{"id":151264,"date":"2026-07-18T12:28:16","date_gmt":"2026-07-18T12:28:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/151264\/"},"modified":"2026-07-18T12:28:16","modified_gmt":"2026-07-18T12:28:16","slug":"pod-carou-evropsky-zakaz-siti-pro-mlade-nejdriv-se-podivejte-do-australie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/151264\/","title":{"rendered":"Pod \u010darou: Evropsk\u00fd z\u00e1kaz s\u00edt\u00ed pro mlad\u00e9? Nejd\u0159\u00edv se pod\u00edvejte do Austr\u00e1lie"},"content":{"rendered":"

V newsletteru Pod \u010darou popisuje ka\u017edou sobotu Matou\u0161 Hrdina spole\u010densk\u00e9 trendy, kter\u00e9 sice v\u00edd\u00e1me v\u0161ude kolem sebe, ale v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edlivu ka\u017edodenn\u00edho zpravodajstv\u00ed trochu zanikaj\u00ed mezi \u0159\u00e1dky. Pokud v\u00e1s uk\u00e1zka zaujme, p\u0159ihlaste se k\u00a0odb\u011bru<\/a> pln\u00e9 verze newsletteru.<\/p>\n

\u010c\u00edm d\u00e1l v\u00edc zem\u00ed usiluje o\u00a0omezen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu d\u011bt\u00ed a\u00a0ml\u00e1de\u017ee k\u00a0soci\u00e1ln\u00edm s\u00edt\u00edm a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edm digit\u00e1ln\u00edm platform\u00e1m. R\u016fzn\u00e9 v\u011bkov\u00e9 limity\u00a0\u2013 nej\u010dast\u011bji 15\u00a0nebo 16\u00a0let\u00a0\u2013 u\u017e ve sv\u011bt\u011b zavedly \u010di zva\u017euj\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad Austr\u00e1lie, Velk\u00e1 Brit\u00e1nie a\u00a0Braz\u00edlie. V\u00a0r\u00e1mci EU je to pak \u0160pan\u011blsko, \u0158ecko, Francie a\u00a0\u0159ada dal\u0161\u00edch \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, koketuje s\u00a0n\u00edm i\u00a0\u010desk\u00fd premi\u00e9r Babi\u0161<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Nen\u00ed proto p\u0159ekvapen\u00edm, \u017ee se na stole ocitla ot\u00e1zka celoevropsk\u00e9 plo\u0161n\u00e9 regulace, kterou ji\u017e na za\u010d\u00e1tku tohoto t\u00fddne p\u0159isl\u00edbila p\u0159edsedkyn\u011b<\/a> Evropsk\u00e9 komise Ursula von der Leyen. P\u0159esn\u00fd legislativn\u00ed n\u00e1vrh m\u00e1 Komise p\u0159edstavit v\u00a0z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, ale ji\u017e te\u010f je jasn\u00e9, jak nejsp\u00ed\u0161 bude vypadat.<\/p>\n

Vych\u00e1z\u00ed z\u00a0reportu<\/a> evropsk\u00e9ho Speci\u00e1ln\u00edho panelu pro d\u011btskou online bezpe\u010dnost, kter\u00fd doporu\u010duje pln\u00fd z\u00e1kaz soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00ed, AI spole\u010dn\u00edk\u016f a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch, \u00fadajn\u011b rizikov\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f a\u00a0platforem shrnut\u00fdch pod n\u00e1lepku \u201esoci\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u00e9dia+\u201c do 13\u00a0let (s mo\u017enost\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu pod dozorem rodi\u010d\u016f a\u00a0u\u010ditel\u016f pro vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed \u00fa\u010dely) a\u00a0n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 postupn\u00e9 uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed dle v\u011bku.<\/p>\n

