{"id":143964,"date":"2026-07-10T11:32:13","date_gmt":"2026-07-10T11:32:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/143964\/"},"modified":"2026-07-10T11:32:13","modified_gmt":"2026-07-10T11:32:13","slug":"chce-byt-architektem-zmeny-putinuv-oligarcha-nastinil-pet-povalecnych-scenaru-aktualne-cz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/143964\/","title":{"rendered":"Chce b\u00fdt \u201earchitektem zm\u011bny\u201c. Putin\u016fv oligarcha nast\u00ednil p\u011bt pov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f \u2013 Aktu\u00e1ln\u011b.cz"},"content":{"rendered":"

Melni\u010denko za posledn\u00edch 35 let vybudoval ob\u0159\u00ed pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 imp\u00e9rium s hnojivy, t\u011b\u017ebou, energetikou a logistikou. Dlouho se dr\u017eel v \u00fastran\u00ed, dokonce i kdy\u017e Rusko za\u010dalo v\u00e1lku proti Ukrajin\u011b a \u010dekalo se, zda oligarchov\u00e9, jejich\u017e byznys zas\u00e1hla v\u00e1lka a sankce, promluv\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Mu\u017e, kter\u00fd je na osm\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b \u017eeb\u0159\u00ed\u010dku nejbohat\u0161\u00edch Rus\u016f podle \u010dasopisu Forbes, se ve\u0159ejn\u011b vyslovil a\u017e nyn\u00ed. A zjevn\u011b nen\u00ed ani protiv\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdm hrdinou, ani prov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdm fanatikem. <\/p>\n

Podniky, kter\u00e9 vede, pom\u00e1haj\u00ed udr\u017eovat v\u00e1le\u010dnou ekonomiku. Amoniak produkovan\u00fd v jeho z\u00e1vodech se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v munici. Spolupracuje s arm\u00e1dou na obran\u011b sv\u00fdch tov\u00e1ren p\u0159ed \u00fatoky dron\u016f a spolupracuje s bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edmi slu\u017ebami, aby zabr\u00e1nil sabot\u00e1\u017e\u00edm.<\/p>\n

V\u00e1lku nekritizuje a \u2013 jak poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 The Economist<\/a> \u2013 \u201enesna\u017e\u00ed se zpochybnit rusk\u00fd syst\u00e9m moci, ale nab\u00edz\u00ed sv\u00e9 slu\u017eby vl\u00e1d\u011b v nad\u011bji, \u017ee se stane architektem zm\u011bny\u201c. Ve sv\u00e9m sloupku Melni\u010denko nast\u00ednil sv\u00e9 n\u00e1zory na to, jak by mohlo pov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 Rusko vypadat \u2013 a pro\u010d by se Z\u00e1pad nem\u011bl sna\u017eit odebrat mu jeho \u201esuverenitu\u201c.<\/p>\n

Melni\u010denkovou \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed my\u0161lenkou je, \u017ee a\u017e skon\u010d\u00ed v\u00e1lka na Ukrajin\u011b, Rusko by se m\u011blo st\u00e1t plnohodnotnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed nov\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed architektury. Podle n\u011bj modern\u00ed sv\u011bt ztratil mechanismus, kter\u00fd \u201ekdysi umo\u017e\u0148oval velmoc\u00edm koexistovat v r\u00e1mci jednotn\u00e9ho bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu\u201c. S t\u00edm, \u017ee popt\u00e1vka po mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti je nyn\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e kdy jindy.<\/p>\n

V\u011bt\u0161ina sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f je nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e1<\/p>\n

Podle The Economist<\/a> se v\u011bt\u0161ina z p\u011bti sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f, kter\u00e9 miliard\u00e1\u0159 nast\u00ednil, jev\u00ed pro nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed zemi sv\u011bta nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u011b: z\u00e1vislost na vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch mocensk\u00fdch centrech, rostouc\u00ed vliv \u010c\u00edny, vnit\u0159n\u00ed krize nebo transformace Ruska na izolovan\u00fd, militarizovan\u00fd st\u00e1t podle vzoru Severn\u00ed Koreje.<\/p>\n

Prvn\u00ed sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159 zahrnuje n\u00e1vrat Ruska do z\u00e1padn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu, by\u0165 v druho\u0159ad\u00e9 roli. Podle Melni\u010denka by se v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b Moskva ocitla zcela z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na Z\u00e1pad\u011b.<\/p>\n

Druhou mo\u017enost\u00ed je p\u0159eorientov\u00e1n\u00ed se na \u010c\u00ednu. Pokud se ud\u00e1losti budou vyv\u00edjet t\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem, Rusko se stane surovinov\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edv\u011bskem a n\u00e1razn\u00edkovou z\u00f3nou v r\u00e1mci sf\u00e9ry vlivu Pekingu. Podle odhadu miliard\u00e1\u0159e spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 rozd\u00edl mezi prvn\u00edm a druh\u00fdm sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159em pouze v tom, kde bude hlavn\u00ed centrum vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed moci.<\/p>\n

T\u0159et\u00ed sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159 zahrnuje vnit\u0159n\u00ed destabilizaci zem\u011b, doprov\u00e1zenou bojem mezi r\u016fzn\u00fdmi elitn\u00edmi a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edmi frakcemi o zdroje. Vzhledem k rusk\u00e9mu jadern\u00e9mu statusu pova\u017euje Melni\u010denko tuto mo\u017enost za jednu z nejnebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch.<\/p>\n

