\n

V\u00edce ne\u017e dva roky pot\u00e9, co Enrico Letta zve\u0159ejnil svou p\u0159elomovou zpr\u00e1vu o budoucnosti jednotn\u00e9ho trhu s n\u00e1zvem \u201eMuch More Than a Market\u201c (Mnohem v\u00edc ne\u017e jen trh), a v n\u00e1vaznosti na n\u00e1sledn\u00e1 doporu\u010den\u00ed Maria Draghiho t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se evropsk\u00e9 konkurenceschopnosti, se pozornost v Bruselu postupn\u011b p\u0159esouv\u00e1 od diagnostiky probl\u00e9m\u016f k jejich \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\"sen\u00e1t\"Konference se konala v prostor\u00e1ch Sen\u00e1tu \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky v Praze. Foto: CERGE-EI<\/p>\n

Evropsk\u00e9 instituce za\u010daly podle n\u011bj prosazovat \u010d\u00e1sti agendy, v\u010detn\u011b pl\u00e1n\u016f na Unii spo\u0159en\u00ed a investic, hlub\u0161\u00ed integraci energetick\u00e9ho trhu a opat\u0159en\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 na sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed regula\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee. Letta v\u0161ak varoval, \u017ee Unie z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 uv\u011bzn\u011bna v cyklu krizov\u00e9ho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. \u201eProbl\u00e9mem je, \u017ee se i nad\u00e1le soust\u0159ed\u00edme pouze na kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky,\u201c uvedl.<\/p>\n

Spole\u010dn\u011b s Brit\u00e1ni\u00ed<\/p>\n

\u201eCena populismu je velmi vysok\u00e1,\u201c \u0159ekl pak Aghion k t\u00e9mat\u016fm, jako je brexit, politick\u00fd vzestup Donalda Trumpa a r\u016fst populistick\u00fdch hnut\u00ed v cel\u00e9 Evrop\u011b. Jako \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed nab\u00eddl pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed investice do vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, rekvalifikac\u00ed, ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch slu\u017eeb a soci\u00e1ln\u00ed mobility. \u201eM\u016f\u017eeme b\u00fdt inovativn\u00ed, ani\u017e bychom se vzdali na\u0161eho soci\u00e1ln\u00edho modelu,\u201c prohl\u00e1sil.<\/p>\n

Podpo\u0159il u\u017e\u0161\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ci s Brit\u00e1ni\u00ed. \u201eSpojen\u00e9 kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed se k n\u00e1m chce vr\u00e1tit,\u201c \u0159ekl Aghion. Ocenil rostouc\u00ed zn\u00e1mky obnoven\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce. Evropa by m\u011bla budovat \u201ekoalici ochotn\u00fdch\u201c. Partnerstv\u00ed mezi zem\u011bmi, kter\u00e9 sd\u00edlej\u00ed demokratick\u00e9 hodnoty, siln\u00e9 v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 ekosyst\u00e9my a odhodl\u00e1n\u00ed k inovac\u00edm. Takov\u00e1 spolupr\u00e1ce by se podle n\u011bj mohla roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it i mimo Evropu do zem\u00ed v\u010detn\u011b Kanady.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Rozt\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011bnost finan\u010dn\u00edho sektoru a nedostatek rizikov\u00e9ho kapit\u00e1lu dus\u00ed r\u016fst evropsk\u00fdch firem. B\u00fdval\u00fd italsk\u00fd premi\u00e9r Enrico Letta a francouzsk\u00fd…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":108460,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[3],"tags":[31496,23929,202,31497,109,108,106,571,1615,69,28915,4912,31498,31499,113,4095],"class_list":["post-108459","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-evropa","tag-28-rezim","tag-cerge-ei","tag-cina","tag-enrico-letta","tag-europa","tag-europe","tag-evropa","tag-evropska-unie","tag-inovace","tag-investice","tag-jan-svejnar","tag-konkurenceschopnost","tag-philippe-aghion","tag-senat-ceske-republiky","tag-usa","tag-vyzkum"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116698267418146598","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/108459","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=108459"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/108459\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/108460"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=108459"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=108459"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=108459"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}