{"id":136514,"date":"2026-07-02T16:43:23","date_gmt":"2026-07-02T16:43:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/136514\/"},"modified":"2026-07-02T16:43:23","modified_gmt":"2026-07-02T16:43:23","slug":"vice-penez-do-skolstvi-na-dluh-ano-pokud-projde-reformou","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/136514\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00edce pen\u011bz do \u0161kolstv\u00ed na dluh? Ano, pokud projde reformou"},"content":{"rendered":"

P\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed vysv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed b\u00fdv\u00e1 pro politiky \u010dasem symbolick\u00fdch gest. Letos k\u00a0nim ministr \u0161kolstv\u00ed Plaga p\u0159idal i\u00a0osobn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslib<\/a> v\u00fdrazn\u00e9ho nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed \u0161kolsk\u00fdch v\u00fddaj\u016f v\u00a0\u0159\u00e1du des\u00edtek miliard. Otev\u0159el t\u00edm debatu, kter\u00e1 v\u00fdrazn\u011b p\u0159esahuje hranice jeho resortu. M\u00e1 smysl, aby si st\u00e1t v\u00a0dob\u011b ji\u017e tak rekordn\u00edch rozpo\u010dtov\u00fdch schodk\u016f za\u010dal kv\u016fli dlouhodob\u011b nedostate\u010dn\u00e9mu financov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161kolstv\u00ed p\u016fj\u010dovat je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce?<\/p>\n

Jen pro z\u00e1kladn\u00ed p\u0159edstavu: aby se finan\u010dn\u00ed situace \u010desk\u00e9ho \u0161kolstv\u00ed v\u00a0roce 2027\u00a0d\u00e1le nezhor\u0161ila, bude vl\u00e1da muset rozpo\u010det M\u0160MT nav\u00fd\u0161it o\u00a0zhruba 20\u00a0miliard korun. Pokud se bude cht\u00edt \u010cesko dostat zp\u011bt na pr\u016fm\u011br zem\u00ed OECD a\u00a0dost\u00e1t sv\u00fdm slib\u016fm, bude muset rozpo\u010det nav\u00fd\u0161it a\u017e o\u00a0zhruba 50\u00a0miliard<\/a>. <\/p>\n

Tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v\u00a0tv\u00e1\u0159 \u0159ad\u011b dal\u0161\u00edch finan\u010dn\u00edch z\u00e1vazk\u016f a\u00a0d\u00e1rk\u016f to rozhodn\u011b snadn\u00e9 m\u00edt nebude.<\/p>\n

\u010cesk\u00e9 re\u00e1lie<\/p>\n

\u010cesk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost ve volb\u00e1ch opakovan\u011b p\u0159ed \u0161kolstv\u00edm up\u0159ednost\u0148uje ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed dan\u011b. D\u016fsledkem je jeho dlouhodob\u00e1 podfinancovanost. K\u00a0bl\u00fdsk\u00e1n\u00ed na lep\u0161\u00ed \u010dasy do\u0161lo pouze kolem covidov\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed. Tehdy politiky i\u00a0voli\u010de p\u0159estaly tr\u00e1pit v\u00fd\u0161e deficit\u016f st\u00e1tn\u00edho rozpo\u010dtu a\u00a0s t\u00edm se svezlo i\u00a0v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed \u0161kolsk\u00fdch v\u00fddaj\u016f.<\/p>\n

Na sv\u00e9 si tehdy ale p\u0159i\u0161el i\u00a0n\u00e1rodn\u00ed apetit po n\u00edzk\u00fdch dan\u00edch, a\u00a0to v\u00fdrazn\u00fdm sn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm dan\u011b z\u00a0p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f<\/a>. V\u00fdsledkem byl obrovsk\u00fd v\u00fdpadek p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f st\u00e1tn\u00edho rozpo\u010dtu a\u00a0do t\u00e9 doby nep\u0159edstaviteln\u011b vysok\u00e9 deficity. Pr\u00e1v\u011b pod jejich tlakem spustila v\u00a0roce 2022\u00a0vl\u00e1da Petra Fialy rozpo\u010dtovou konsolidaci. Sp\u00ed\u0161e ne\u017e cestou navr\u00e1cen\u00ed dan\u00ed \u0161la cestou \u0161krcen\u00ed v\u00fddaj\u016f. A\u00a0jednou z\u00a0ob\u011bt\u00ed se stalo pr\u00e1v\u011b \u0161kolstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdpadek p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f st\u00e1tn\u00edho rozpo\u010dtu trv\u00e1 dodnes a\u00a0\u010din\u00ed u\u017e p\u0159es 130\u00a0miliard korun ro\u010dn\u011b. P\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b t\u0159etina t\u00e9to \u010d\u00e1stky, tedy zhruba 45\u00a0miliard, by mohla intenzitu ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 podpory \u0161kolstv\u00ed posunout t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 na pr\u016fm\u011br zem\u00ed OECD. <\/p>\n

