{"id":130915,"date":"2026-06-27T05:25:20","date_gmt":"2026-06-27T05:25:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/130915\/"},"modified":"2026-06-27T05:25:20","modified_gmt":"2026-06-27T05:25:20","slug":"stihani-viniku-asadova-rezimu-v-syrii-provazeji-silici-utoky-proti-alavitum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/130915\/","title":{"rendered":"St\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed vin\u00edk\u016f Asadova re\u017eimu v\u00a0S\u00fdrii prov\u00e1zej\u00ed s\u00edl\u00edc\u00ed \u00fatoky proti alavit\u016fm"},"content":{"rendered":"

S\u00fdrie se pomalu vyma\u0148uje z\u00a0n\u00e1sledk\u016f b\u00fdval\u00e9ho dikt\u00e1torsk\u00e9ho re\u017eimu rodiny Asadov\u00fdch, \u010d\u00e1st syrsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti ale nechce \u010dekat na pomal\u00e9 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed zm\u011bny a\u00a0vol\u00e1 po okam\u017eit\u00e9 spravedlnosti.<\/p>\n

\u201eJsi alavita, podporuje\u0161 Asada,\u201c zn\u00ed \u010dasto obvin\u011bn\u00ed v\u016f\u010di p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016fm alavitsk\u00e9 men\u0161iny, z\u00a0n\u00ed\u017e poch\u00e1z\u00ed i\u00a0b\u00fdval\u00fd prezident Ba\u0161\u00e1r Asad. B\u011bhem minul\u00e9ho t\u00fddne lid\u00e9 vy\u0161li do ulic, hrozili alavit\u016fm a\u00a0na n\u011bkter\u00fdch m\u00edstech do\u0161lo i\u00a0k n\u00e1siln\u00fdm st\u0159et\u016fm. Podle jednoho z\u00a0p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016f t\u00e9to n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 men\u0161iny se ale situace v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch ohledech zlep\u0161ila. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed obavy podle n\u011bj nevyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 nov\u00e1 vl\u00e1da jako takov\u00e1, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e p\u016fsoben\u00ed extremistick\u00fdch skupin a\u00a0rozkol mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdmi komunitami, jak \u0159ekl v\u00a0rozhovoru s\u00a0\u010cTK.<\/p>\n

P\u0159esto\u017ee byl Asad alavita, ani p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edci t\u00e9to komunity nebyli podle n\u011bkter\u00fdch jej\u00edch p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016f u\u0161et\u0159eni strachu a\u00a0repres\u00ed re\u017eimu.<\/p>\n

\u201eDnes se c\u00edt\u00edm v\u00fdrazn\u011b bezpe\u010dn\u011bji. Alavit\u00e9, a\u0165 u\u017e um\u011blci, intelektu\u00e1lov\u00e9, nebo lid\u00e9 z\u00a0chud\u0161\u00edch pom\u011br\u016f, byli dlouhodob\u011b pod tlakem a\u00a0\u010dasto byli nuceni nastoupit do vojensk\u00e9 slu\u017eby. Ti, kte\u0159\u00ed \u017eili v\u00a0p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b sunnitsk\u00fdch oblastech, nav\u00edc \u010delili zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9mu riziku n\u00e1sil\u00ed,\u201c \u0159ekl Al\u00ed, jeho\u017e jm\u00e9no \u010cTK z\u00a0bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch d\u016fvod\u016f zm\u011bnila. \u201eOby\u010dejn\u00ed alavit\u00e9 byli tak\u00e9 ter\u010dem zastra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0poni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed ze strany Asadov\u00fdch bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch slo\u017eek,\u201c dodal.<\/p>\n

V dama\u0161sk\u00e9 \u010dtvrti Mezze propukly minul\u00fd t\u00fdden protesty, p\u0159i kter\u00fdch demonstranti po\u017eadovali potrest\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016f takzvan\u00fdch \u0161ab\u00edha, ozbrojen\u00fdch milic podporovan\u00fdch minul\u00fdm re\u017eimem, a\u00a0Asadov\u00fdch stoupenc\u016f. Demonstrace se roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ily tak\u00e9 do dama\u0161sk\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bst\u00ed Tad\u00e1mun a\u00a0Barza a\u00a0do dal\u0161\u00edch m\u011bst, v\u010detn\u011b Aleppa (Halabu), Idl\u00edbu, Dajr az-Zauru a\u00a0Rakky.<\/p>\n

