{"id":149192,"date":"2026-07-16T08:16:09","date_gmt":"2026-07-16T08:16:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/149192\/"},"modified":"2026-07-16T08:16:09","modified_gmt":"2026-07-16T08:16:09","slug":"chcete-chranit-dum-pred-ohnem-pryc-s-virivkou-i-mulcem-radi-experti-z-vyzkumneho-centra","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/149192\/","title":{"rendered":"Chcete chr\u00e1nit d\u016fm p\u0159ed ohn\u011bm? Pry\u010d s\u00a0v\u00ed\u0159ivkou i\u00a0mul\u010dem, rad\u00ed experti z\u00a0v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho centra"},"content":{"rendered":"

B\u011bhem pokus\u016f ho\u0159\u00ed samotn\u00e9 domy na pr\u00e1zdn\u00e9m prostranstv\u00ed. V\u00a0re\u00e1lu v\u0161ak mus\u00edte p\u0159ipo\u010d\u00edst okoln\u00ed, obvykle ji\u017e zna\u010dn\u011b vyschlou vegetaci, mul\u010d na zahrad\u00e1ch, d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 ploty a\u00a0v neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b v\u00ed\u0159ivky s\u00a0jejich vysoce ho\u0159lav\u00fdmi n\u00e1pln\u011bmi. Domy jsou podle v\u011bdc\u016f v\u00a0\u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm nebezpe\u010d\u00ed. Odborn\u00edci nicm\u00e9n\u011b tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee stavby lze p\u0159ed rostouc\u00edm rizikem lesn\u00edch po\u017e\u00e1r\u016f na otepluj\u00edc\u00ed se planet\u011b chr\u00e1nit.<\/p>\n

Sv\u016fj v\u00fdzkum protipo\u017e\u00e1rn\u00ed odolnosti budov prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed v\u011bdci na odlehl\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b v\u00a0Ji\u017en\u00ed Karol\u00edn\u011b. Nechali lehnout plamenem u\u017e v\u00edce ne\u017e 13\u00a0dom\u016f, proto\u017ee jen tak mohou z\u00edsk\u00e1vat dal\u0161\u00ed cenn\u00e9 poznatky. Dovnit\u0159 dom\u016f umis\u0165uj\u00ed senzory a\u00a0kamery, kter\u00e9 se sice b\u011bhem po\u017e\u00e1ru rovn\u011b\u017e zni\u010d\u00ed, ale p\u0159ed t\u00edm je\u0161t\u011b poskytnou d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 sv\u011bdectv\u00ed o\u00a0tom, jak po\u017e\u00e1r v\u00a0dom\u011b postupuje a\u00a0jak se ohe\u0148 p\u0159esn\u011b chov\u00e1.<\/p>\n

V okol\u00ed domu jsou rozm\u00edst\u011bny kamery monitoruj\u00edc\u00ed pr\u016fb\u011bh po\u017e\u00e1ru i\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstroje zaznamen\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed data. Jak vysv\u011btluje oborov\u00fd magaz\u00edn Fire Rescue 1<\/a>, institut IBHS je neziskov\u00e1 organizace zalo\u017een\u00e1 poji\u0161\u0165ovnami s\u00a0c\u00edlem zv\u00fd\u0161it odolnost dom\u016f a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch budov. Are\u00e1l institutu o\u00a0rozloze 40\u00a0hektar\u016f v\u00a0Richburgu v\u00a0Ji\u017en\u00ed Karol\u00edn\u011b slou\u017eil p\u016fvodn\u011b ke studiu hurik\u00e1n\u016f, siln\u00e9ho v\u011btru a\u00a0de\u0161t\u011b. Vzhledem k\u00a0tomu, jak se v\u00a0posledn\u00edch letech zv\u00fd\u0161ilo nebezpe\u010d\u00ed lesn\u00edch po\u017e\u00e1r\u016f, za\u0159adili tamn\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci i\u00a0tyto testy do sv\u00e9ho programu.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Fakta toti\u017e hovo\u0159\u00ed jasn\u011b. Podle informac\u00ed z\u00a0N\u00e1rodn\u00edho mezirezortn\u00edho po\u017e\u00e1rn\u00edho centra a\u00a0Kanadsk\u00e9ho mezirezortn\u00edho centra pro lesn\u00ed po\u017e\u00e1ry byla v\u00a0letech 2016\u20132025\u00a0pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 ro\u010dn\u00ed plocha sp\u00e1len\u00e1 lesn\u00edmi po\u017e\u00e1ry v\u00a0USA 2,6kr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e v\u00a080.\u00a0letech 20.\u00a0stolet\u00ed. V\u00a0Kanad\u011b je pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 rozloha vyho\u0159el\u00e9 p\u016fdy za posledn\u00ed dek\u00e1du 2,8kr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a080.\u00a0lety.<\/p>\n

