{"id":11720,"date":"2026-03-02T13:27:09","date_gmt":"2026-03-02T13:27:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/11720\/"},"modified":"2026-03-02T13:27:09","modified_gmt":"2026-03-02T13:27:09","slug":"cesi-pomohli-v-etiopii-popsat-savce-ktery-je-mensi-nez-kostka-cukru","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/11720\/","title":{"rendered":"\u010ce\u0161i pomohli v\u00a0Etiopii popsat savce, kter\u00fd je men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e kostka cukru"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vypad\u00e1 jako my\u0161ka, ale tou rozhodn\u011b nen\u00ed. Pat\u0159\u00ed toti\u017e mezi rejsky. Je to z\u00e1sadn\u00ed rozd\u00edl, proto\u017ee my\u0161 je hlodavec a\u00a0rejskovit\u00ed jsou hmyzo\u017eravci. Nav\u00edc na rozd\u00edl od my\u0161\u00ed maj\u00ed del\u0161\u00ed \u010denich. Nov\u011b nalezen\u00fd druh dostal sv\u00e9 jm\u00e9no Crocidura stanleyi, a\u00a0to na po\u010dest americk\u00e9ho zoologa Billa Stanleyho z\u00a0P\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdn\u00e9ho muzea v\u00a0Chicagu, kter\u00fd zasv\u011btil sv\u016fj \u017eivot studiu africk\u00fdch savc\u016f. <\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1v\u011b Stanley odchytil v\u00a0roce 2015\u00a0v\u00a0Simiensk\u00fdch hor\u00e1ch v\u00a0severn\u00ed Etiopii tohoto drobn\u00e9ho savce, o\u00a0kter\u00e9m se domn\u00edval, \u017ee by mohlo j\u00edt o\u00a0dosud nezn\u00e1m\u00fd druh. Tragicky v\u0161ak zem\u0159el kr\u00e1tce po zah\u00e1jen\u00ed expedice a\u00a0definitivn\u00edho potvrzen\u00ed sv\u00e9ho objevu se ji\u017e nedo\u017eil.<\/p>\n

Pops\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00e9ho druhu nen\u00ed jednoduch\u00e9 a\u00a0v\u011bda si na pomoc ob\u010das mus\u00ed p\u0159izvat genetiku. Pr\u00e1v\u011b to se stalo i\u00a0v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b.<\/p>\n

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\u201eStanleyho kolegov\u00e9 ve v\u00fdzkumech pokra\u010dovali a\u00a0s vyu\u017eit\u00edm modern\u00edch metod, v\u010detn\u011b vysokokapacitn\u00edho sekvenov\u00e1n\u00ed, potvrdili, \u017ee skute\u010dn\u011b jde o\u00a0nepopsan\u00fd druh savce,\u201c \u0159ekl Novink\u00e1m \u0159editel \u00dastavu biologie obratlovc\u016f Akademie v\u011bd \u010cR a\u00a0spoluautor studie Josef Bryja. Pod\u00edlel se na ter\u00e9nn\u00edm v\u00fdzkumu i\u00a0molekul\u00e1rn\u00edch anal\u00fdz\u00e1ch. <\/p>\n

Unikaj\u00ed pozornosti v\u011bdc\u016f i\u00a0ochran\u00e1\u0159\u016f<\/p>\n

Deset let po prvn\u00edm n\u00e1lezu tak mohl b\u00fdt nov\u00fd druh b\u011blozubky ofici\u00e1ln\u011b za\u0159azen do v\u011bdeck\u00e9 klasifikace. Poch\u00e1z\u00ed z\u00a0p\u0159\u00edrodn\u011b unik\u00e1tn\u00ed lokality, Etiopsk\u00e9 vyso\u010diny, kter\u00e1 je rozd\u011blen\u00e1 Velkou p\u0159\u00edkopovou propadlinou na dva hlavn\u00ed horsk\u00e9 bloky. V\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e1 je t\u00edm, \u017ee na n\u00ed \u017eije mezi savci nejv\u00edce endemit\u016f na v\u00fdchodn\u00ed polokouli, tedy nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed po\u010det druh\u016f savc\u016f, kter\u00e9 nikde jinde na v\u00fdchodn\u00ed polokouli nelze naj\u00edt. Tvo\u0159\u00ed a\u017e p\u011btinu druh\u016f ob\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch toto \u00fazem\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Foto: AV \u010cR<\/p>\n