Na n\u011bkter\u00fdch m\u00edstech v\u0161ak protesty z\u00edskaly sekt\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd rozm\u011br a\u00a0jejich ter\u010dem se stali alavit\u00e9 bez ohledu na to, zda m\u011bli s\u00a0b\u00fdval\u00fdm re\u017eimem cokoli spole\u010dn\u00e9ho. Des\u00edtky demonstrant\u016f se pokusily vstoupit do dama\u0161sk\u00fdch \u010dtvrt\u00ed ob\u00fdvan\u00fdch p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b alavity. Podle jednoho ze sv\u011bdk\u016f v\u00fdtr\u017en\u00edci vtrhli do jeho obchodu, zbili ho obu\u0161ky a\u00a0p\u0159i tom ho slovn\u011b ur\u00e1\u017eeli, uvedla<\/a> za\u010d\u00e1tkem t\u00fddne organizace na ochranu lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v Human Rights Watch (HRW).<\/p>\n

\u201eSy\u0159an\u00e9 maj\u00ed pln\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo po\u017eadovat spravedlnost, ale spravedlnost by se nikdy nem\u011bla st\u00e1t z\u00e1minkou pro c\u00edlen\u00ed na lidi jen kv\u016fli jejich n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed nebo p\u016fvodu. Syrsk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady musej\u00ed tuto hranici jasn\u011b stanovit,\u201c zd\u016fraznila hlavn\u00ed poradkyn\u011b pro odd\u011blen\u00ed Bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho v\u00fdchodu a\u00a0severn\u00ed Afriky Hiba Zayadinov\u00e1 z\u00a0HRW.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Mnoh\u00e9 z\u00e1kony z\u00a0\u00e9ry b\u00fdval\u00e9ho re\u017eimu st\u00e1le z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed v\u00a0platnosti a\u00a0podle odborn\u00edk\u016f potrv\u00e1 je\u0161t\u011b n\u011bkolik let, ne\u017e se zem\u011b politicky zm\u011bn\u00ed. D\u016fle\u017eitou ot\u00e1zkou z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1, jak potrestat lidi, kte\u0159\u00ed se za b\u00fdval\u00e9ho re\u017eimu pod\u00edleli na masakrech a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch zlo\u010dinech.<\/p>\n

Ve st\u0159edu za\u010dal v\u00a0Dama\u0161ku soudn\u00ed proces s\u00a0Vas\u00edmem Asadem, bratrancem Ba\u0161\u00e1ra Asada, na z\u00e1klad\u011b obvin\u011bn\u00ed z\u00a0\u00fa\u010dasti na v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch zlo\u010dinech sp\u00e1chan\u00fdch v\u00a0roce 2011.\u00a0Ve \u010dtvrtek pak za\u010dal soudn\u00ed proces s\u00a0b\u00fdval\u00fdm syrsk\u00fdm muft\u00edm Ahmadem Hass\u00fanem, kter\u00fd je obvin\u011bn z\u00a0podn\u011bcov\u00e1n\u00ed Asadova re\u017eimu k\u00a0zab\u00edjen\u00ed, mizen\u00ed a\u00a0mu\u010den\u00ed statis\u00edc\u016f lid\u00ed. V\u00a0ned\u011bli se m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 uskute\u010dnit proces s\u00a0Amd\u017eadem J\u00fasifem, hlavn\u00edm podez\u0159el\u00fdm z\u00a0masakru ve \u010dtvrti Tad\u00e1mun na ji\u017en\u00edm p\u0159edm\u011bst\u00ed Dama\u0161ku, kde byly v\u00a0roce 2013\u00a0za Asadovy vl\u00e1dy popraveny stovky civilist\u016f.<\/p>\n

