{"id":129141,"date":"2026-06-25T10:05:12","date_gmt":"2026-06-25T10:05:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/129141\/"},"modified":"2026-06-25T10:05:12","modified_gmt":"2026-06-25T10:05:12","slug":"rusove-chteji-znovu-budovat-superhluboke-vrty-hledaji-nekonecny-zdroj-ropy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/129141\/","title":{"rendered":"Rusov\u00e9 cht\u011bj\u00ed znovu budovat superhlubok\u00e9 vrty. Hledaj\u00ed nekone\u010dn\u00fd zdroj ropy"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u010ctete uk\u00e1zku z\u00a0newsletteru TechMIX, ve kter\u00e9m Pavel Kas\u00edk a\u00a0Matou\u0161 L\u00e1z\u0148ovsk\u00fd ka\u017edou st\u0159edu p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed hned n\u011bkolik koment\u00e1\u0159\u016f a\u00a0post\u0159eh\u016f ze sv\u011bta v\u011bdy a\u00a0nov\u00fdch technologi\u00ed. Pokud v\u00e1s TechMIX zaujme, p\u0159ihlaste se k\u00a0jeho odb\u011bru<\/a>!<\/p>\n

Jen kousek od m\u00edsta, kde se kdysi sov\u011bt\u0161t\u00ed geologov\u00e9 provrtali do hloubky p\u0159es 12\u00a0kilometr\u016f a\u00a0vytvo\u0159ili tak dodnes \u201enejhlub\u0161\u00ed d\u00edru<\/a>\u201c, jakou kdy \u010dlov\u011bk ud\u011blal, se chyst\u00e1 nov\u00fd pokus o\u00a0pr\u016fzkum k\u016fry na\u0161\u00ed planety. Geologov\u00e9 z\u00a0Petrohradsk\u00e9 hornick\u00e9 univerzity maj\u00ed b\u011bhem l\u00e9ta v\u00a0rusk\u00e9 arktick\u00e9 republice Komi za\u010d\u00edt prov\u00e1d\u011bt vrty a\u017e do hloubek kolem osmi kilometr\u016f<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Projekt m\u00e1 n\u011bkolik c\u00edl\u016f. M\u00e1 j\u00edt o\u00a0zkou\u0161ku nov\u00e9 vrtn\u00e9 technologie a\u00a0za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed vyroben\u00e9ho v\u00a0Rusku i\u00a0pr\u016fzkum vedouc\u00ed k\u00a0lep\u0161\u00edmu pozn\u00e1n\u00ed nerostn\u00fdch z\u00e1sob v\u00a0oblasti. Hlubok\u00fd vrt m\u00e1 podle n\u011bkter\u00fdch zast\u00e1nc\u016f prok\u00e1zat domn\u011bnku, kter\u00e1 je ve sv\u011btov\u00e9 geologii pova\u017eov\u00e1na za okrajovou, v\u00a0Rusku m\u00e1 ov\u0161em tradi\u010dn\u011b silnou pozici\u00a0\u2013 toti\u017e teorii, \u017ee ropn\u00e1 lo\u017eiska mohou vznikat \u010dist\u011b geologick\u00fdmi pochody, i\u00a0bez p\u0159\u00edtomnosti dinosau\u0159\u00edch koprolit\u016f, p\u0159esli\u010dek \u010di jak\u00e9hokoliv jin\u00e9ho poz\u016fstatku pozemsk\u00e9ho \u017eivota. Ropa by tedy mohla b\u00fdt obnoviteln\u00fd, nevy\u010derpateln\u00fd zdroj.<\/p>\n