Dokument z\u00e1rove\u0148 zmi\u0148uje mo\u017enost dal\u0161\u00edho preventivn\u00edho nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed v\u011bkov\u00e9ho limitu dle pot\u0159eb jednotliv\u00fdch \u010dlensk\u00fdch zem\u00ed (jak u\u017e se to v\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti d\u011bje) a\u00a0\u010dasto pracuje s\u00a0p\u0159edstavou, \u017ee dosp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed by m\u011bli m\u00edt p\u0159\u00edstup jen k\u00a0platform\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 jsou \u201ebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 a\u00a0odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed v\u011bku\u201c.<\/p>\n

Tato hezky zn\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed teoretick\u00e1 idea je ale pon\u011bkud v\u00a0rozporu s\u00a0chaotickou povahou sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho online sv\u011bta a\u00a0podobn\u00fdch, od reality odtr\u017een\u00fdch n\u00e1vrh\u016f jsou v\u00a0rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9m reportu cel\u00e9 z\u00e1v\u011bje. V\u00a0mnoha pas\u00e1\u017e\u00edch nen\u00ed jasn\u00e9, co v\u0161echno v\u00e1gn\u00ed term\u00edn \u201esoci\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u00e9dia+\u201c vlastn\u011b m\u016f\u017ee pokr\u00fdvat, a\u00a0de facto nab\u00edz\u00ed st\u00e1t\u016fm i\u00a0Unii pod z\u00e1minkou ochrany d\u011bt\u00ed bianco \u0161ek k\u00a0regulac\u00edm jak\u00fdchkoliv platforem a\u00a0n\u00e1stroj\u016f, kter\u00e9 se jim znel\u00edb\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Poslechn\u011bte si audioverzi newsletteru na\u010dtenou autorem.<\/p>\n

Mnoz\u00ed experti nav\u00edc upozor\u0148uj\u00ed<\/a>, \u017ee velmi pochybn\u00e1 je i\u00a0legalita navrhovan\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed. Pokud by m\u011blo j\u00edt o\u00a0regulace k\u00a0ochran\u011b ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed po vzoru cigaret a\u00a0alkoholu, ty jsou v\u00a0kompetenci n\u00e1rodn\u00edch vl\u00e1d, a\u00a0nikoliv Bruselu, a\u00a0proto tak\u00e9 report nab\u00edz\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed kli\u010dku prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm GDPR\u00a0\u2013 z\u00e1kaz by mohl b\u00fdt uskute\u010dn\u011bn tak, \u017ee d\u011bti do p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9ho v\u011bkov\u00e9ho limitu nemohou d\u00e1t svolen\u00ed ke zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00fdch osobn\u00edch dat, a\u00a0proto se na s\u00edt\u011b nedostanou.<\/p>\n

Bohu\u017eel to nic nem\u011bn\u00ed na tom, \u017ee n\u00e1vrh von der Leyen m\u00e1 mezi evropsk\u00fdmi vl\u00e1dami \u0161irokou podporu. Osam\u011bl\u00fdm hlasem zdrav\u00e9ho rozumu zat\u00edm z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 jen Estonsko, kter\u00e9 plo\u0161n\u00e9 v\u011bkov\u00e9 limity a\u00a0z\u00e1kazy odm\u00edt\u00e1. Tamn\u00ed ministryn\u011b \u0161kolstv\u00ed Kristina Kallas velmi spr\u00e1vn\u011b podotkla<\/a>, \u017ee vyk\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed ze s\u00edt\u00ed nic nevy\u0159e\u0161\u00ed a\u00a0d\u011bti nav\u00edc velmi rychle najdou cesty, jak z\u00e1kazy obej\u00edt.<\/p>\n