Ze zbyl\u00fdch zhruba 90\u00a0miliard by bylo k\u00a0dispozici 10\u00a0miliard sl\u00edben\u00fdch Hospod\u00e1\u0159skou strategi\u00ed<\/a> na v\u011bdu, co\u017e je dal\u0161\u00ed velmi podfinancovan\u00e1 oblast, a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed des\u00edtky miliard k\u00a0napln\u011bn\u00ed z\u00e1vazku obrann\u00fdch v\u00fddaj\u016f a\u00a0ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed deficit\u016f. To jsou v\u0161ak zat\u00edm jen hypotetick\u00e9 \u00favahy akademick\u00e9ho teoretika.<\/p>\n

P\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte si:<\/a>Trilema<\/p>\n

P\u0159i p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b rozpo\u010dtu na rok 2027\u00a0stoj\u00ed vl\u00e1da p\u0159ed trilematem: nad\u00e1le dr\u017eet relativn\u011b n\u00edzk\u00e9 dan\u011b, d\u00e1le nezvy\u0161ovat pod\u00edl deficitu na HDP, nebo v\u00fdrazn\u011b nav\u00fd\u0161it v\u00fddaje na podfinancovan\u00e9 \u0161kolstv\u00ed? Dos\u00e1hnout v\u0161ech t\u0159\u00ed c\u00edl\u016f najednou bohu\u017eel nelze.<\/p>\n

Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed podpory \u0161kolstv\u00ed za cenu vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch dan\u00ed nem\u00e1 voli\u010dskou podporu. J\u00edt cestou rostouc\u00edch deficit\u016f, jako v\u00a0dob\u011b covidu, se jev\u00ed jako riskantn\u00ed. Nab\u00edz\u00ed se prost\u0159edky do \u0161kolstv\u00ed pos\u00edlit ve v\u00ed\u0159e, \u017ee se to ve\u0159ejn\u00fdm rozpo\u010dt\u016fm ve vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 budoucnosti vr\u00e1t\u00ed d\u00edky vy\u0161\u0161\u00edmu r\u016fstu ekonomiky a\u00a0v\u00fdb\u011bru dan\u00ed. Lze v\u0161ak dodate\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fddaje na \u0161kolstv\u00ed pova\u017eovat za tak v\u00fdnosn\u00e9? T\u011b\u017eko \u0159\u00edci, ale n\u00e1vratnost by byla jist\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed, pokud by zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed rozpo\u010dtu doprovodily dlouho odkl\u00e1dan\u00e9 \u0161kolsk\u00e9 reformy.<\/p>\n

O tom, \u017ee je \u0161kolstv\u00ed dlouhodob\u011b podfinancovan\u00e9, sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad relativn\u00ed platy<\/a> u\u010ditel\u016f, kter\u00e9 op\u011bt pat\u0159\u00ed k\u00a0nejni\u017e\u0161\u00edm v\u00a0zem\u00edch EU i\u00a0OECD. Relativn\u00ed platy u\u010ditel\u016f p\u0159itom v\u00fdrazn\u011b spoluur\u010duj\u00ed kvalitu vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. Ta se toti\u017e odv\u00edj\u00ed od kvality pr\u00e1ce u\u010ditelsk\u00e9ho sboru, kterou dlouhodob\u011b formuj\u00ed ti, kdo se na u\u010ditelskou profesi p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed, do u\u010ditelsk\u00e9 profese pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u011b p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed a\u00a0tak\u00e9 ti, kdo ji posl\u00e9ze p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u011b zklaman\u011b opou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Foto: Seznam Zpr\u00e1vy<\/p>\n

Relativn\u00ed platy u\u010ditel\u016f.<\/p>\n

Lep\u0161\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed mlad\u00e9 generace m\u00e1 potenci\u00e1l zv\u00fd\u0161it budouc\u00ed produktivitu pr\u00e1ce, v\u00fdd\u011blky, da\u0148ov\u00e9 v\u00fdnosy i\u00a0sn\u00ed\u017eit soci\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1klady. Pokud jde o\u00a0\u0161kolstv\u00ed vysok\u00e9, to je v\u00a0mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm srovn\u00e1n\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b podfinancovan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e \u0161kolstv\u00ed region\u00e1ln\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Odp\u016frci zm\u011bn<\/p>\n