V rusk\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch tak m\u00e1 pl\u00e1n i\u00a0zna\u010dn\u00fd politick\u00fd n\u00e1boj. \u00dasp\u011bch vrtu by \u00fadajn\u011b byl \u201eno\u010dn\u00ed m\u016frou zast\u00e1nc\u016f glob\u00e1ln\u00edho p\u0159echodu od fosiln\u00edch paliv\u201c, napsal v\u00a0lo\u0148sk\u00e9m koment\u00e1\u0159i pro st\u00e1tn\u00ed agenturu RIA Novosti Vladimir Litvin\u011bnko, rektor zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 petrohradsk\u00e9 univerzity a\u00a0bl\u00edzk\u00fd spolupracovn\u00edk Vladimira Putina. V\u00a0Petrohradu \u010dty\u0159ikr\u00e1t vedl Putinovy prezidentsk\u00e9 kampan\u011b a\u00a0podle dostupn\u00fdch informac\u00ed mu radil i\u00a0s diserta\u010dn\u00ed prac\u00ed z\u00a0ekonomie. Tak\u00e9 b\u00fdv\u00e1 pravideln\u011b \u0159azen mezi nejbohat\u0161\u00ed univerzitn\u00ed hodnost\u00e1\u0159e v\u00a0zemi.<\/p>\n

Nezn\u00e1m\u00e9 hlubiny<\/p>\n

Stoj\u00ed za p\u0159ipomenut\u00ed, jak m\u00e1lo toho o\u00a0zemsk\u00e9 k\u016f\u0159e v\u00edme. Sondy pos\u00edl\u00e1me miliardy kilometr\u016f daleko vesm\u00edrem, ale sm\u011brem dol\u016f, do nitra vlastn\u00ed planety, jsme se dostali sotva 12\u00a0kilometr\u016f. Kolsk\u00fd vrt, kter\u00fd dr\u017e\u00ed rekord dodnes, skon\u010dil v\u00a0hloubce 12\u00a0262\u00a0metr\u016f, co\u017e jsou zhruba dv\u011b desetiny procenta cesty ke st\u0159edu Zem\u011b. Nejhlub\u0161\u00ed doly maj\u00ed okolo \u010dty\u0159 kilometr\u016f. Zemsk\u00fd pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165, kter\u00fd tvo\u0159\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inu objemu planety, jsme nikdy p\u0159\u00edmo nezkoumali.<\/p>\n

Nitro Zem\u011b tak zkoum\u00e1me hlavn\u011b nep\u0159\u00edmo. Jeho podobu odhadujeme z\u00a0toho, jak se v\u00a0n\u011bm l\u00e1mou a\u00a0zpomaluj\u00ed seismick\u00e9 vlny po zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00edch, podobn\u011b jako l\u00e9ka\u0159 skl\u00e1d\u00e1 obraz t\u011bla z\u00a0ultrazvuku. \u017de je tahle mapa velmi p\u0159ibli\u017en\u00e1, uk\u00e1zala i\u00a0samotn\u00e1 Kola: Vrt nezastavila technika, ale teplota, kter\u00e1 se v\u00a0hloubce vy\u0161plhala ke 180\u00a0stup\u0148\u016fm Celsia, skoro dvojn\u00e1sobku toho, co geologov\u00e9 \u010dekali.<\/p>\n

P\u0159ejd\u011bme ale k\u00a0pozad\u00ed aktu\u00e1ln\u00edho rusk\u00e9ho pokusu. P\u0159edstavu, \u017ee ropa m\u00e1 anorganick\u00fd p\u016fvod, kdysi zpopularizoval Dmitrij Mend\u011blejev, autor zn\u00e1m\u00e9 periodick\u00e9 tabulky prvk\u016f. Rusk\u00fd chemik soudil, \u017ee uhlovod\u00edky prosakuj\u00edc\u00ed ze zemsk\u00e9ho pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b mohou nakonec vytvo\u0159it lo\u017eiska ropy. My\u0161lenka m\u011bla laboratorn\u00ed ko\u0159eny: Francouzsk\u00fd chemik Marcellin Berthelot a\u00a0s\u00e1m Mend\u011blejev v\u00a019.\u00a0stolet\u00ed nez\u00e1visle na sob\u011b uk\u00e1zali, \u017ee jednoduch\u00e9 uhlovod\u00edky mohou vzniknout reakc\u00ed vody na karbidy kov\u016f, tedy zcela bez \u017eivota.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