Kallas tak\u00e9 pouk\u00e1zala na dal\u0161\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd rozm\u011br v\u011bci\u00a0\u2013 zaveden\u00ed v\u011bkov\u00fdch limit\u016f ve skute\u010dnosti p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed odpov\u011bdnost na vl\u00e1dy a\u00a0\u0159adov\u00e9 u\u017eivatele a\u00a0netla\u010d\u00ed na provozovatele platforem, aby je l\u00e9pe regulovali a\u00a0odstra\u0148ovali z\u00a0nich z\u00e1vadn\u00fd obsah. Unie tak podle n\u00ed jen projevuje slabost a\u00a0neochotu \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b kontrolovat vlivn\u00e9 americk\u00e9 digit\u00e1ln\u00ed korporace (k \u010demu\u017e p\u0159itom ji\u017e m\u00e1 potenci\u00e1ln\u011b \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd n\u00e1stroj v\u00a0podob\u011b Digital Services Act<\/a>).<\/p>\n

Jej\u00ed kolegyn\u011b, estonsk\u00e1 ministryn\u011b spravedlnosti a\u00a0digit\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed Liisa-Ly Pakosta, dodala i\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed p\u00e1dn\u00fd argument<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 z\u00e1kazy jsou l\u00edbiv\u00e1 a\u00a0jednoduch\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed, ale vl\u00e1dy by m\u00edsto nich m\u011bly investovat do lep\u0161\u00edho vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed, bez kter\u00e9ho se d\u011bti a\u00a0ml\u00e1de\u017e online tak jako tak neobejdou. Konstatuje, \u017ee kdy\u017e jedno z\u00a0deseti d\u011bt\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 soci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b probl\u00e9mov\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, st\u00e1t by m\u011bl hledat cestu, jak mu pomoci, ale plo\u0161n\u00fd z\u00e1kaz p\u0159\u00edstupu pro v\u0161echny jeho vrstevn\u00edky nejsp\u00ed\u0161 \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm nebude.<\/p>\n

Austr\u00e1lie jako smutn\u00e1 laborato\u0159<\/p>\n

N\u00e1mitky estonsk\u00fdch politi\u010dek nejsou jen r\u00e9torick\u00e1 cvi\u010den\u00ed, ale lze je podpo\u0159it v\u00fdzkumy a\u00a0dnes u\u017e i\u00a0praktick\u00fdmi zku\u0161enostmi. Evrop\u0161t\u00ed politici, novin\u00e1\u0159i, experti i\u00a0ve\u0159ejnost by m\u011bli v\u011bnovat co nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pozornost p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm d\u011bn\u00ed v\u00a0Austr\u00e1lii, kter\u00e1 plo\u0161n\u00fd z\u00e1kaz soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00ed pro mlad\u00e9 zavedla jako prvn\u00ed. Stopka pro d\u011bti do 16\u00a0let tam za\u010dala platit loni v\u00a0prosinci a\u00a0za necel\u00fdch osm m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f u\u017e je v\u00edce ne\u017e jasn\u00e9, \u017ee se z\u00a0cel\u00e9 v\u011bci stalo tragikomick\u00e9 fiasko.<\/p>\n