Nelze zast\u00edrat, \u017ee \u010desk\u00e9 \u0161kolstv\u00ed trp\u00ed \u0159adou struktur\u00e1ln\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f. O\u00a0v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b z\u00a0nich se mluv\u00ed dek\u00e1dy. Provozujeme extr\u00e9mn\u011b fragmentovanou s\u00ed\u0165 z\u00e1kladn\u00edch a\u00a0st\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kol se zbyte\u010dn\u011b vysok\u00fdmi provozn\u00edmi n\u00e1klady. Veden\u00ed \u0161kol dus\u00edme administrativou. Oborov\u00e1 struktura st\u0159edn\u00edho \u0161kolstv\u00ed d\u00e1vno neodpov\u00edd\u00e1 pot\u0159eb\u00e1m spole\u010dnosti a\u00a0budouc\u00ed globalizovan\u00e9 ekonomiky. <\/p>\n

Syst\u00e9m p\u0159ij\u00edma\u010dek a\u00a0maturit dlouhodob\u011b p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 k\u00a0frustraci \u017e\u00e1k\u016f a\u00a0rodi\u010d\u016f. Kari\u00e9rn\u00ed syst\u00e9m u\u010ditel\u016f zat\u00edm nen\u00ed ani na pap\u00ed\u0159e. Vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed syst\u00e9m od nejni\u017e\u0161\u00edch \u00farovn\u00ed a\u017e na vrchol pyramidy v\u00fdrazn\u011b znev\u00fdhod\u0148uje \u017e\u00e1ky a\u00a0potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed studenty se slab\u0161\u00edm soci\u00e1ln\u011b\u2013ekonomick\u00fdm z\u00e1zem\u00edm a\u00a0ignoruje talenty.<\/p>\n

M\u00edra ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161nosti vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00fdch studi\u00ed je obrovsk\u00e1 a\u00a0st\u00e1le se zvy\u0161uje. Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 doba studia na V\u0160 je zbyte\u010dn\u011b dlouh\u00e1 a\u00a0syst\u00e9m produkuje mnohem m\u00e9n\u011b absolvent\u016f, ne\u017e je dnes ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b vysp\u011bl\u00fdch zem\u00edch b\u011b\u017en\u00e9. \u0158\u00edzen\u00ed vysok\u00fdch \u0161kol a\u00a0organizace v\u00fdzkumu jsou neefektivn\u00ed a\u00a0dostate\u010dn\u011b nereaguj\u00ed na m\u011bn\u00edc\u00ed se spole\u010densk\u00e9 pot\u0159eby a\u00a0podm\u00ednky.<\/p>\n

V ka\u017ed\u00e9 z\u00a0uveden\u00fdch oblast\u00ed ale p\u016fsob\u00ed v\u00edce \u010di m\u00e9n\u011b skryt\u00e9 z\u00e1jmov\u00e9 skupiny s\u00a0dobr\u00fdmi d\u016fvody br\u00e1nit zm\u011bn\u00e1m. Mnoz\u00ed starostov\u00e9 obc\u00ed a\u00a0\u0159editel\u00e9 \u0161kol nemaj\u00ed chu\u0165 ke slu\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed mal\u00fdch \u0161kol. V\u011bt\u0161ina krajsk\u00fdch samospr\u00e1v p\u0159istupuje laxn\u011b ke zm\u011bn\u00e1m oborov\u00e9 struktury st\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kol. \u0160kolsk\u00e9 odbory se br\u00e1n\u00ed zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed kari\u00e9rn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu, kter\u00fd by dal veden\u00ed \u0161kol v\u00edce pravomoc\u00ed na \u00fakor rovnost\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch tarifn\u00edch tabulek a\u00a0form\u00e1ln\u00edch pravidel.<\/p>\n