V\u011bdecky postavenou teorii z\u00a0toho ale a\u017e po druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce ud\u011blal geolog Nikolaj Kudrjavcev, kter\u00e9ho zast\u00e1nci dodnes pokl\u00e1daj\u00ed za otce modern\u00ed tzv. abiotick\u00e9 teorie<\/a>. V\u00a0roce 1951\u00a0ji zformuloval a\u00a0doplnil pravidlem, podle n\u011bj\u017e se v\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00e9 ropn\u00e9 oblasti uhlovod\u00edky objevuj\u00ed hned v\u00a0n\u011bkolika geologick\u00fdch patrech nad sebou. To m\u00e1 sv\u011bd\u010dit o\u00a0tom, \u017ee ropa proud\u00ed z\u00a0hloubky a\u00a0nevznik\u00e1 tedy na m\u00edst\u011b ze zbytk\u016f dinosaur\u016f, p\u0159esli\u010dek a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch usazenin.<\/p>\n

Kolem Kudrjavceva vyrostla cel\u00e1 rusko-ukrajinsk\u00e1 \u0161kola hlubinn\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu ropy, na Z\u00e1pad\u011b ov\u0161em z\u016fstala t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 bez vlivu, proto\u017ee publikovala hlavn\u011b v\u00a0ru\u0161tin\u011b. Sov\u011bt\u0161t\u00ed geologov\u00e9 se my\u0161lenky dr\u017eeli o\u00a0to pevn\u011bji, \u017ee je vl\u00e1da tla\u010dila k\u00a0hled\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00fdch dom\u00e1c\u00edch lo\u017eisek, kter\u00fdch tehdy SSSR mnoho nem\u011bl (alespo\u0148 objeven\u00fdch, ve skute\u010dnosti jich m\u011bl v\u00edce ne\u017e dost).<\/p>\n

\u017divot pod na\u0161ima nohama<\/p>\n

Na Z\u00e1pad\u011b prosazoval hypot\u00e9zu anorganick\u00e9 ropy Thomas Gold<\/a>, astrofyzik z\u00a0Cornellovy univerzity. Pat\u0159il k\u00a0v\u011bdc\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed se neb\u00e1li velk\u00fdch a\u00a0nepohodln\u00fdch domn\u011bnek: P\u0159ed p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00edm Apolla na M\u011bs\u00edci tvrdil, \u017ee povrch pokr\u00fdv\u00e1 vrstva prachu tak m\u011bkk\u00e1, \u017ee se do n\u00ed p\u0159ist\u00e1vac\u00ed modul zabo\u0159\u00ed. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b \u0159ada jeho n\u00e1pad\u016f (t\u0159eba to, \u017ee pulzary jsou rychle rotuj\u00edc\u00ed neutronov\u00e9 hv\u011bzdy) se potvrdila.<\/p>\n

Tato odvaha je p\u0159\u00edzna\u010dn\u00e1 i\u00a0pro jeho\u00a0teorii o\u00a0vzniku ropy, kterou p\u0159edstavil v\u00a0knize Hlubok\u00e1 hork\u00e1 biosf\u00e9ra z\u00a0roku 1999 (knihu u\u00a0n\u00e1s recenzovali V\u00e1clav C\u00edlek a\u00a0Anton Marko\u0161 ve voln\u011b dostupn\u00e9m \u010dl\u00e1nku pro Vesm\u00edr<\/a>). D\u00edlo stoj\u00ed na dvou my\u0161lenk\u00e1ch. Podle t\u00e9 prvn\u00ed je v\u011bt\u0161ina uhlovod\u00edk\u016f na Zemi anorganick\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu a\u00a0poch\u00e1z\u00ed z\u00a0kosmick\u00e9 hmoty, ze kter\u00e9 planeta vznikla; metan podle Golda stoup\u00e1 z\u00a0hloubek kolem 100\u00a0a\u017e 300\u00a0kilometr\u016f a\u00a0cestou vzh\u016fru se m\u011bn\u00ed na slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed uhlovod\u00edky. <\/p>\n

