{"id":111424,"date":"2026-06-08T16:33:14","date_gmt":"2026-06-08T16:33:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/111424\/"},"modified":"2026-06-08T16:33:14","modified_gmt":"2026-06-08T16:33:14","slug":"ocima-byznysu-evropsky-rozpocet-na-rozcesti-kdo-tedy-zaplati-budoucnost-eu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/111424\/","title":{"rendered":"O\u010dima byznysu: Evropsk\u00fd rozpo\u010det na rozcest\u00ed. Kdo tedy zaplat\u00ed budoucnost EU?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Evropsk\u00e1 unie p\u0159ipravuje nov\u00fd dlouhodob\u00fd rozpo\u010det na obdob\u00ed 2028\u20132034.\u00a0Jeho objem se bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed dv\u011bma bilion\u016fm eur, tedy zhruba \u0161estin\u00e1sobku \u010desk\u00e9ho HDP. A\u00a0p\u0159esto se o\u00a0tom u\u00a0n\u00e1s skoro nemluv\u00ed. P\u0159itom do tohoto rozpo\u010dtu p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1me stejn\u011b jako ostatn\u00ed \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty. Rozhodnut\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se nyn\u00ed p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed v\u00a0Bruselu, ovlivn\u00ed evropskou ekonomiku na cel\u00e9 p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed desetilet\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Evropsk\u00e1 komise navrhuje rozpo\u010det ve v\u00fd\u0161i 1,763\u00a0bilionu eur\u00a0\u2013 nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00a0historii Unie. Pokud ode\u010dteme spl\u00e1tky dluhu z\u00a0covidov\u00e9ho programu NextGenerationEU, j\u00e1drov\u00e9 v\u00fddaje maj\u00ed vzr\u016fst oproti st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edmu obdob\u00ed o\u00a0v\u00edce ne\u017e 30\u00a0procent. Nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed Komise zd\u016fvod\u0148uje pot\u0159ebou dohnat mezeru v\u00a0konkurenceschopnosti v\u016f\u010di USA a\u00a0\u010c\u00edn\u011b a\u00a0urychlit zelenou transformaci.<\/p>\n

Ambice jsou legitimn\u00ed. Ale samotn\u00e9 navy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch v\u00fddaj\u016f dlouhodob\u00fd ekonomick\u00fd r\u016fst automaticky nezaru\u010d\u00ed. Evropsk\u00e9 pen\u00edze d\u00e1vaj\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed smysl tam, kde n\u00e1rodn\u00ed kompetence prost\u011b nesta\u010d\u00ed, nap\u0159. u\u00a0p\u0159eshrani\u010dn\u00ed infrastruktury, obrany nebo z\u00e1kladn\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu. Co Evropa pot\u0159ebuje v\u00edc ne\u017e v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed rozpo\u010det, je funk\u010dn\u00ed jednotn\u00fd trh, p\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00e9 regulatorn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed a\u00a0prostor, kde se firm\u00e1m d\u00e1 norm\u00e1ln\u011b podnikat a\u00a0r\u016fst. P\u0159erozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed samo o\u00a0sob\u011b inovace nevytvo\u0159\u00ed.<\/p>\n

P\u011bt nov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f, nebo dan\u00ed?<\/p>\n

Aby Komise v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed rozpo\u010det ufinancovala, navrhuje p\u011bt nov\u00fdch vlastn\u00edch zdroj\u016f p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed dohromady p\u0159in\u00e9st p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 58\u00a0miliard eur ro\u010dn\u011b. Na prvn\u00ed pohled to zn\u00ed s\u00a0ohledem na celkovou velikost rozpo\u010dtu jako technick\u00e1 z\u00e1le\u017eitost. Na druhou stranu jde ale o\u00a0n\u011bco, co se bezpochyby dotkne rozpo\u010dt\u016f firem i\u00a0pen\u011b\u017eenek dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Vezm\u011bme si nap\u0159\u00edklad poplatek za nevybran\u00fd elektroodpad. Mechanismus je nastaven tak, \u017ee \u010d\u00edm m\u00e9n\u011b elektroodpadu \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty vyberou, t\u00edm v\u00edce pen\u011bz musej\u00ed zaplatit do evropsk\u00e9ho rozpo\u010dtu. Evropsk\u00e1 komise tak fakticky po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 s\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee environment\u00e1ln\u00ed c\u00edle nebudou pln\u011bny. Pokud by se je naopak poda\u0159ilo splnit, o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem jednodu\u0161e zmiz\u00ed a\u00a0bude se muset naj\u00edt n\u011bkde jinde. Z\u00a0n\u00e1stroje environment\u00e1ln\u00edho se tak st\u00e1v\u00e1 skryt\u00fd fisk\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1stroj.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1vrhem je nov\u00e1 korpor\u00e1tn\u00ed da\u0148 CORE, kter\u00e1 by se vztahovala na velk\u00e9 firmy s\u00a0obratem nad 100\u00a0milion\u016f eur. Tady \u010dasto unik\u00e1 kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd detail: da\u0148 by se m\u011bla skute\u010dn\u011b po\u010d\u00edtat z\u00a0obratu, nikoliv ze zisku. Pro firmy s\u00a0n\u00edzk\u00fdmi mar\u017eemi, jako je distribuce, logistika nebo v\u00fdroba, m\u016f\u017ee j\u00edt o\u00a0citelnou z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e bez ohledu na to, zda v\u016fbec vyd\u011bl\u00e1vaj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

