Na r\u016fzn\u00fdch m\u00edstech sv\u011bta prob\u00edhaj\u00ed pilotn\u00ed programy s autonomn\u00edmi doru\u010dovac\u00edmi roboty. Jejich pr\u00e1vn\u00ed postaven\u00ed je zat\u00edm nejasn\u00e9 a v \u0159ad\u011b m\u011bst se nesetk\u00e1vaj\u00ed pouze s pozitivn\u00edmi reakcemi. Zvl\u00e1d\u00e1 Praha testov\u00e1n\u00ed l\u00e9pe ne\u017e ostatn\u00ed m\u011bsta, nebo ji podobn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my teprve \u010dekaj\u00ed?<\/p>\n
\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRoboti bud\u00ed nad\u0161en\u00ed i kritiku<\/p>\n
Mal\u00ed kur\u00fdrn\u00ed roboti, kte\u0159\u00ed dok\u00e1\u017eou na kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti doru\u010dovat prakticky cokoli, vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed rozporupln\u00e9 reakce. Pro \u0159adu lid\u00ed p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed pohled do budoucnosti a bud\u00ed obdiv svou schopnost\u00ed p\u0159ekon\u00e1vat p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky na cest\u011b k z\u00e1kazn\u00edkovi. Jin\u00ed je ale vn\u00edmaj\u00ed podstatn\u011b kriti\u010dt\u011bji.<\/p>\n
Vedle obav o pracovn\u00ed m\u00edsta si lid\u00e9 st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji st\u011b\u017euj\u00ed na to, \u017ee roboti p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed chodc\u016fm. Na \u00fazk\u00fdch chodn\u00edc\u00edch se jim mus\u00ed lid\u00e9 vyh\u00fdbat, n\u011bkdy dokonce vstoupit do vozovky. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch lokalit\u00e1ch nav\u00edc komplikuj\u00ed provoz venkovn\u00edch zahr\u00e1dek restaurac\u00ed. Objevily se tak\u00e9 drobn\u00e9 nehody a kv\u016fli nejasn\u00e9mu pr\u00e1vn\u00edmu\u00a0statusu\u00a0robot\u016f vznikaj\u00ed ot\u00e1zky, kdo za podobn\u00e9 incidenty nese odpov\u011bdnost a kdo by m\u011bl jejich provoz regulovat.<\/p>\n
N\u011bkter\u00e1 m\u011bsta u\u017e p\u0159istoupila k omezen\u00edm<\/p>\n
N\u011bkter\u00e1 m\u011bsta u\u017e zavedla z\u00e1kazy nebo r\u016fzn\u00e1 omezen\u00ed provozu t\u011bchto robot\u016f. D\u016fvodem byly p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm st\u00ed\u017enosti chodc\u016f a rychl\u00e9 roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed autonomn\u00edch voz\u00edtek.<\/p>\n
Ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f ale nejde o definitivn\u00ed z\u00e1kaz. C\u00edlem samospr\u00e1v je p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm nastavit jasn\u00e1 pravidla provozu, aby autonomn\u00ed doru\u010dovac\u00ed roboti co nejm\u00e9n\u011b naru\u0161ovali b\u011b\u017en\u00fd \u017eivot ve m\u011bstech.<\/p>\n
Praha zat\u00edm probl\u00e9my nem\u00e1<\/p>\n
Testovac\u00ed provoz v Praze zat\u00edm prob\u00edh\u00e1 v\u00fdrazn\u011b l\u00e9pe ne\u017e v n\u011bkter\u00fdch jin\u00fdch m\u011bstech. D\u016fvodem m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zat\u00edm n\u00edzk\u00fd po\u010det robot\u016f, ale tak\u00e9 pe\u010dliv\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edprava doru\u010dovac\u00ed spole\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n
Lokality pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed byly vybr\u00e1ny s ohledem na dostate\u010dn\u011b \u0161irok\u00e9 chodn\u00edky i p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00fd pohyb chodc\u016f. Na rozd\u00edl od n\u011bkter\u00fdch jin\u00fdch m\u011bst byl nav\u00edc pilotn\u00ed projekt p\u0159edem konzultov\u00e1n se z\u00e1stupci m\u011bsta, kte\u0159\u00ed jej schv\u00e1lili. I d\u00edky tomu zat\u00edm Praha neeviduje v\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed st\u00ed\u017enost\u00ed na provoz doru\u010dovac\u00edch robot\u016f.<\/p>\n
Co se stane p\u0159i v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed?<\/p>\n