Druh\u00e1 my\u0161lenka je odv\u00e1\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed: V\u00a0puklin\u00e1ch a\u00a0p\u00f3rech hornin a\u017e n\u011bkolik kilometr\u016f pod povrchem \u017eije rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 spole\u010denstv\u00ed mikrob\u016f, kter\u00e9 se t\u00edmto vzestupn\u00fdm metanem \u017eiv\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Ob\u011b poloviny se navz\u00e1jem pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed, by\u0165 jinak, ne\u017e by se na prvn\u00ed pohled zd\u00e1lo. Samotn\u00e9 uhlovod\u00edky vznikaj\u00ed u\u00a0Golda chemicky, bez p\u0159isp\u011bn\u00ed \u017eivota. Biosf\u00e9ra mu ale \u0159e\u0161\u00ed nejt\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9m cel\u00e9 teorie. Ropa, kterou dnes t\u011b\u017e\u00edme a\u00a0zkoum\u00e1me, v\u00a0sob\u011b toti\u017e nese z\u0159eteln\u00e9 biologick\u00e9 stopy. Pro v\u011bt\u0161inu geolog\u016f je to d\u016fkazem, \u017ee ropa poch\u00e1z\u00ed z\u00a0d\u00e1vn\u00fdch organism\u016f. Gold tvrzen\u00ed obrac\u00ed. Ropa je podle n\u011bj v\u00a0j\u00e1dru geologick\u00fd materi\u00e1l, kter\u00e9mu biologick\u00fd n\u00e1dech dodaly a\u017e mikroby \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed v\u00a0hlubin\u00e1ch (kter\u00e9 tam skute\u010dn\u011b dnes objevujeme).<\/p>\n

Prvn\u00ed domn\u011bnku\u00a0\u2013 \u017ee ropa vznik\u00e1 hluboko a\u00a0sama se pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u011b dopl\u0148uje\u00a0\u2013 dne\u0161n\u00ed v\u011bda nep\u0159ijala. Existence rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 podpovrchov\u00e9 biosf\u00e9ry se ov\u0161em postupn\u011b potvrdila. Mikrobi skute\u010dn\u011b \u017eij\u00ed v\u00a0hornin\u00e1ch kilometry hluboko a\u00a0podle odhadu konsorcia<\/a> Deep Carbon Observatory z\u00a0roku 2018\u00a0v\u00e1\u017e\u00ed uhl\u00edk v\u00a0nich ulo\u017een\u00fd 15\u00a0a\u017e 23\u00a0miliard tun.<\/p>\n

Ropa i\u00a0mimo Zemi?<\/p>\n

Gold \u0161el je\u0161t\u011b d\u00e1l a\u00a0soudil, \u017ee podobn\u00fdch hlubok\u00fdch tepl\u00fdch biosf\u00e9r m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ve Slune\u010dn\u00ed soustav\u011b v\u00edc\u00a0\u2013 t\u0159eba pod ledem Jupiterova m\u011bs\u00edce Europa nebo pod povrchem Marsu. I\u00a0d\u00edky n\u011bmu tak dnes \u017eivot hled\u00e1me i\u00a0tam, kde slunce nesv\u00edt\u00ed a\u00a0kde by chemick\u00e1 energie poch\u00e1zela z\u00a0reakc\u00ed vody s\u00a0horninou; tyt\u00e9\u017e reakce um\u011bj\u00ed vyrobit i\u00a0metan, kter\u00fd Gold pokl\u00e1dal za palivo sv\u00fdch \u201ehlubok\u00fdch biosf\u00e9r\u201c.<\/p>\n

Na Marsu sondy ob\u010das nam\u011b\u0159\u00ed stopy metanu<\/a>, i\u00a0kdy\u017e se odborn\u00edci p\u0159ou o\u00a0jeho p\u016fvod i\u00a0mno\u017estv\u00ed. V\u00a0gejz\u00edrech Saturnova m\u011bs\u00edce Enceladus zase sonda Cassini zachytila vod\u00edk<\/a>, kter\u00fd by mohl existenci takov\u00e9 biosf\u00e9ry alespo\u0148 teoreticky umo\u017e\u0148ovat. Nic z\u00a0toho samo o\u00a0sob\u011b nedokazuje existenci mimozemsk\u00e9ho \u017eivota. Goldova p\u0159edstava podzemn\u00edch o\u00e1z nebyla bl\u00e1zniv\u00e1, jen p\u0159edb\u011bhla dobu.<\/p>\n