Ne\u0161lo p\u0159itom o\u00a0nic neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9ho. Australsk\u00fd parlament p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 opat\u0159en\u00ed schv\u00e1lil ji\u017e v\u00a0roce 2024\u00a0a\u00a0u\u017e tehdy \u0159ada expert\u016f a\u00a0kritik\u016f p\u0159edpov\u00eddala, k\u00a0\u010demu dojde. I\u00a0v tomto newsletteru jsem se mor\u00e1ln\u00edm panik\u00e1m kolem d\u011bt\u00ed a\u00a0s\u00edt\u00ed mnohokr\u00e1t v\u011bnoval<\/a>, a\u00a0tak si mohu dovolit ok\u0159\u00eddlen\u00e9 konstatov\u00e1n\u00ed \u201emy jsme v\u00e1m to \u0159\u00edkali\u201c. A\u00a0jak u\u017e to s\u00a0touto v\u011btou b\u00fdv\u00e1, jej\u00ed vysloven\u00ed nep\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed \u0161kodolibou radost, ale jen smutek a\u00a0zklam\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u010cl\u00e1nek ve v\u011bdeck\u00e9m \u010dasopise Nature na konci lo\u0148sk\u00e9ho roku p\u0159edpov\u00eddal<\/a>, \u017ee se z\u00a0Austr\u00e1lie stane doslova \u201ep\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed laborato\u0159\u201c a\u00a0ob\u0159\u00ed experiment pro soci\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u011bdce, ve kter\u00e9m budou roli pokusn\u00fdch kr\u00e1l\u00edk\u016f hr\u00e1t tamn\u00ed teenage\u0159i. A\u00a0te\u010f u\u017e z\u00a0t\u00e9to laborato\u0159e za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed p\u0159ich\u00e1zet prvn\u00ed p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Pozornost p\u0159it\u00e1hla zejm\u00e9na studie australsk\u00fdch v\u011bdc\u016f<\/a>, kte\u0159\u00ed sb\u00edrali data t\u011bsn\u011b p\u0159ed zaveden\u00edm z\u00e1kazu a\u00a0n\u00e1sledn\u011b t\u0159i m\u011bs\u00edce pot\u00e9. Zjistili, \u017ee 85\u00a0% respondent\u016f mlad\u0161\u00edch 16\u00a0let i\u00a0po z\u00e1kazu s\u00edt\u011b st\u00e1le pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm obch\u00e1zen\u00ed pravidel (konkr\u00e9tn\u011b jde o\u00a0Facebook, Instagram, Reddit, Snapchat, TikTok, Twitter, Threads, Twitch, Kick a\u00a0YouTube). Pouze ve v\u011bkov\u00e9 kategorii 14-15\u00a0let klesl po\u010det u\u017eivatel\u016f s\u00edt\u00ed asi o\u00a09\u00a0%, ale u\u00a0star\u0161\u00edch zase naopak m\u00edrn\u011b narostl.<\/p>\n

Auto\u0159i tak\u00e9 uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed, \u017ee nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed efekt (tedy odst\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed od soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00ed) mohou m\u00edt tato opat\u0159en\u00ed jen u\u00a0d\u011bt\u00ed mlad\u0161\u00edch osmi let, kter\u00e9 se s\u00edt\u011bmi je\u0161t\u011b v\u016fbec nemaj\u00ed zku\u0161enost\u00a0\u2013 lze si to vylo\u017eit i\u00a0tak, \u017ee pot\u0159eba pou\u017e\u00edvat s\u00edt\u011b logicky p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed s\u00a0n\u00e1stupem puberty, kdy si adolescenti za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed budovat vlastn\u00ed \u017eivot a\u00a0osobnost mimo vliv rodi\u010d\u016f a\u00a0soci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b jsou k\u00a0tomu dnes nenahraditeln\u00fdm prost\u0159edkem.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdzkum d\u00e1v\u00e1 do kontextu<\/a> technologick\u00fd report\u00e9r webu Intelligencer John Herrman, kter\u00fd popisuje, \u017ee zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed z\u00e1kazu doprov\u00e1zel naprost\u00fd chaos a\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00e1 rozt\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011bn\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 v\u00a0syst\u00e9mu nechala \u0159adu d\u011br. V\u011bt\u0161ina d\u011bt\u00ed se ani nemusela uchylovat k\u00a0pou\u017eit\u00ed VPN \u010di jin\u00fdch sofistikovan\u011bj\u0161\u00edch metod a\u00a0zpravidla jen sta\u010dilo lh\u00e1t \u010di jednodu\u0161e o\u0161idit automatick\u00e9 syst\u00e9my na rozpozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed obli\u010dej\u016f.<\/p>\n