Testy s\u00a0ohn\u011bm p\u016fsob\u00ed d\u011bsiv\u011b a\u00a0z\u00e1rove\u0148 impozantn\u011b. Hlavn\u00ed testovac\u00ed hala je vysok\u00e1 \u0161est pater a\u00a0jednu z\u00a0jej\u00edch zd\u00ed pokr\u00fdv\u00e1 105\u00a0ventil\u00e1tor\u016f (ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u00e1 pr\u016fm\u011br skoro 2\u00a0metry), ty dohromady vytvo\u0159\u00ed obrovsk\u00fd proud vzduchu simuluj\u00edc\u00ed vich\u0159ici. Kdy\u017e uvnit\u0159 haly pak v\u011bdci postav\u00ed testovac\u00ed d\u016fm, maj\u00ed mo\u017enost sledovat, jak ni\u010div\u011b p\u016fsob\u00ed ohe\u0148 poh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fd je\u0161t\u011b vichrem a\u00a0zejm\u00e9na pak divoce hnan\u00e1 smr\u0161\u0165 \u017ehav\u00fdch uhl\u00edk\u016f. Pr\u00e1v\u011b ty toti\u017e podle v\u011bdc\u016f zap\u00e1l\u00ed p\u0159i lesn\u00edch po\u017e\u00e1rech a\u017e 90\u00a0procent dom\u016f.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledky v\u00fdzkumu, kter\u00fd institut prov\u00e1d\u00ed, se postupn\u011b prom\u00edtaj\u00ed do kalifornsk\u00fdch protipo\u017e\u00e1rn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f. Nov\u00e9 domy mus\u00ed m\u00edt st\u011bny odoln\u00e9 proti vzn\u00edcen\u00ed, tvrzen\u00e1 nebo dvojit\u00e1 okna a\u00a0s\u00ed\u0165ovinu p\u0159es v\u011btrac\u00ed otvory, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo vniknut\u00ed uhl\u00edk\u016f dovnit\u0159. Stejn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 je p\u00e9\u010de o\u00a0vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 je pak vytvo\u0159en\u00ed tzv. obrann\u00e9 linie, tedy 1,5\u00a0m \u0161irok\u00e9ho pruhu kolem cel\u00e9ho domu, kde nesm\u00ed b\u00fdt um\u00edst\u011bn jak\u00fdkoli snadno ho\u0159lav\u00fd materi\u00e1l, jako je borovicov\u00fd mul\u010d nebo jehli\u010d\u00ed, v\u00ed\u0159ivka, d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fd plot nebo p\u0159evisl\u00e9 v\u011btve.<\/p>\n

Testy jasn\u011b uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee tyto p\u0159edm\u011bty um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e9 v\u00a0ochrann\u00e9 z\u00f3n\u011b zvy\u0161uj\u00ed riziko vzn\u00edcen\u00ed dom\u016f i\u00a0jejich vnit\u0159n\u00edho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. V\u00a0r\u00e1mci pokus\u016f v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci v\u00a0bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed bl\u00edzkosti testovac\u00edch dom\u016f zap\u00e1lili d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 bloky, kter\u00e9 vypadaly jako v\u011b\u017ee Jenga. Simulovan\u00fd v\u00edtr, kter\u00fd nechali z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b kol\u00edsat mezi 50\u00a0a\u00a090\u00a0km\/h, neust\u00e1le tla\u010dil plameny sm\u011brem k\u00a0domu. Jakmile okna a\u00a0zdi popraskaly, ohe\u0148 rychle pohltil ho\u0159lav\u00e9 v\u011bci uvnit\u0159 objektu, jako n\u00e1bytek, oble\u010den\u00ed a\u00a0plasty. Siln\u00fd v\u00edtr pak z\u00a0hrout\u00edc\u00ed se konstrukce budovy un\u00e1\u0161el d\u00e1l spr\u0161ky ho\u0159\u00edc\u00edch uhl\u00edk\u016f, kter\u00e9 by v\u00a0re\u00e1lu zapalovaly dal\u0161\u00ed domy v\u00a0okol\u00ed.<\/p>\n

I kdy\u017e v\u00fdzkumy v\u00a0Richburgu mohou p\u0159ipom\u00ednat sc\u00e9ny ze \u0161patn\u00e9ho ak\u010dn\u00edho filmu, jejich v\u00fdznam je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed. Ukazuj\u00ed toti\u017e mimo jin\u00e9, \u017ee i\u00a0v dob\u011b klimatick\u00fdch zm\u011bn a\u00a0rostouc\u00edho rizika po\u017e\u00e1r\u016f nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt majitel\u00e9 dom\u016f bezmocn\u00ed. Kombinace spr\u00e1vn\u00fdch konstruk\u010dn\u00edch materi\u00e1l\u016f, pravideln\u00e9 \u00fadr\u017eby zahrady a\u00a0eliminace ho\u0159lav\u00fdch prvk\u016f v\u00a0bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed bl\u00edzkosti obydl\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee znamenat rozd\u00edl mezi t\u00edm, zda d\u016fm p\u0159i po\u017e\u00e1ru lehne popelem, nebo odol\u00e1 a\u00a0p\u0159e\u010dk\u00e1 nejhor\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"B\u011bhem pokus\u016f ho\u0159\u00ed samotn\u00e9 domy na pr\u00e1zdn\u00e9m prostranstv\u00ed. V\u00a0re\u00e1lu v\u0161ak mus\u00edte p\u0159ipo\u010d\u00edst okoln\u00ed, obvykle ji\u017e zna\u010dn\u011b vyschlou vegetaci,…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":149193,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[7],"tags":[43,42,41,40,38097,735,1618],"class_list":["post-149192","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-cesko","tag-ceska-republika","tag-cesko","tag-czech-republic","tag-czechia","tag-jizni-karolina","tag-pozar","tag-testovani"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116928668202284970","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/149192","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=149192"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/149192\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/149193"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=149192"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=149192"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=149192"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}