Mimochodem, svou teorii se Gold pokusil i\u00a0prakticky dolo\u017eit. V\u00a0polovin\u011b 80.\u00a0let p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dil \u0161v\u00e9dsk\u00fd st\u00e1t k\u00a0vrtu v\u00a0\u017eulov\u00e9m masivu v\u00a0kr\u00e1teru Siljan, kter\u00fd p\u0159ed zhruba 360\u00a0miliony let vyhloubil dopad meteoritu. Aby pro my\u0161lenku z\u00edskal pen\u00edze, nato\u010dil tehdy, jak na \u017eule p\u0159ikryl oby\u010dejnou lou\u017ei igelitovou f\u00f3li\u00ed, prop\u00edchl ji a\u00a0nad d\u00edrkou \u0161krtl sirkou\u00a0\u2013 unikaj\u00edc\u00ed metan vzpl\u00e1l a\u017e p\u016flmetrov\u00fdm plamenem.<\/p>\n

Skute\u010dnost tak oslniv\u00e1 nebyla. Projekt Gravberg-1\u00a0spolkl des\u00edtky milion\u016f dolar\u016f a\u00a0dos\u00e1hl hloubky kolem sedmi kilometr\u016f, komer\u010dn\u011b vyu\u017eiteln\u00e9 lo\u017eisko ale nep\u0159inesl. Vyt\u00e1hl n\u011bkolik des\u00edtek litr\u016f \u010dern\u00e9ho olejovit\u00e9ho kalu, \u010d\u00e1st odborn\u00edk\u016f v\u0161ak nam\u00edtla, \u017ee nejde o\u00a0hlubinnou ropu, n\u00fdbr\u017e o\u00a0zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vrtn\u00fdm mazivem.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Jasn\u00fdch d\u016fkaz\u016f pro domn\u011bnku je obecn\u011b velmi m\u00e1lo (a i\u00a0proto je \u201eokrajov\u00e1\u201c). Nikdy se nena\u0161lo komer\u010dn\u011b zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 lo\u017eisko, jeho\u017e vznik by ne\u0161lo vysv\u011btlit klasicky, tedy biologickou cestou, jak shrnuje studie<\/a> v\u00a0\u010dasopise Marine and Petroleum Geology.<\/p>\n

Jak by to cht\u011bl zm\u011bnit a\u00a0dolo\u017eit t\u00fdm z\u00a0Petrohradsk\u00e9 hornick\u00e9 univerzity veden\u00fd Litvin\u011bnkem, nen\u00ed zcela jasn\u00e9. Podrobnost\u00ed o\u00a0projektu je m\u00e1lo, v\u010detn\u011b toho, jak\u00fd d\u016fkaz anorganick\u00e9 ropy vlastn\u011b badatel\u00e9 \u010dekaj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Rusk\u00fd projekt nav\u00edc m\u00ed\u0159\u00ed mnohem hloub\u011bji, ne\u017e kam sah\u00e1 b\u011b\u017en\u00e1 t\u011b\u017eba. Konven\u010dn\u00ed ropu \u010derp\u00e1me z\u00a0hloubek jednoho a\u017e t\u0159\u00ed kilometr\u016f, vrty v\u00a0Komi maj\u00ed j\u00edt k\u00a0osmi. Ka\u017ed\u00fd kilometr dol\u016f p\u0159itom vrt\u00e1n\u00ed prudce zdra\u017euje a\u00a0zpomaluje. I\u00a0kdyby se tedy v\u00a0hloubce ropa rodila, byla by to drah\u00e1 a\u00a0\u0161patn\u011b dostupn\u00e1 surovina.<\/p>\n

Ve vystoupen\u00ed na konferenci v\u00a0roce 2023\u00a0Litvin\u011bnko pouk\u00e1zal na jin\u00fd superhlubok\u00fd vrt<\/a> \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tn\u00edho petrochemick\u00e9ho giganta Sinopec, kter\u00fd m\u011bl \u00fadajn\u011b uk\u00e1zat ropu prosakuj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00a0velk\u00fdch hloubek a\u00a0dopl\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed tradi\u010dn\u00ed lo\u017eiska.<\/p>\n