\u010ctvrtou cestou je transformace zem\u011b v uzav\u0159en\u00fd st\u00e1t podle vzoru Severn\u00ed Koreje charakterizovan\u00fd militarizac\u00ed, represemi, p\u0159\u00edd\u011blov\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem a neust\u00e1lou vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed konfrontac\u00ed. Podle podnikatele by se v takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b idea vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho nep\u0159\u00edtele a ohro\u017een\u00ed stala hlavn\u00edm n\u00e1strojem dom\u00e1c\u00ed politiky. Zm\u00ednil p\u0159itom i riziko roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed vojensk\u00fdch konflikt\u016f do dal\u0161\u00edch zem\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Melni\u010denko pova\u017euje za jedin\u00fd p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fd sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159 Rusko jako \u201esuver\u00e9nn\u00ed\u201c st\u00e1t, a\u010dkoli tomuto konceptu p\u0159ipisuje jin\u00fd v\u00fdznam ne\u017e Kreml. Zat\u00edmco pro Vladimira Putina je suverenita spojena s geopolitickou konfrontac\u00ed se Z\u00e1padem, podle miliard\u00e1\u0159e by m\u011bla znamenat stabiln\u00ed ekonomiku, vl\u00e1du zam\u011b\u0159enou na blaho rusk\u00fdch ob\u010dan\u016f, p\u0159edv\u00eddatelnou zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiku a vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed podm\u00ednek, za kter\u00fdch budou lid\u00e9 cht\u00edt v zemi \u017e\u00edt a vracet se do n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\"Andrej<\/p>\n

Oligarcha Andrej Melni\u010denko v Moskv\u011b 9. \u00fanora 2018. Archivn\u00ed fotografie.Foto: Reuters<\/p>\n

\u201eVolba pro extern\u00ed hr\u00e1\u010de nen\u00ed mezi p\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdm a nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdm Ruskem. Je to mezi Ruskem, jeho\u017e chov\u00e1n\u00ed je p\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00e9, a Ruskem, jeho\u017e trajektorie je nezn\u00e1m\u00e1. Ve sv\u011bt\u011b, kter\u00fd se rozv\u00edj\u00ed, je p\u0159edv\u00eddatelnost d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e sympatie,\u201c p\u00ed\u0161e miliard\u00e1\u0159.<\/p>\n

Odklon od vl\u00e1dy jednoho mu\u017ee<\/p>\n

Jak poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 The Economist, Melni\u010denko nevol\u00e1 po p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 zm\u011bn\u011b moci, ale model, kter\u00fd navrhuje, zahrnuje odklon od syst\u00e9mu vl\u00e1dy jednoho mu\u017ee. Podle jeho n\u00e1zoru by se do kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch rozhodnut\u00ed m\u011bli zapojit z\u00e1stupci podnikatelsk\u00e9 komunity, technokratick\u00fdch kruh\u016f, ob\u010dansk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti a r\u016fzn\u00fdch politick\u00fdch sil.<\/p>\n

Podle \u010dasopisu takov\u00e1 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed rostouc\u00ed neklid mezi \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed rusk\u00e9 elity. M\u00edsto \u0159e\u010d\u00ed o v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed se diskuse st\u00e1le v\u00edce zam\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed na sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e, v nich\u017e zachov\u00e1n\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho kurzu vede ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 z\u00e1vislosti, mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed izolaci nebo hlubok\u00e9 vnit\u0159n\u00ed krizi. Podle t\u00e9to logiky je pozitivn\u00ed budoucnost Ruska mo\u017en\u00e1 pouze tehdy, pokud se zem\u011b z\u0159ekne sv\u00e9ho sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed \u201esuverenity\u201c, kter\u00e9 je zalo\u017eeno na neust\u00e1l\u00e9 konfrontaci se Z\u00e1padem.<\/p>\n

Andrej Melni\u010denko je pod z\u00e1padn\u00edmi sankcemi. Tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee se rozhodl promluvit, proto\u017ee tyto sankce zni\u010dily jeho p\u0159edchoz\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00ed styl, kter\u00fd mu umo\u017e\u0148oval podnikat v Rusku a \u017e\u00edt na Z\u00e1pad\u011b. Dlouhodob\u011b pob\u00fdval ve \u0160v\u00fdcarsku a v Dubaji.<\/p>\n

V roce 2023 se rusk\u00e1 gener\u00e1ln\u00ed prokuratura pokusila zn\u00e1rodnit Melni\u010denkovu ob\u0159\u00ed energetickou spole\u010dnost Sibeko. Tyto pokusy ov\u0161em skon\u010dily pot\u00e9, co podnikatel daroval 32 miliard rubl\u016f (asi 8,43 miliardy korun) vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edmu centru Sirius, kter\u00e9 vzniklo z iniciativy prezidenta Vladimira Putina. <\/p>\n

Mohlo by v\u00e1s zaj\u00edmat: Poznal Putina velmi dob\u0159e. \u201eNecouvejte p\u0159ed n\u00edm. Je to bandita,\u201c tvrd\u00ed b\u00fdval\u00fd oligarcha<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Melni\u010denko za posledn\u00edch 35 let vybudoval ob\u0159\u00ed pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 imp\u00e9rium s hnojivy, t\u011b\u017ebou, energetikou a logistikou. Dlouho se dr\u017eel…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":143965,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[11],"tags":[708,13023,60,54,53,52],"class_list":["post-143964","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-svet","tag-ekonomika","tag-oligarcha","tag-rusky-utok-na-ukrajinu-2022","tag-svet","tag-world","tag-world-news"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116895465275569353","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/143964","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=143964"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/143964\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/143965"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=143964"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=143964"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=143964"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}