Metan je vedle CO2 dal\u0161\u00ed velkou hrozbou pro klima. Jeho emise bohu\u017eel neklesaj\u00ed, a\u00a0naopak\u00a0se podle posledn\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed energetick\u00e9 agentury (IEA) dr\u017e\u00ed na rekordn\u00edch \u00farovn\u00edch. Opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 by vedla k\u00a0jejich poklesu, by pr\u00fd mohla v\u00e9st ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed nab\u00eddky plynu.<\/p>\n
Jakkoliv to m\u016f\u017ee vypadat slo\u017eit\u011b, princip je velice jednoduch\u00fd. Metan je z\u00e1kladn\u00ed slo\u017ekou plynu, kter\u00fd proud\u00ed do dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e jeho pod\u00edl m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159esahovat i\u00a090\u00a0procent. Hlavn\u00edm zdrojem \u00fanik\u016f metanu do atmosf\u00e9ry pak nen\u00ed nic jin\u00e9ho ne\u017e prost\u00e9 uch\u00e1zen\u00ed plynu z\u00a0p\u0159epravy nebo v\u00fdroby a\u00a0vypou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed \u010di spalov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ebytk\u016f. Proto by monitoring t\u011bchto \u00fanik\u016f, opravy a\u00a0omezen\u00ed net\u011bsnost\u00ed mohly p\u0159isp\u011bt ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed nab\u00eddky zemn\u00edho plynu, jeho\u017e v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 objemy nelze expedovat kv\u016fli uzav\u0159en\u00ed Hormuzsk\u00e9ho pr\u016flivu.<\/p>\n
Kam miz\u00ed obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed plynu?<\/p>\n
Podle aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed, v\u00a0kv\u011btnu zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy IEA by osv\u011bd\u010den\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed emis\u00ed mohla ro\u010dn\u011b zp\u0159\u00edstupnit 200 miliard krychlov\u00fdch metr\u016f tohoto energetick\u00e9ho zdroje. Pro p\u0159edstavu, jde zhruba o\u00a0t\u0159icetin\u00e1sobek ro\u010dn\u00ed spot\u0159eby \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky.<\/p>\n
Zat\u00edm emise metanu sp\u00ed\u0161 rostou. P\u0159esto\u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 zem\u011b dosahuj\u00ed pokroku v\u00a0jejich omezov\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00a0tomto sm\u011bru deklaruj\u00ed \u00fasil\u00ed, celosv\u011btov\u011b neklesaj\u00ed. Naopak z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed na vysok\u00fdch \u00farovn\u00edch. \u201eProdukce ropy, plynu a\u00a0uhl\u00ed dos\u00e1hla v\u00a0roce 2025 rekordn\u00edch maxim,\u201c upozor\u0148uje IEA a\u00a0ro\u010dn\u00ed emise z\u00a0t\u011bchto obor\u016f odhaduje na 124 milion\u016f tun.<\/p>\n
Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm \u201eproducentem\u201c je ropa, n\u00e1sledovan\u00e1 uhl\u00edm, plyn je a\u017e na t\u0159et\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b, ov\u0161em se st\u00e1le vysok\u00fdm objemem 36 milion\u016f tun. Situace by byla je\u0161t\u011b hor\u0161\u00ed, kdyby n\u00e1r\u016fst produkce nekompenzovala n\u011bkter\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed ke zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed jejich dopad\u016f. Jde nap\u0159\u00edklad o\u00a0t\u011b\u017ebu uhl\u00ed v\u00a0\u010c\u00edn\u011b.<\/p>\n
O\u00a0plynu v\u00a0t\u00e9to souvislosti zpr\u00e1va nemluv\u00ed. To v\u0161ak neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee by se v\u00a0t\u00e9to oblasti nic ned\u011blo. \u201eEmise metanu v\u00a0sektoru ropy a\u00a0zemn\u00edho plynu jsou z\u00a0v\u00edce ne\u017e 80 procent produkov\u00e1ny p\u0159i jejich t\u011b\u017eb\u011b,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 p\u0159edseda Rady \u010cesk\u00e9ho plyn\u00e1rensk\u00e9ho svazu Martin Slab\u00fd. Jejich omezen\u00ed je podle n\u011bj technicky i\u00a0ekonomicky mo\u017en\u00e9. \u0158e\u0161\u00ed jej metodika zvan\u00e1 LDAR (Leak Detection and Repair, tedy detekce a\u00a0odstra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fanik\u016f), kterou se t\u011b\u017eba ve vysp\u011bl\u00fdch st\u00e1tech aktivn\u011b \u0159\u00edd\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00a0USA, Kanad\u011b, Norsku \u010di ve Spojen\u00e9m kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed. Ostatn\u00ed st\u00e1ty ji postupn\u011b zav\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Evropa pat\u0159\u00ed ke sv\u011btov\u00e9 \u0161pi\u010dce v omezov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fanik\u016f<\/p>\n
\u201eS\u00a0prosazov\u00e1n\u00edm t\u00e9to metodiky postupn\u011b poklesne objem nevyu\u017eit\u00e9ho plynu, a\u0165 u\u017e je to jeho p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdm \u00fanikem do atmosf\u00e9ry, nebo \u0159\u00edzen\u00fdm spalov\u00e1n\u00edm, takzvan\u00fdm fl\u00e9rov\u00e1n\u00edm. Fakt, \u017ee \u00faniky ani p\u0159i respektu k\u00a0t\u00e9to metodice neklesaj\u00ed, je d\u00e1n rostouc\u00edm objemem t\u011b\u017eby,\u201c potvrzuje Slab\u00fd zpr\u00e1vu IEA, nicm\u00e9n\u011b zd\u016fraz\u0148uje: \u201ePokud IEA uv\u00e1d\u00ed potenci\u00e1l a\u017e 200 miliard metr\u016f krychlov\u00fdch u\u0161et\u0159en\u00e9ho plynu ro\u010dn\u011b, nebude to nap\u0159esrok, sp\u00ed\u0161e postupn\u011b v\u00a0p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch deseti letech.\u201c<\/p>\n
A\u00a0dod\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee potenci\u00e1l \u00faspor v\u00a0potrubn\u00edch syst\u00e9mech p\u0159epravy a\u00a0distribuce je nejen n\u00e1sobn\u011b men\u0161\u00ed, ale i\u00a0komplikovan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. \u201eEvropa je v\u00a0omezov\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed metanu z\u00a0distribuce zemn\u00edho plynu na sv\u011btov\u00e9 \u0161pi\u010dce, daleko p\u0159ed ostatn\u00edmi.\u201c Podle IEA by \u0161lo zhruba 70 procent emis\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017eit pomoc\u00ed st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch technologi\u00ed a\u00a0pom\u011brn\u011b rychle dostat na trh t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 15 miliard krychlov\u00fdch metr\u016f plynu.\u2004<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Metan je vedle CO2 dal\u0161\u00ed velkou hrozbou pro klima. Jeho emise bohu\u017eel neklesaj\u00ed, a\u00a0naopak\u00a0se podle posledn\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":146051,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[12],"tags":[67,68,6387,37921,9481,205,3199,1656,2156],"class_list":["post-146050","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-byznys","tag-business","tag-byznys","tag-hormuzsky-pruliv","tag-methan","tag-mezinarodni-agentura-pro-energii","tag-ropa","tag-tezba","tag-uhli","tag-zemni-plyn"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116909518734525627","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/146050","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=146050"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/146050\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/146051"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=146050"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=146050"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=146050"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}