Al\u00ed, kter\u00fd se \u017eiv\u00ed jako hudebn\u00ed skladatel, p\u0159izn\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee poci\u0165uje strach zejm\u00e9na ze strany extremist\u016f. \u201eJist\u011b, te\u010f tu panuje trochu strach, ale ne od sunnitsk\u00fdch p\u0159\u00e1tel; sp\u00ed\u0161e od extremist\u016f a\u00a0fanatik\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se zdr\u017euj\u00ed jen v\u00a0ur\u010dit\u00fdch oblastech a\u00a0je jich m\u00e1lo. Dokud jsem od t\u011bchto oblast\u00ed daleko, c\u00edt\u00edm se bezpe\u010dn\u011b,\u201c vysv\u011btluje Al\u00ed.<\/p>\n

B\u00fdval\u00e1 vl\u00e1da Ba\u0161\u00e1ra Asada se op\u00edrala zejm\u00e9na o\u00a0bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed a\u00a0vojensk\u00fd apar\u00e1t, v\u00a0n\u011bm\u017e byli p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edci alavitsk\u00e9 men\u0161iny v\u00fdrazn\u011b zastoupeni a\u00a0z n\u011bho\u017e poch\u00e1zela \u0159ada kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch politick\u00fdch a\u00a0bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch p\u0159edstavitel\u016f. Za ob\u010dansk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky, kter\u00e1 trvala t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 14\u00a0let, vedl re\u017eim rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 \u00fatoky proti oblastem ovl\u00e1dan\u00fdm opozic\u00ed, je\u017e tvo\u0159ili p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b sunnit\u00e9. Ter\u010dem intenzivn\u00edho bombardov\u00e1n\u00ed se staly zejm\u00e9na sunnitsk\u00e9 \u010dtvrti a\u00a0m\u011bsta, nap\u0159\u00edklad Aleppo (Halab), Homs \u010di v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Gh\u00fata na p\u0159edm\u011bst\u00ed Dama\u0161ku. Podle organizac\u00ed na ochranu lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v re\u017eim opakovan\u011b \u00fato\u010dil na civiln\u00ed infrastrukturu, v\u010detn\u011b nemocnic a\u00a0\u0161kol.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Po p\u00e1du re\u017eimu, kdy vl\u00e1du svrhla p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b sunnitsk\u00e1 islamistick\u00e1 skupina Haj\u00e1t Tahr\u00edr a\u0161-\u0160\u00e1m (HTS) ze severn\u00ed provincie Idl\u00edb, se karty obr\u00e1tily. Alavit\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed byli des\u00edtky let spojov\u00e1ni s\u00a0vl\u00e1dnouc\u00edmi strukturami, o\u00a0sv\u00e9 v\u00fdsadn\u00ed postaven\u00ed p\u0159i\u0161li. Politick\u00fd vliv nyn\u00ed z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm sunnit\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1rove\u0148 tvo\u0159\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inu syrsk\u00e9 populace.<\/p>\n

\u201eJako \u010dlen alavitsk\u00e9 komunity si mysl\u00edm, \u017ee bychom m\u011bli vn\u00edmat sou\u010dasnou situaci jako jedine\u010dnou p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost odpoutat se od spojov\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0b\u00fdval\u00fdm re\u017eimem. Tento re\u017eim alavitskou komunitu nereprezentoval; slou\u017eil p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm vlastn\u00edm z\u00e1jm\u016fm a\u00a0z\u00e1jm\u016fm vl\u00e1dnouc\u00ed rodiny,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Al\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Organizace HRW v\u00a0\u00fater\u00fd varovala, \u017ee podobn\u00e9 sekt\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 st\u0159ety a\u00a0nap\u011bt\u00ed v\u00a0zemi mohou v\u00e9st k\u00a0v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1silnostem. Na tom se shoduje i\u00a0\u0159ada m\u00edstn\u00edch. \u201ePokud to takhle bude pokra\u010dovat, brzy p\u0159ijde dal\u0161\u00ed povst\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b ze strany sunnit\u016f,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 rozhodn\u00fdm hlasem jeden m\u00edstn\u00ed Sy\u0159an.<\/p>\n