Nen\u00ed v\u0161ak jist\u00e9, jak budou obyvatel\u00e9 reagovat ve chv\u00edli, kdy se po\u010det robot\u016f zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed a roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed se i do dal\u0161\u00edch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed m\u011bsta. Existuj\u00ed lokality, kde si podobn\u00fd provoz lze p\u0159edstavit jen obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b. Naopak jinde by spole\u010dnosti mohly m\u00edt z\u00e1jem roboty nasadit, ani\u017e by to vyvolalo v\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed odpor ve\u0159ejnosti.<\/p>\n
Pomoci by mohlo speci\u00e1ln\u00ed sk\u00f3re<\/p>\n
Inspiraci nab\u00edz\u00ed zahrani\u010d\u00ed, kde podobn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my \u0159e\u0161\u00ed u\u017e del\u0161\u00ed dobu. V\u011bdci z Cornell University vyvinuli speci\u00e1ln\u00ed robotick\u00e9 sk\u00f3re, kter\u00e9 hodnot\u00ed, jak vhodn\u00e9 jsou jednotliv\u00e9 chodn\u00edky pro provoz autonomn\u00edch robot\u016f.<\/p>\n
Syst\u00e9m sleduje p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm to, jak by roboti mohli ovlivnit pohyb chodc\u016f a celkov\u00e9 fungov\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho prostoru. Pokud by jejich provoz znamenal v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 omezen\u00ed okol\u00ed, v\u00fdsledn\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed kles\u00e1. N\u00e1sledn\u011b lze posoudit, zda p\u0159\u00ednosy doru\u010dovac\u00edch robot\u016f p\u0159eva\u017euj\u00ed nad negativn\u00edmi dopady.<\/p>\n
Profesorka Wendy Ju v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee podobn\u00fd syst\u00e9m pom\u016f\u017ee naj\u00edt kompromis p\u0159i rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed o tom, kde je vhodn\u00e9 autonomn\u00ed roboty nasadit.<\/p>\n
Trh poroste, pravidla zat\u00edm chyb\u00ed<\/p>\n
Autonomn\u00edch doru\u010dovac\u00edch robot\u016f je zat\u00edm relativn\u011b m\u00e1lo, o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 se v\u0161ak jejich rychl\u00e9 roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed. Podle analytick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti Transforma Insight by jich mohlo po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b v budoucnu jezdit a\u017e 2,1 milionu.<\/p>\n
Pr\u00e1v\u011b proto bude d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 v\u010das p\u0159ijmout jasn\u00e1 pravidla a odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed legislativu, aby rozvoj t\u00e9to technologie neomezoval b\u011b\u017en\u00fd \u017eivot ve m\u011bstech v\u00edce, ne\u017e je nezbytn\u00e9.<\/p>\n
Autor: Vojt\u011bch Benda <\/p>\n
Foto: Vytvo\u0159eno um\u011blou inteligenc\u00ed v\u00a0ChatGPT<\/p>\n
Zdroje: Los Angels Times, The Guardian, BBC, Seznam.cz<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Na r\u016fzn\u00fdch m\u00edstech sv\u011bta prob\u00edhaj\u00ed pilotn\u00ed programy s autonomn\u00edmi doru\u010dovac\u00edmi roboty. Jejich pr\u00e1vn\u00ed postaven\u00ed je zat\u00edm nejasn\u00e9 a…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":141028,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[30],"tags":[98,99,2236],"class_list":["post-141027","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-praha","tag-prague","tag-praha","tag-robotizace"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116879351044499313","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/141027","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=141027"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/141027\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/141028"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=141027"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=141027"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=141027"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}