Poukazuje tak na dal\u0161\u00ed varov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 dlouhodob\u011b opakovala<\/a> \u0159ada kritik\u016f a\u00a0odborn\u00edk\u016f\u00a0\u2013 jedinou skute\u010dn\u011b efektivn\u00ed metodou ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed v\u011bku na internetu je tvrd\u00e1 kontrola identity \u201ena ob\u010danku\u201c. Ta by se z\u00a0logiky v\u011bci musela t\u00fdkat i\u00a0dosp\u011bl\u00fdch a\u00a0vedla by tak k\u00a0dosud nev\u00eddan\u00fdm z\u00e1sah\u016fm do pr\u00e1va na soukrom\u00ed a\u00a0svobodu slova\u00a0\u2013 jednodu\u0161e \u0159e\u010deno, museli bychom prokazovat identitu p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edstupu na velkou \u010d\u00e1st cel\u00e9ho internetu.<\/p>\n

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Evrop\u0161t\u00ed politici i\u00a0auto\u0159i zmi\u0148ovan\u00e9ho reportu sice blouzn\u00ed o\u00a0zcela bezpe\u010dn\u00e9m a\u00a0anonymn\u00edm ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bku, ale d\u011bn\u00ed v\u00a0Austr\u00e1lii dob\u0159e ilustruje st\u0159et teorie s\u00a0prax\u00ed\u00a0\u2013 velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st platforem ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed outsourcuje t\u0159et\u00edm stran\u00e1m, co\u017e vede k\u00a0tomu, \u017ee nejen d\u011bti a\u00a0ml\u00e1de\u017e, ale i\u00a0\u0159ada dosp\u011bl\u00fdch tam najednou mus\u00ed nahr\u00e1vat sv\u00e9 fotky pochybn\u00fdm firm\u00e1m, propojovat sv\u00e9 profily na s\u00edt\u00edch s\u00a0bankovn\u00edmi \u00fa\u010dty apod.<\/p>\n

D\u011bn\u00ed v\u00a0Austr\u00e1lii je\u0161t\u011b l\u00e9pe poodkr\u00fdv\u00e1 \u010derstv\u00e1 studie<\/a> (zat\u00edm v\u00a0recenzn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed) v\u011bdc\u016f z\u00a0americk\u00e9ho National Bureau of Economic Research. Kdy\u017e se \u010dty\u0159i m\u011bs\u00edce po zaveden\u00ed australsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kazu pustili do dotazov\u00e1n\u00ed, zjistili, \u017ee v\u00a0kategorii 14-15\u00a0let ho dodr\u017eovalo jen m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 30\u00a0% respondent\u016f. Ti nav\u00edc uvedli, \u017ee aby o\u00a0poslu\u0161nosti za\u010dali uva\u017eovat, musely by z\u00e1kaz respektovat alespo\u0148 dv\u011b t\u0159etiny jejich vrstevn\u00edk\u016f, a\u00a0nep\u0159ekvapiv\u011b tak\u00e9 podotkli, \u017ee ti, kte\u0159\u00ed na s\u00edt\u00edch nejsou, jsou v\u00a0kolektivu m\u00e9n\u011b popul\u00e1rn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci proto spr\u00e1vn\u011b tipovali, \u017ee se probl\u00e9m bude d\u00e1l prohlubovat. Kdy\u017e dotazov\u00e1n\u00ed po dal\u0161\u00edch dvou m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch opakovali, zjistili, \u017ee pod\u00edl teenager\u016f dodr\u017euj\u00edc\u00edch z\u00e1kaz spadl jen asi na 6\u00a0% a\u00a0z cel\u00e9 v\u011bci se tak skute\u010dn\u011b stalo naprost\u00e9 fiasko\u00a0\u2013 a\u00a0to i\u00a0p\u0159esto, \u017ee si australsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da a\u00a0provozovatel\u00e9 platforem byli nedokonalost\u00ed v\u011bdomi a\u00a0ve sledovan\u00e9m obdob\u00ed \u201eutahovali \u0161rouby\u201c a\u00a0d\u00e1l se sna\u017eili p\u0159\u00edstup na s\u00edt\u011b zt\u00ed\u017eit.<\/p>\n