Studie o\u00a0v\u011bdeck\u00e9m v\u00fdznamu tohoto projektu, vydan\u00e1 loni v\u00a0\u010dasopise Petroleum Exploration and Development<\/a>, se ov\u0161em o\u00a0anorganick\u00e9m vzniku ropy v\u016fbec nezmi\u0148uje. N\u00e1lezy r\u00e1muje docela klasicky, mluv\u00ed o\u00a0funk\u010dn\u00edch zdrojov\u00fdch hornin\u00e1ch a\u00a0b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 rop\u011b. Pole \u0160un-pej, k\u00a0n\u011bmu\u017e projekt m\u00ed\u0159\u00ed, je tak sp\u00ed\u0161 dokladem vrtn\u00e9ho umu (49\u00a0tamn\u00edch vrt\u016f sah\u00e1 hloub\u011bji ne\u017e osm kilometr\u016f) ne\u017e d\u016fkazem ropy z\u00a0nitra Zem\u011b.<\/p>\n

Rusko proti zbytku sv\u011bta<\/p>\n

J\u00e1dro teorie nelze jednodu\u0161e ozna\u010dit za nesmysl. \u017de n\u011bkter\u00e9 uhlovod\u00edky, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm metan, vznikaj\u00ed i\u00a0bez \u017eivota, je dolo\u017een\u00e9\u00a0\u2013 rod\u00ed se p\u0159i reakci vody s\u00a0horninami zemsk\u00e9ho pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b, na podmo\u0159sk\u00fdch v\u00fdv\u011brech i\u00a0hluboko v\u00a0k\u016f\u0159e. Od metanu je ale k\u00a0bohat\u00fdm lo\u017eisk\u016fm kapaln\u00e9 ropy dost daleko a\u00a0vysv\u011btlen\u00ed p\u0159em\u011bnou p\u016fvodn\u00ed biologick\u00e9 hmoty v\u00a0hloubk\u00e1ch v\u00a0mnoha ohledech \u201esed\u00ed\u201c l\u00e9pe. Co\u017e ov\u0161em nen\u00ed d\u016fkaz, \u017ee takov\u00e9 procesy spont\u00e1nn\u00edho vzniku v\u016fbec neprob\u00edhaj\u00ed\u00a0\u2013 je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee ropa vznik\u00e1 t\u0159eba ob\u011bma zp\u016fsoby.<\/p>\n

Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 je ov\u0161em rychlost, nikoliv zp\u016fsob vzniku. O \u201eobnoviteln\u00e9m a\u00a0nekone\u010dn\u00e9m\u201c zdroji ropy bychom mohli mluvit pouze v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee by vznikala stejn\u011b rychle, jako ji t\u011b\u017e\u00edme. A\u00a0to se ve velk\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku na vrtech ned\u011bje. Dokud \u010derp\u00e1me uhlovod\u00edky rychleji, ne\u017e nov\u00e9 vznikaj\u00ed, z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 ropa neobnoviteln\u00fdm zdrojem. I\u00a0kdyby uhlovod\u00edky v\u00a0hloubce skute\u010dn\u011b vznikaly, nejsp\u00ed\u0161e se to bude d\u00edt v\u00a0m\u011b\u0159\u00edtk\u00e1ch geologick\u00e9ho \u010dasu, kde\u017eto my je pumpujeme v\u00a0tempu lidsk\u00e9m.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

I tak je pochopiteln\u00e9, pro\u010d v\u00a0Rusku, kter\u00e9 pat\u0159\u00ed k\u00a0nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm producent\u016fm ropy na sv\u011bt\u011b a\u00a0zakl\u00e1d\u00e1 na nich sv\u016fj ekonomick\u00fd i\u00a0politick\u00fd syst\u00e9m, m\u00e1 my\u0161lenka mnohem dominantn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e kdekoliv jinde na sv\u011bt\u011b. <\/p>\n

