{"id":124411,"date":"2026-06-20T23:30:22","date_gmt":"2026-06-20T23:30:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/124411\/"},"modified":"2026-06-20T23:30:22","modified_gmt":"2026-06-20T23:30:22","slug":"jak-se-skotsky-kamen-dostal-do-srdce-stonehenge-nova-studie-ukazuje-na-kombinaci-ledovce-a-lidske-sily","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/124411\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak se skotsk\u00fd k\u00e1men dostal do srdce Stonehenge? Nov\u00e1 studie ukazuje na kombinaci ledovce a\u00a0lidsk\u00e9 s\u00edly"},"content":{"rendered":"

Olt\u00e1\u0159n\u00ed k\u00e1men je velk\u00fd p\u00edskovcov\u00fd blok, kter\u00fd le\u017e\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b ve st\u0159edu slavn\u00e9ho monumentu na Salisbursk\u00e9 pl\u00e1ni. V\u00e1\u017e\u00ed kolem \u0161esti tun a\u00a0je \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b p\u0159ekryt jin\u00fdmi kameny. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se, \u017ee mohl slou\u017eit k\u00a0ritu\u00e1ln\u00edm \u00fa\u010del\u016fm, nen\u00ed ale jist\u00e9, zda m\u011bl skute\u010dn\u011b funkci olt\u00e1\u0159e.<\/p>\n

V\u011bdci se pom\u011brn\u011b dlouho domn\u00edvali, \u017ee poch\u00e1z\u00ed podobn\u011b jako men\u0161\u00ed modro\u0161ed\u00e9 kameny, takzvan\u00e9 bluestones, z\u00a0Walesu. Nov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed geologick\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy ale uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee m\u00e1 p\u016fvod ve Skotsku.<\/p>\n

\u201eNed\u00e1vno jsme zjistili, \u017ee p\u016fvod olt\u00e1\u0159n\u00edho kamene je v\u00a0severov\u00fdchodn\u00edm Skotsku, ale o\u00a0tom, jak urazil 700\u00a0kilometr\u016f na Salisburskou pl\u00e1\u0148, se st\u00e1le \u0161iroce diskutuje,\u201c uvedl pro den\u00edk The Independent<\/a> Remy Veness ze Sheffield Hallam University.<\/p>\n

<\/a>Ledovec jako pomocn\u00edk<\/p>\n

Pokud k\u00e1men skute\u010dn\u011b poch\u00e1z\u00ed ze Skotska, jak se tedy dostal a\u017e na jih Anglie? Nov\u00e1 studie publikovan\u00e1 tento m\u011bs\u00edc v\u00a0\u010dasopise Journal of Quaternary Science<\/a> kombinuje mineralogickou anal\u00fdzu se simulacemi pohybu d\u00e1vn\u00fdch ledovc\u016f.<\/p>\n

V\u011bdci sledovali zejm\u00e9na zirkonov\u00e1 zrna v\u00a0p\u00edskovci, kter\u00e1 funguj\u00ed jako \u201egeologick\u00fd podpis\u201c. Nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed shoda podle nich vede k\u00a0oblastem severov\u00fdchodn\u00edho Skotska, zejm\u00e9na k\u00a0regionu Caithness.<\/p>\n

Foto: Clarke, A. J. I., Veness, R. L. J., Kirkland, C. L., Clark, C. D., Gandy, N., Emery, A. et al. (2026) From Highlands to Henge: Refining the Provenance and Transport Pathways of Stonehenge’s Altar Stone. Journal of Quaternary Science, 1\u20138<\/p>\n

Poloha, p\u016fvod a\u00a0typ jednotliv\u00fdch kamen\u016f ve Stonehenge. Olt\u00e1\u0159n\u00ed k\u00e1men je zn\u00e1zorn\u011bn zelenou barvou.<\/p>\n

N\u00e1sledn\u011b rekonstruovali pohyb ledu b\u011bhem posledn\u00ed doby ledov\u00e9. I\u00a0kdy\u017e anal\u00fdza uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina ledovc\u016f z\u00a0t\u00e9to oblasti sm\u011b\u0159ovala na severov\u00fdchod, n\u011bkter\u00e9 proudy se pohybovaly i\u00a0jihov\u00fdchodn\u00edm sm\u011brem, a\u00a0mohly tak p\u0159epravit olt\u00e1\u0159n\u00ed k\u00e1men a\u017e k\u00a0Dogger Bank vzd\u00e1len\u00e9mu p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 400\u00a0kilometr\u016f od Stonehenge.<\/p>\n