Druh\u00e9 kolo dotazov\u00e1n\u00ed tak\u00e9 uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee 50\u00a0% respondent\u016f sice n\u011bkdy na chv\u00edli s\u00edt\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvat p\u0159estalo, ale pak se na n\u011b vr\u00e1tilo, proto\u017ee tam jin\u00ed vrstevn\u00edci st\u00e1le byli. Nikoliv n\u00e1hodou to p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 situaci, kdy se boj\u00e1cn\u00fd teenager zdr\u00e1h\u00e1 j\u00edt do hospody, proto\u017ee mu to doma zak\u00e1zali, ale pak zjist\u00ed, \u017ee tam u\u017e sed\u00ed nejpopul\u00e1rn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed spolu\u017e\u00e1k i\u00a0nejhez\u010d\u00ed holka ze t\u0159\u00eddy – a\u00a0asi net\u0159eba dod\u00e1vat, jak se rozhodne.<\/p>\n

Auto\u0159i studie proto tak\u00e9 \u00fasm\u011bvn\u011b spekuluj\u00ed o\u00a0tom, \u017ee pro to, aby teenage\u0159i za\u010dali z\u00e1kaz dodr\u017eovat, je pot\u0159eba zm\u011bnit hodnoty a\u00a0normy a\u00a0p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit je, \u017ee soci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b nejsou cool, podobn\u011b, jako se to stalo u\u00a0cigaret. To je ov\u0161em zcela zav\u00e1d\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edm\u011br, proto\u017ee s\u00edt\u011b nemaj\u00ed s\u00a0cigaretami nic spole\u010dn\u00e9ho\u00a0\u2013 nen\u00ed to droga, ale prost\u0159edek ke komunikaci a\u00a0kontaktu se sv\u011btem, co\u017e je pro dosp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed zcela z\u00e1sadn\u00ed v\u011bc. Lich\u00e9 jsou proto i\u00a0\u00favahy o\u00a0tom, \u017ee generace \u201enepol\u00edben\u00e9\u201c s\u00edt\u011bmi u\u017e budou z\u00e1kaz dodr\u017eovat v\u00edce\u00a0\u2013 nar\u00e1\u017e\u00ed toti\u017e na odv\u011bk\u00e9 vlastnosti dosp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edch, kter\u00e9 tu byly ji\u017e d\u00e1vno p\u0159ed internetem.<\/p>\n

Ukazuje se, \u017ee \u0159ad\u011b v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch t\u00fdm\u016f zcela chyb\u00ed styk s\u00a0\u017eitou realitou dosp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edch (mimo jin\u00e9 proto, \u017ee zmi\u0148ovan\u00e9 panely a\u00a0org\u00e1ny \u010dasto tvo\u0159\u00ed zejm\u00e9na psychiat\u0159i, neurologov\u00e9 apod., ale sch\u00e1z\u00ed v\u00a0nich sociologov\u00e9, antropologov\u00e9, mediologov\u00e9 a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed v\u011bdci se zku\u0161enostmi s\u00a0dlouhodob\u00fdm kvalitativn\u00edm v\u00fdzkumem v\u00a0ter\u00e9nu mimo laborato\u0159e a\u00a0ordinace). Slo\u017eit\u00fdmi datov\u00fdmi anal\u00fdzami tak ov\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed pravdy, kter\u00e9 jsou jasn\u00e9 ka\u017ed\u00e9mu, kdo je\u0161t\u011b zcela nezapomn\u011bl, jak\u00e9 to je, kdy\u017e je v\u00e1m 14\u00a0let.<\/p>\n