Na pap\u00ed\u0159e rusk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 klimatick\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy OSN i\u00a0vlastn\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00ed anal\u00fdzy, kter\u00e9 rizika oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed pro Rusko popisuj\u00ed. Litvin\u011bnko ale podobn\u011b jako s\u00e1m Putin opakovan\u011b zpochybnil pod\u00edl fosiln\u00edch paliv na zm\u011bn\u011b klimatu i\u00a0pot\u0159ebu p\u0159echodu k\u00a0obnoviteln\u00fdm zdroj\u016fm. Vidina nekone\u010dn\u00e9 ropy nav\u00edc m\u016f\u017ee uti\u0161it obavy v\u00a0Komi, jednom z\u00a0kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch ropn\u00fdch region\u016f zem\u011b, kde z\u00e1soby doch\u00e1zej\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Neroz\u0159e\u0161en\u00e1 v\u011bdeck\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka p\u016fvodu ropy se tak v\u00a0Rusku n\u011bkdy r\u00e1muje jako spor dvou ideologick\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f. Litvin\u011bnko v\u00a0ji\u017e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9m koment\u00e1\u0159i napsal, \u017ee z\u00e1padn\u00ed experti hypot\u00e9zu o\u00a0abiotick\u00e9m vzniku ropy nepr\u00e1vem p\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017eej\u00ed a\u00a0pon\u011bkud odv\u00e1\u017en\u011b p\u0159irovnal jej\u00ed osud k\u00a0pron\u00e1sledov\u00e1n\u00ed genetiky<\/a> sv\u00e9ho \u010dasu v\u00a0Sov\u011btsk\u00e9m svazu. P\u0159irovn\u00e1n\u00ed kulh\u00e1 na ob\u011b nohy\u00a0\u2013 genetiku tehdy st\u00e1t ideologicky zak\u00e1zal jako bur\u017eoazn\u00ed pav\u011bdu, kde\u017eto o\u00a0my\u0161lenku abiotick\u00e9 ropy prost\u011b nen\u00ed velk\u00fd z\u00e1jem\u00a0\u2013 ale v\u00a0rusk\u00e9m kontextu se nab\u00edz\u00ed zcela pochopiteln\u011b.<\/p>\n

Cel\u00fd projekt je tak\u00e9 dobr\u00fdm p\u0159ipomenut\u00edm toho, jak m\u00e1lo vlastn\u011b v\u00edme o\u00a0surovin\u00e1ch, na kter\u00fdch vznikla velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st modern\u00ed civilizace. Mechanismus, j\u00edm\u017e ropa vznik\u00e1 z\u00a0d\u00e1vn\u00e9ho \u017eivota, geologov\u00e9 popsali pom\u011brn\u011b dob\u0159e. Ale kolik j\u00ed v\u00a0zemi celkem je, jak\u00fdm d\u00edlem do mno\u017estv\u00ed z\u00e1sob promlouv\u00e1 ne\u017eiv\u00e1 chemie a\u00a0co v\u0161echno se odehr\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u00e1r kilometr\u016f pod na\u0161ima nohama, z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 z\u00a0velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti ot\u00e1zkou.<\/p>\n

V tomto ohledu ze sv\u00e9 planety zn\u00e1me opravdu jen jej\u00ed slupku. Jak \u0159\u00edkal v\u00a0mnoha ohledech origin\u00e1ln\u00ed Thomas Gold, jsme \u201epovrchov\u00ed \u0161ovinist\u00e9\u201c.<\/p>\n

V pln\u00e9 verzi newsletteru TechMIX toho najdete je\u0161t\u011b mnohem v\u00edc. P\u0159ihlaste se k\u00a0odb\u011bru<\/a> a\u00a0budete ho dost\u00e1vat ka\u017edou st\u0159edu p\u0159\u00edmo do sv\u00e9 e-mailov\u00e9 schr\u00e1nky.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u010ctete uk\u00e1zku z\u00a0newsletteru TechMIX, ve kter\u00e9m Pavel Kas\u00edk a\u00a0Matou\u0161 L\u00e1z\u0148ovsk\u00fd ka\u017edou st\u0159edu p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed hned n\u011bkolik koment\u00e1\u0159\u016f a\u00a0post\u0159eh\u016f ze…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":129142,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[11],"tags":[3768,6292,205,61,54,2232,3199,77,34877,53,52,2156],"class_list":["post-129141","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-svet","tag-fosilni-paliva","tag-geologie","tag-ropa","tag-rusko","tag-svet","tag-techmix","tag-tezba","tag-veda","tag-vrty","tag-world","tag-world-news","tag-zemni-plyn"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116810188671376314","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/129141","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=129141"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/129141\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/129142"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=129141"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=129141"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=129141"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}