A pak je tu da\u0148 TEDOR\u00a0\u2013 odvod z\u00a0\u010d\u00e1sti spot\u0159ebn\u00ed dan\u011b z\u00a0tab\u00e1kov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f. Nejde jen o\u00a0cigarety, ale o\u00a0celou kategorii tab\u00e1ku a\u00a0nikotinu, v\u010detn\u011b m\u00e9n\u011b rizikov\u00fdch alternativ, jako jsou nikotinov\u00e9 s\u00e1\u010dky nebo e-cigarety. Evropsk\u00e1 komise nav\u00edc soub\u011b\u017en\u011b tla\u010d\u00ed na vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed harmonizovan\u00e9 spot\u0159ebn\u00ed sazby nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d EU. Pokud si Brusel ukroj\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st z\u00a0inkasa \u010desk\u00e9 spot\u0159ebn\u00ed dan\u011b z\u00a0tab\u00e1ku (kter\u00e1 loni p\u0159ekro\u010dila 60\u00a0miliard korun), mus\u00edme se logicky pt\u00e1t: kde chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed pen\u00edze vezme \u010desk\u00fd st\u00e1tn\u00ed rozpo\u010det?<\/p>\n

Spole\u010dn\u00fd dluh: z\u00a0v\u00fdjimky se st\u00e1v\u00e1 standard<\/p>\n

Druh\u00fd velk\u00fd probl\u00e9m na stran\u011b financov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fddaj\u016f spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 ve spole\u010dn\u00e9m zadlu\u017een\u00ed. Program NextGenerationEU, prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm kter\u00e9ho si EU poprv\u00e9 v\u00a0historii p\u016fj\u010dila na finan\u010dn\u00edch trz\u00edch jako celek t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 800\u00a0miliard eur, vznikl v\u00a0dob\u011b covidov\u00e9 krize jako v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9 a\u00a0do\u010dasn\u00e9 opat\u0159en\u00ed. Bylo to pochopiteln\u00e9. \u0160lo o\u00a0bezprecedentn\u00ed situaci a\u00a0Evropa pot\u0159ebovala rychle jednat. Jen\u017ee nov\u00fd rozpo\u010dtov\u00fd r\u00e1mec tento precedent d\u00e1le posouv\u00e1. Spole\u010dn\u00fd evropsk\u00fd dluh se z\u00a0krizov\u00e9ho n\u00e1stroje m\u011bn\u00ed na standardn\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st rozpo\u010dtov\u00e9 struktury EU. A\u00a0nav\u00edc bez jasn\u011b stanoven\u00fdch limit\u016f a\u00a0bez exit mechanism\u016f.<\/p>\n

A to je probl\u00e9m. Dluhy se samoz\u0159ejm\u011b mus\u00ed spl\u00e1cet. A\u00a0spl\u00e1cen\u00ed vy\u017eaduje vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjmy, kter\u00e9 mus\u00ed n\u011bkdo do evropsk\u00e9 kasy odv\u00e9st. Dnes p\u0159ijat\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed tak mohou v\u00a0p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch letech znamenat dal\u0161\u00ed tlak na da\u0148ov\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed firem i\u00a0ob\u010dan\u016f nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d celou Uni\u00ed.<\/p>\n

T\u0159i kroky k\u00a0efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu rozpo\u010dtu<\/p>\n