\u010ct\u011bte tak\u00e9:<\/a><\/p>\n

Dokonce i\u00a0zm\u011bny prokazateln\u011b \u0161patn\u011b nastaven\u00fdch p\u0159ij\u00edma\u010dek dosud maj\u00ed vlivn\u00e9 odp\u016frce. Reprezentace vysok\u00fdch \u0161kol nechce vid\u011bt z\u00e1sadn\u00ed nedostatky sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a\u00a0hled\u00e1 ve\u0161ker\u00e9 d\u016fvody proti moderniza\u010dn\u00edm zm\u011bn\u00e1m. K\u00a0obecn\u00e9 pot\u0159eb\u011b reforem se sice v\u011bt\u0161ina akt\u00e9r\u016f hl\u00e1s\u00ed, ale nikdo nechce za\u010d\u00edt se zm\u011bnami u\u00a0sebe. Sp\u00ed\u0161e ne\u017e problemati\u010dnost statu quo je vn\u00edm\u00e1na nejasn\u00e1 hrozba d\u016fsledk\u016f zm\u011bn. A\u00a0pr\u00e1v\u011b ve sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed tohoto latentn\u00edho odporu by mohl p\u0159\u00edslib v\u00fdrazn\u00e9ho nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed financ\u00ed pro \u0161kolstv\u00ed sehr\u00e1t d\u016fle\u017eitou roli.<\/p>\n

Pen\u00edze jako katalyz\u00e1tor zm\u011bn<\/p>\n

Pokud maj\u00ed b\u00fdt \u0161kolsk\u00e9 reformy pr\u016fchodn\u00e9, m\u011bly by jistou kompenzaci poskytnout i\u00a0t\u011bm, kte\u0159\u00ed na n\u011b doplat\u00ed. Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed finance pro \u0161kolstv\u00ed pak lze vn\u00edmat i\u00a0jako cenu za posun k\u00a0vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed efektivnosti a\u00a0n\u00e1vratnosti pen\u011bz z\u00a0kapes da\u0148ov\u00fdch poplatn\u00edk\u016f. Vl\u00e1da by proto mohla, a\u00a0podle m\u011b i\u00a0m\u011bla, v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed \u0161kolsk\u00e9ho rozpo\u010dtu podm\u00ednit pokrokem v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b a\u00a0zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch reforem. Voli\u010di, o\u00a0jejich\u017e preferenc\u00edch ji\u017e byla \u0159e\u010d, by sn\u00e1ze p\u0159ijali nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed v\u00fddaj\u016f na \u00fa\u010det vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch rozpo\u010dtov\u00fdch deficit\u016f, kdy\u017e uvid\u00ed, \u017ee dodate\u010dn\u00e9 pen\u00edze nep\u016fjdou jen do vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch plat\u016f, ale tak\u00e9 do syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch zm\u011bn.<\/p>\n

Debata proto dnes nutn\u011b nestoj\u00ed mezi dv\u011bma extr\u00e9my, zda na \u0161kolstv\u00ed \u0161et\u0159it, \u010di ne\u0161et\u0159it. Sp\u00ed\u0161e si polo\u017eme ot\u00e1zku, zda lze vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed investice do \u0161kolstv\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edt i\u00a0k prosazen\u00ed tolik pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch reforem, na kter\u00e9 tak dlouho \u010dek\u00e1me? Pokud by se to poda\u0159ilo, 50\u00a0miliard pro \u0161kolstv\u00ed nav\u00edc i\u00a0na vrub vy\u0161\u0161\u00edho zadlu\u017een\u00ed by bylo sp\u00ed\u0161e investic\u00ed ne\u017e pouhou spot\u0159ebou.<\/p>\n

V\u00edce pen\u011bz pro \u010desk\u00e9 \u0161kolstv\u00ed, i\u00a0za cenu vy\u0161\u0161\u00edho dluhu, se jako dlouhodob\u00e1 investice \u010cesku vyplatit m\u016f\u017ee. Mus\u00ed to ale doprov\u00e1zet i\u00a0z\u00e1sadn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed reformy.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"P\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed vysv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed b\u00fdv\u00e1 pro politiky \u010dasem symbolick\u00fdch gest. Letos k\u00a0nim ministr \u0161kolstv\u00ed Plaga p\u0159idal i\u00a0osobn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslib v\u00fdrazn\u00e9ho nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":115804,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[7],"tags":[43,42,2435,41,40,4242,4243,5417,5416,442,24337,5600],"class_list":["post-136514","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-cesko","tag-ceska-republika","tag-cesko","tag-covid-19","tag-czech-republic","tag-czechia","tag-ministerstvo-skolstvi","tag-mladeze-a-telovychovy-msmt","tag-reforma","tag-robert-plaga","tag-skolstvi","tag-superhruba-mzda","tag-ucitele"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116851389958151259","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/136514","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=136514"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/136514\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/115804"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=136514"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=136514"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=136514"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}