Zejm\u00e9na \u010d\u00e1st liber\u00e1ln\u011b sm\u00fd\u0161lej\u00edc\u00edch sunnit\u016f novou vl\u00e1du nepodporuje a\u00a0ob\u00e1v\u00e1 se jej\u00edho konzervativn\u00edho sm\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0minulosti spojen\u00e9 s\u00a0teroristickou organizac\u00ed al-K\u00e1ida, v\u010detn\u011b jej\u00edho pod\u00edlu na \u00fatoc\u00edch proti civilist\u016fm.<\/p>\n

\u0158ada lid\u00ed se \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l v\u00edce ob\u00e1v\u00e1 rozkolu uvnit\u0159 jednotliv\u00fdch komunit ne\u017e p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9ho st\u0159etu s\u00a0vl\u00e1dou. \u201ePo Asadov\u011b p\u00e1du Sy\u0159an\u00e9 hledaj\u00ed svou identitu a\u00a0\u010dasto se vz\u00e1jemn\u011b obvi\u0148uj\u00ed ze zlo\u010din\u016f sp\u00e1chan\u00fdch v\u00a0minulosti,\u201c \u0159ekla archeolo\u017eka Lajla, jej\u00ed\u017e jm\u00e9no \u010cTK rovn\u011b\u017e z\u00a0bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch d\u016fvod\u016f zm\u011bnila.<\/p>\n

V zemi nad\u00e1le p\u0159etrv\u00e1v\u00e1 mentalita oko za oko, zub za zub a\u00a0roste skepse v\u016f\u010di krok\u016fm vl\u00e1dy, kter\u00e1 dosud nedok\u00e1zala situaci \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b \u0159e\u0161it. S\u00fdrie se z\u00e1rove\u0148 pot\u00fdk\u00e1 s\u00a0hlubokou ekonomickou kriz\u00ed. Mnoho lid\u00ed si nem\u016f\u017ee dovolit ani z\u00e1kladn\u00ed potraviny a\u00a0v\u00edce ne\u017e 90\u00a0procent obyvatelstva \u017eije pod hranic\u00ed chudoby, jak na za\u010d\u00e1tku roku uvedla<\/a> Syrsk\u00e1 s\u00ed\u0165 pro lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va (SNHR).<\/p>\n

Al\u00ed je naopak vcelku optimista, nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed riziko podle n\u011bj p\u0159edstavuje vliv z\u00e1padn\u00edch zem\u00ed a\u00a0hlavn\u011b americk\u00e9 sankce, kv\u016fli kter\u00fdm se zem\u011b st\u00e1le pot\u00fdk\u00e1 s\u00a0hlubokou ekonomickou kriz\u00ed. \u201eSituaci zhor\u0161uje p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed kultura z\u00e1vislosti na pomoci druh\u00fdch a\u00a0pasivn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup k\u00a0\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016f, kter\u00e9 podle n\u011bkter\u00fdch zako\u0159enily za vl\u00e1dy b\u00fdval\u00e9ho re\u017eimu,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Al\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u201eDemonstrace se nav\u00edc pro \u010d\u00e1st spole\u010dnosti staly sp\u00ed\u0161e m\u00f3dn\u00edm trendem, ani\u017e by byly schopny z\u00e1sadn\u011b zm\u011bnit st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed realitu. Existuj\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsoby, jak \u0159e\u0161it probl\u00e9my, jim\u017e Sy\u0159an\u00e9 \u010del\u00ed,\u201c vysv\u011btluje um\u011blec.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"S\u00fdrie se pomalu vyma\u0148uje z\u00a0n\u00e1sledk\u016f b\u00fdval\u00e9ho dikt\u00e1torsk\u00e9ho re\u017eimu rodiny Asadov\u00fdch, \u010d\u00e1st syrsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti ale nechce \u010dekat na pomal\u00e9…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":130916,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[11],"tags":[22678,2837,1809,54,1304,53,52],"class_list":["post-130915","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-svet","tag-basar-hafiz-al-asad","tag-demonstrace","tag-protesty","tag-svet","tag-syrie","tag-world","tag-world-news"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116820412476114198","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/130915","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=130915"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/130915\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/130916"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=130915"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=130915"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=130915"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}