{"id":131396,"date":"2026-06-27T14:41:13","date_gmt":"2026-06-27T14:41:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/131396\/"},"modified":"2026-06-27T14:41:13","modified_gmt":"2026-06-27T14:41:13","slug":"osel-cz-termodynamicke-pojeti-gravitace-vysvetli-vesmir-bez-temne-energie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/131396\/","title":{"rendered":":: OSEL.CZ :: &#8211; Termodynamick\u00e9 pojet\u00ed gravitace vysv\u011btl\u00ed vesm\u00edr bez temn\u00e9 energie"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a rel=\"clanek nofollow noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.osel.cz\/popisek.php?popisek=44653&amp;img=an-exploration-of-grav.jpeg\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Kauz\u00e1n\u00ed diamant pro odvozen\u00ed gravitace z\u00a0termodynamiky. Kredit: Isichei &amp; Magueijo (2026), Physical Review Letters.\" src=\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/s_an-exploration-of-grav.jpeg\" alt=\"Kauz\u00e1n\u00ed diamant pro odvozen\u00ed gravitace z\u00a0termodynamiky. Kredit: Isichei &amp; Magueijo (2026), Physical Review Letters.\"\/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Kauz\u00e1n\u00ed diamant pro odvozen\u00ed gravitace z\u00a0termodynamiky. Kredit: Isichei &amp; Magueijo (2026), Physical Review Letters.<\/p>\n<p>Gravitaci dnes popisuje p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm Einsteinova obecn\u00e1 relativita. Podle n\u00ed je gravitace projevem zak\u0159iven\u00ed \u010dasoprostoru, tak\u017ee vlastn\u011b geometrick\u00e1 z\u00e1le\u017eitost. P\u0159esto\u017ee je obecn\u00e1 relativita dne\u0161n\u00ed mainstreamovou teori\u00ed gravitace, st\u00e1le tu jsou kosmologick\u00e9 z\u00e1hady, kter\u00e9 se vzp\u011b\u010duj\u00ed vysv\u011btlen\u00ed. Jde nap\u0159\u00edklad o probl\u00e9m kosmologick\u00e9 konstanty, dosud neobjasn\u011bn\u00fd rozpor mezi pozorovanou energi\u00ed pr\u00e1zdn\u00e9ho prostoru a mnohon\u00e1sobn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00edmi hodnotami, kter\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u00eddaj\u00ed kvantov\u00e9 teorie.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><a rel=\"clanek nofollow noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.osel.cz\/popisek.php?popisek=44654&amp;img=magueijo.jpeg\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Jo\u00e3o Magueijo. Kredit: Imperial College London.\" src=\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/s_magueijo.jpeg\" alt=\"Jo\u00e3o Magueijo. Kredit: Imperial College London.\"\/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Jo\u00e3o Magueijo. Kredit: Imperial College London.<\/p>\n<p>Raymond Isichei a Jo\u00e3o Magueijo z Imperial College London to vzali z\u00a0jin\u00e9ho \u00fahlu pohledu. Pokusili se popsat gravitaci pomoc\u00ed termodynamiky, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e jejich pr\u00e1ce navazuje na 30 let starou studii teoretick\u00e9ho fyzika Teda Jacobsona. Jak \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Magueijo, Jacobson obr\u00e1til logiku argument\u016f Stephena Hawkinga a Jacoba Bekensteina. Zat\u00edmco oni uk\u00e1zali, \u017ee Einsteinova gravitace m\u00e1 teplotu a entropii, Jacobson vyu\u017eil z\u00e1kony termodynamiky k odvozen\u00ed samotn\u00e9 Einsteinovy gravitace.<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">Magueijo \u00fadajn\u011b dos\u00e1hl pr\u016flomu a\u017e ned\u00e1vno, kdy\u017e d\u011blal kdov\u00edco na odlehl\u00e9m \u0159eck\u00e9m ostrov\u011b. Tam se rozhodl zkusit popsat gravitaci \u010dist\u011b z hlediska termodynamiky, ani\u017e by p\u0159edem p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dal, jak\u00e1 gravita\u010dn\u00ed teorie z toho nakonec vzejde. Doufal, \u017ee t\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem objev\u00ed zcela nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti, kter\u00e9 dosud nikoho nenapadly.<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><a rel=\"clanek nofollow noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.osel.cz\/popisek.php?popisek=44655&amp;img=raymond-crop.jpeg\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Raymond Isichei. Kredit: IOP.\" src=\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/s_raymond-crop.jpeg\" alt=\"Raymond Isichei. Kredit: IOP.