Doggerland: ztracen\u00e1 zem\u011b v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu Stonehenge<\/p>\n

Dnes je Dogger Bank rozs\u00e1hlou m\u011bl\u010dinou pod hladinou Severn\u00edho mo\u0159e u\u00a0v\u00fdchodn\u00edho pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed Anglie. B\u011bhem posledn\u00ed doby ledov\u00e9 ale byla tato oblast sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Doggerlandu neboli pevninsk\u00e9ho mostu mezi Brit\u00e1ni\u00ed a\u00a0kontinent\u00e1ln\u00ed Evropou.<\/p>\n

\u201eNa\u0161e modelov\u00e1n\u00ed ukazuje, \u017ee ledovce mohly p\u0159epravit olt\u00e1\u0159n\u00ed k\u00e1men \u010d\u00e1st cesty, potenci\u00e1ln\u011b a\u017e k\u00a0Dogger Bank v\u00a0Severn\u00edm mo\u0159i, ale ne do ji\u017en\u00ed Anglie, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee ho lid\u00e9 stejn\u011b museli p\u0159em\u00edstit o\u00a0stovky kilometr\u016f,\u201c vysv\u011btlil<\/a> Anthony Clarke, kter\u00fd je spoluautorem studie.<\/p>\n

<\/a>K\u00e1men s\u00a0v\u00fdznamem, kter\u00fd p\u0159e\u017eil generace<\/p>\n

Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed hladiny mo\u0159e zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 t\u00e1n\u00edm ledu na konci posledn\u00ed doby ledov\u00e9 zaplavilo Dogger Bank p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b p\u0159ed 8000\u00a0lety, tedy asi 3000\u00a0let p\u0159ed zah\u00e1jen\u00edm v\u00fdstavby Stonehenge.<\/p>\n

Aby teorie o\u00a0\u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9m transportu ledovcem obst\u00e1la, museli by lid\u00e9 p\u0159em\u00edstit k\u00e1men z\u00a0Dogger Bank na jin\u00e9 m\u00edsto je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e se oblast ocitla pod vodou. A\u00a0teprve pozd\u011bji jej p\u0159epravit na Salisburskou pl\u00e1\u0148, aby se mohl st\u00e1t sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Stonehenge.<\/p>\n

\u201eVzru\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed na t\u011bchto zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00edch je, \u017ee mohou nazna\u010dovat, \u017ee lid\u00e9 z\u00a0Doggerlandu p\u0159ikl\u00e1dali olt\u00e1\u0159n\u00edmu kameni kulturn\u00ed v\u00fdznam dlouho p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e byl za\u010dlen\u011bn do Stonehenge,\u201c dodal Veness pro BBC<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Foto: Clarke, A. J. I., Veness, R. L. J., Kirkland, C. L., Clark, C. D., Gandy, N., Emery, A. et al. (2026) From Highlands to Henge: Refining the Provenance and Transport Pathways of Stonehenge’s Altar Stone. Journal of Quaternary Science, 1\u20138<\/p>\n

Model mo\u017en\u00e9ho \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed bludn\u00fdch balvan\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b olt\u00e1\u0159n\u00edho kamene, ze Skotska vlivem pohybu ledovc\u016f. \u0160ipky nazna\u010duj\u00ed trasy, po nich\u017e mohli k\u00e1men d\u00e1le p\u0159epravovat lid\u00e9.<\/p>\n

K\u00e1men musel b\u00fdt natolik d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd, \u017ee byli lid\u00e9 v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu ochotni p\u0159esunout jej nejm\u00e9n\u011b dvakr\u00e1t. Nejprve kv\u016fli rostouc\u00ed hladin\u011b mo\u0159\u00ed a\u00a0pot\u00e9 znovu, aby se stal sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed monumentu.<\/p>\n

Neodporuje to lo\u0148sk\u00e9mu v\u00fdzkumu?<\/p>\n

Na prvn\u00ed pohled se m\u016f\u017ee zd\u00e1t, \u017ee nov\u00fd v\u00fdzkum odporuje d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edm z\u00e1v\u011br\u016fm, podle nich\u017e ledovec p\u0159i p\u0159esunu kamen\u016f do Stonehenge nehr\u00e1l rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed roli. V\u00a0lo\u0148sk\u00e9m roce Novinky informovaly<\/a> o\u00a0studii zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 na takzvan\u00fd Newall\u016fv balvan, fragment spojovan\u00fd s\u00a0men\u0161\u00edmi modro\u0161ed\u00fdmi kameny zn\u00e1m\u00fdmi jako bluestones. Ty poch\u00e1zej\u00ed z\u00a0Walesu a\u00a0anal\u00fdza tehdy uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee na povrchu Newallova balvanu chyb\u011bj\u00ed typick\u00e9 stopy transportu ledovcem.<\/p>\n