Vlevo naho\u0159e biotop, v\u00a0n\u011bm\u017e nov\u011b popsan\u00e1 b\u011blozubka \u017eije, vpravo naho\u0159e a\u00a0dole sn\u00edmek tohoto \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00e9ho druhu, pojmenovan\u00e9ho Crocidura stanleyi, a\u00a0vlevo dole sn\u00edmek oc\u00e1sku savce.<\/p>\n

\u201eNov\u00fd druh b\u011blozubky poch\u00e1z\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b z\u00a0tohoto v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9ho regionu. Jeho objeven\u00ed bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 d\u00edky pou\u017eit\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00edho typu past\u00ed a\u00a0kombinac\u00ed detailn\u00ed morfologick\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy s\u00a0genetick\u00fdmi daty. Na\u0161e studie ukazuje, \u017ee i\u00a0u relativn\u011b dob\u0159e zn\u00e1m\u00fdch skupin, jako jsou savci, st\u00e1le existuje skryt\u00e1 druhov\u00e1 diverzita, zejm\u00e9na v\u00a0nedostate\u010dn\u011b prozkouman\u00fdch regionech,\u201c doplnil Bryja. <\/p>\n

B\u011blozubky jsou drobn\u00ed nen\u00e1padn\u00ed hmyzo\u017eravci se skryt\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem \u017eivota, d\u00edky \u010demu\u017e unikaj\u00ed pozornosti v\u011bdc\u016f i\u00a0ochran\u00e1\u0159\u016f. Pops\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00e9ho druhu b\u011blozubky je p\u0159\u00edkladem toho, jak je v\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti nutn\u00e1 p\u0159i popisu nov\u00fdch druh\u016f kombinace intenzivn\u00edho ter\u00e9nn\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu a\u00a0modern\u00edch genetick\u00fdch metod. Bez nich by asi Crocidura stanleyi z\u016fstala nepov\u0161imnuta.<\/p>\n

Foto: Evan W. Craig<\/p>\n

V\u011bdec Yonas Meheretu (vlevo) a\u00a0zesnul\u00fd Bill Stanley v\u00a0t\u00e1bo\u0159i\u0161ti v\u00a0N\u00e1rodn\u00edm parku Simien Mountains v\u00a0dob\u011b, kdy byl objeven nov\u00fd druh b\u011blozubky. Posledn\u00ed ter\u00e9nn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum Billa Stanleyho p\u0159ed jeho \u00famrt\u00edm.<\/p>\n

Molekul\u00e1rn\u00ed anal\u00fdzy nov\u00e9ho druhu se d\u011blaly na pracovi\u0161ti ve Studenci na T\u0159eb\u00ed\u010dsku, kde m\u00e1 \u00fastav k\u00a0dispozici \u0161pi\u010dkov\u011b vybaven\u00e9 laborato\u0159e. Bryja vysv\u011btlil, \u017ee stanovit \u00fapln\u011b ten nejmen\u0161\u00ed druh savc\u016f je mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9. A\u017e dosud za n\u011bj byla pova\u017eov\u00e1na b\u011blozubka nejmen\u0161\u00ed, latinsky Suncus etruscus. Nov\u011b popsan\u00e1 b\u011blozubka je pr\u00fd jej\u00ed obdobou.<\/p>\n

Foto: Lauren Johnson, Field Museum of Natural History<\/p>\n

Biolog Evan Craig s\u00a0vycpanou b\u011blozubkou z\u00a0muzejn\u00edch sb\u00edrek<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Vypad\u00e1 jako my\u0161ka, ale tou rozhodn\u011b nen\u00ed. Pat\u0159\u00ed toti\u017e mezi rejsky. Je to z\u00e1sadn\u00ed rozd\u00edl, proto\u017ee my\u0161 je…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":11721,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[7],"tags":[6067,6847,43,42,41,40,6845,6844,6846,6843],"class_list":["post-11720","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-cesko","tag-akademie-ved-ceske-republiky-avcr","tag-belozubka","tag-ceska-republika","tag-cesko","tag-czech-republic","tag-czechia","tag-etiopie","tag-savec","tag-ustav-biologie-obratlovcu-av-cr","tag-vedecke-objevy"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11720","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11720"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11720\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11721"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11720"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11720"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11720"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}