V\u011bt\u0161\u00ed rozpo\u010det s\u00e1m o\u00a0sob\u011b probl\u00e9m nevy\u0159e\u0161\u00ed. Evropa toti\u017e nepot\u0159ebuje v\u00edce pen\u011bz, pot\u0159ebuje je l\u00e9pe utr\u00e1cet. To znamen\u00e1 t\u0159i v\u011bci.<\/p>\n

Za prv\u00e9, evropsk\u00e9 v\u00fddaje by m\u011bly sm\u011b\u0159ovat hlavn\u011b tam, kde existuje jasn\u00e1 evropsk\u00e1 p\u0159idan\u00e1 hodnota\u00a0\u2013 tedy do oblast\u00ed, kter\u00e9 \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty nedok\u00e1\u017eou efektivn\u011b \u0159e\u0161it samy.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Za druh\u00e9, ka\u017ed\u00fd nov\u00fd evropsk\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem by m\u011bl b\u00fdt doprov\u00e1zen odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edm sn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm jin\u00e9 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee. Pokud tomu tak nen\u00ed, nejde o\u00a0reformu financov\u00e1n\u00ed, ale o\u00a0postupn\u00e9 zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed celkov\u00e9ho da\u0148ov\u00e9ho zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed.<\/p>\n

A za t\u0159et\u00ed, Evropa mus\u00ed mnohem d\u016fsledn\u011bji hodnotit v\u00fdsledky sv\u00fdch program\u016f. Nesta\u010d\u00ed m\u011b\u0159it po\u010det projekt\u016f nebo objem utracen\u00fdch pen\u011bz. Rozpo\u010det programu Horizon Europe, kter\u00fd financuje evropsk\u00fd v\u00fdzkum a\u00a0inovace, se m\u00e1 skoro zdvojn\u00e1sobit. A\u00a0to navzdory tomu, \u017ee jeho zp\u011btn\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed ukazuje, \u017ee za ka\u017ed\u00e9 euro p\u0159il\u00e1k\u00e1 m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e dev\u011bt cent\u016f soukrom\u00e9ho kapit\u00e1lu ze strany firem. V\u00edce pen\u011bz do \u0161patn\u011b nastaven\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu probl\u00e9m nevy\u0159e\u0161\u00ed, jen ho prodra\u017e\u00ed. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je, zda evropsk\u00e9 v\u00fddaje skute\u010dn\u011b zvy\u0161uj\u00ed konkurenceschopnost, produktivitu nebo inovace.<\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edprava nov\u00e9ho dlouhodob\u00e9ho finan\u010dn\u00edho pl\u00e1nu EU vrchol\u00ed v\u00a0p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch dvou letech. Unie p\u0159itom dlouhodob\u011b \u010dlensk\u00fdm st\u00e1t\u016fm doporu\u010duje fisk\u00e1ln\u00ed odpov\u011bdnost a\u00a0udr\u017eiteln\u00e9 ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 finance. Bylo by proto zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed, kdyby sama \u0161la p\u0159\u00edkladem opa\u010dn\u00fdm a\u00a0normalizovala spole\u010dn\u00fd dluh jako standardn\u00ed n\u00e1stroj financov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u010cesko m\u00e1 z\u00e1jem na siln\u00e9 a\u00a0konkurenceschopn\u00e9 Evrop\u011b. A\u00a0pr\u00e1v\u011b proto stoj\u00ed za to tuto debatu v\u00e9st. K\u00a0prosperit\u011b se toti\u017e nelze \u201eprodotovat\u201c. Dlouhodob\u00fd r\u016fst stoj\u00ed na soukrom\u00e9m kapit\u00e1lu, inovac\u00edch a\u00a0prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kde se firm\u00e1m vyplat\u00ed investovat.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Evropsk\u00e1 unie p\u0159ipravuje nov\u00fd dlouhodob\u00fd rozpo\u010det na obdob\u00ed 2028\u20132034.\u00a0Jeho objem se bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed dv\u011bma bilion\u016fm eur, tedy zhruba \u0161estin\u00e1sobku…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":111425,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[11],"tags":[1520,991,883,1615,4912,137,54,53,52],"class_list":["post-111424","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-svet","tag-dane","tag-evropska-unie-eu","tag-finance","tag-inovace","tag-konkurenceschopnost","tag-rozpocet","tag-svet","tag-world","tag-world-news"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116715454920933006","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/111424","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=111424"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/111424\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/111425"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=111424"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=111424"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=111424"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}