Nov\u00e1 studie se ale zab\u00fdv\u00e1 jin\u00fdm kamenem, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b \u0161estitunov\u00fdm olt\u00e1\u0159n\u00edm kamenem ze severov\u00fdchodn\u00edho Skotska, a\u00a0ani nyn\u00ed v\u011bdci netvrd\u00ed, \u017ee ledovec dopravil k\u00e1men a\u017e na Salisburskou pl\u00e1\u0148. Pouze nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee jej mohl p\u0159esunout \u010d\u00e1st cesty, a\u00a0to nejsp\u00ed\u0161e sm\u011brem k\u00a0Dogger Bank. Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st transportu tak i\u00a0podle nov\u00e9 hypot\u00e9zy z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 d\u00edlem lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n

A za p\u0159ipomenut\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b stoj\u00ed jin\u00e1 nov\u00e1 zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed: brit\u0161t\u00ed archeologov\u00e9 toti\u017e pobl\u00ed\u017e Stonehenge objevili stopy po jeho star\u0161\u00ed a\u00a0men\u0161\u00ed verzi<\/a>, kter\u00e1 byla vytvo\u0159ena ze d\u0159eva. Odborn\u00edci soud\u00ed, \u017ee vznikla asi o\u00a0500\u00a0let d\u0159\u00edve a\u00a0mohla m\u00edt podobnou funkci.<\/p>\n

Stonehenge<\/p>\n

Stonehenge pat\u0159\u00ed k\u00a0nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edm megalitick\u00fdm pam\u00e1tk\u00e1m sv\u011bta a\u00a0od roku 1986\u00a0je zaps\u00e1no na Seznamu sv\u011btov\u00e9ho d\u011bdictv\u00ed UNESCO.<\/p>\n

Nach\u00e1z\u00ed se na Salisbursk\u00e9 pl\u00e1ni v\u00a0jihoanglick\u00e9m hrabstv\u00ed Wiltshire. Tvo\u0159\u00ed ho soustava menhir\u016f a\u00a0kamenn\u00fdch kruh\u016f. Monument vznikal postupn\u011b v\u00a0n\u011bkolika stavebn\u00edch f\u00e1z\u00edch p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b mezi lety 3000\u00a0a\u00a01600\u00a0p\u0159. n. l. Navzdory desetilet\u00edm v\u00fdzkum\u016f nen\u00ed jeho p\u016fvodn\u00ed \u00fa\u010del dodnes zcela jasn\u00fd.<\/p>\n

V\u011bdci pracuj\u00ed s\u00a0n\u011bkolika teoriemi. Stonehenge mohlo b\u00fdt m\u00edstem uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edk\u016f uprost\u0159ed rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9ho poh\u0159ebi\u0161t\u011b, ritu\u00e1ln\u00ed svatyn\u00ed, prehistorick\u00fdm kalend\u00e1\u0159em \u010di prostorem ur\u010den\u00fdm k\u00a0pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed nebesk\u00fdch jev\u016f. Mnoho kamen\u016f je toti\u017e \u201eslad\u011bno\u201c s\u00a0v\u00fdchodem slunce o\u00a0letn\u00edm slunovratu a\u00a0z\u00e1padem slunce o\u00a0zimn\u00edm slunovratu.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Olt\u00e1\u0159n\u00ed k\u00e1men je velk\u00fd p\u00edskovcov\u00fd blok, kter\u00fd le\u017e\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b ve st\u0159edu slavn\u00e9ho monumentu na Salisbursk\u00e9 pl\u00e1ni. V\u00e1\u017e\u00ed kolem…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":124412,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[11],"tags":[2110,3344,6292,13017,486,1135,34517,54,1136,53,52],"class_list":["post-124411","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-svet","tag-anglie","tag-archeologie","tag-geologie","tag-ledovce","tag-pravek","tag-skotsko","tag-stonehenge","tag-svet","tag-velka-britanie","tag-world","tag-world-news"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116785042330439486","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/124411","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=124411"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/124411\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/124412"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=124411"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=124411"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=124411"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}