\"\/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Raymond Isichei. Kredit: IOP.<\/p>\n<p>Spole\u010dn\u011b s Rayem Isicheiem zkoumali gravitaci optikou termodynamik. Popsali ji pomoc\u00ed Ottova cyklu, tedy termodynamick\u00e9ho procesu, na n\u011bm\u017e jsou zalo\u017eeny z\u00e1\u017eehov\u00e9 benzinov\u00e9 motory. Polo\u017eili si ot\u00e1zku, co se stane, pokud termodynamick\u00fd proces stoj\u00edc\u00ed za gravitac\u00ed nebude jen tokem tepla. V b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 termodynamice teplo t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nikdy nen\u00ed jedin\u00fdm d\u011bjem. Mohou tam prob\u00edhat chemick\u00e9 reakce, expanze proti p\u00edstu, vykon\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1ce nebo dal\u0161\u00ed procesy.<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">K jejich p\u0159ekvapen\u00ed z\u00a0takto odvozen\u00e9 gravita\u010dn\u00ed teorie vyplynulo, \u017ee hmota i energie mohou vznikat nebo zanikat, co\u017e naru\u0161uje p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 z\u00e1kony o zachov\u00e1n\u00ed hmoty a energie. Za norm\u00e1ln\u00edch okolnost\u00ed by b\u011b\u017en\u00e1 hmota m\u011bla rozp\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed vesm\u00edru zpomalovat svou gravitac\u00ed. To ale p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 platnost obvykl\u00fdch z\u00e1kon\u016f zachov\u00e1n\u00ed. V modelu Isicheiho a Magueija se z\u00e1kony m\u011bn\u00ed, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 vznik\u00e1n\u00ed hmoty, a to m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st ke zrychlov\u00e1n\u00ed rozp\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed vesm\u00edru.\u201c<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">Je to je\u0161t\u011b hodn\u011b spekulativn\u00ed a nezral\u00e1 teorie, na kter\u00e9 bude nutn\u00e9 ud\u011blat spoustu pr\u00e1ce. P\u0159esto ale p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed neobvykl\u00fd a sv\u011b\u017e\u00ed pohled na gravitaci. Nazna\u010duje, \u017ee Einsteinovu relativitu lze tak\u00e9 ch\u00e1pat jako d\u016fsledek termodynamick\u00fdch proces\u016f. Pokud by se tento p\u0159\u00edstup prosadil, mohl by poh\u0159b\u00edt klasickou kosmologickou konstantu, se kterou jsou st\u00e1le jen probl\u00e9my.<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">Video: The laws of physics are not fixed | Jo\u00e3o Magueijo<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">\n<p class=\"western\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">Video: Diversity and inclusion for aliens | Joao Magueijo<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">\n<p class=\"western\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">Literatura<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\"><a href=\"https:\/\/journals.aps.org\/prl\/abstract\/10.1103\/tvmx-qk3k\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Physical Review Letters 136: 231501.<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\"><a href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2026-06-thermodynamic-approach-gravity-cosmic-dark.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Phys.org. 25. 6. 2026.<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Kauz\u00e1n\u00ed diamant pro odvozen\u00ed gravitace z\u00a0termodynamiky. Kredit: Isichei &amp; Magueijo (2026), Physical Review Letters. Gravitaci dnes popisuje p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":131397,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[11],"tags":[13569,35722,54,53,52],"class_list":["post-131396","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-svet","tag-gravitace","tag-kvantovy-generator","tag-svet","tag-world","tag-world-news"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116822598456753085","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/131396","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=131396"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/131396\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/131397"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=131396"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=131396"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=131396"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}