Posledn\u00ed kousek svobodn\u00e9ho prostoru<\/p>\n

Auto\u0159i americk\u00e9 studie tak\u00e9 na konci dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed, \u017ee by mohlo pomoci, kdyby d\u011bti m\u011bly n\u011bjak\u00e9 alternativn\u00ed mo\u017enosti tr\u00e1ven\u00ed \u010dasu mimo soci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b. To je jist\u011b hezk\u00e1 my\u0161lenka, kter\u00e1 ov\u0161em nar\u00e1\u017e\u00ed na skute\u010dnost, \u017ee takov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti ji\u017e dnes t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 neexistuj\u00ed (by\u0165 v\u00a0Evrop\u011b je situace v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch ohledech lep\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e v\u00a0USA)\u00a0\u2013 a\u00a0mohou za to stejn\u00e9 paniky a\u00a0argumenty, kter\u00e9 nyn\u00ed sn\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed zast\u00e1nci tvrd\u00fdch z\u00e1kaz\u016f p\u0159\u00edstupu na s\u00edt\u011b.<\/p>\n

Blogerka Lenore Skenazy ve sloupku pro britsk\u00fd Guardian podot\u00fdk\u00e1<\/a>, \u017ee \u0159ada rodi\u010d\u016f i\u00a0politik\u016f b\u016fhv\u00edpro\u010d p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee kdy\u017e d\u011bti nebudou m\u00edt p\u0159\u00edstup na s\u00edt\u011b (ani se tam nebudou dost\u00e1vat pokoutn\u011b), pak jaksi automaticky vyb\u011bhnou do park\u016f a\u00a0h\u0159i\u0161\u0165, kde budou skota\u010dit jako za \u010das\u016f Rychl\u00fdch \u0161\u00edp\u016f.<\/p>\n

To se ov\u0161em ned\u011bje ani d\u00edt nebude, proto\u017ee v\u00a0z\u00e1padn\u00edch spole\u010dnostech u\u017e n\u011bkolik des\u00edtek let ub\u00fdvaj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti a\u00a0m\u00edsta, kde d\u011bti mohou tr\u00e1vit \u010das samy, podle sv\u00e9ho, bez dohledu a\u00a0neorganizovan\u011b (nespadaj\u00ed sem tedy nap\u0159. krou\u017eky). M\u016f\u017ee za to \u0159ada faktor\u016f, od obav o\u00a0bezpe\u010dnost p\u0159es \u0161patn\u00fd urbanismus a\u00a0s\u00edl\u00edc\u00ed tlak na v\u00fdkon ve \u0161kole a\u017e po obecnou zm\u011bnu hodnot. V\u00fdsledkem je situace, kdy d\u011bti tr\u00e1v\u00ed tak\u0159ka cel\u00fd den pod dohledem dosp\u011bl\u00fdch, kte\u0159\u00ed jim tak\u00e9 organizuj\u00ed program a\u00a0br\u00e1n\u00ed svobodn\u011b objevovat ob\u010das nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd a\u00a0nejist\u00fd divok\u00fd sv\u011bt \u201etam venku\u201c\u00a0\u2013 a\u00a0pokud u\u017e do n\u011bj mohou, pak jen pod neust\u00e1l\u00fdm dohledem skrze telefon.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Skenazy konstatuje, \u017ee tento proces u\u017e byl v\u00a0dob\u011b n\u00e1stupu smartphon\u016f a\u00a0soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00ed v\u00a0podstat\u011b dovr\u0161en, a\u00a0kdy\u017e hled\u00e1me hlavn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny pot\u00ed\u017e\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed a\u00a0ml\u00e1de\u017ee, nem\u011bli bychom ukazovat na telefony a\u00a0s\u00edt\u011b, ale pr\u00e1v\u011b na tuto ztr\u00e1tu svobody a\u00a0soukrom\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Odvol\u00e1v\u00e1 se p\u0159itom na knihy americk\u00e9ho psychologa Petera Graye, kter\u00e9 v\u00a0posledn\u00ed dob\u011b dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed zcela po z\u00e1sluze v\u00edce prostoru. Za p\u0159e\u010dten\u00ed ur\u010dit\u011b stoj\u00ed jeho ned\u00e1vn\u00fd profil<\/a> v\u00a0magaz\u00ednu The Atlantic, kde Gray (kter\u00e9mu je 82\u00a0let a\u00a0rozhodn\u011b to nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd mlad\u00fd alternativn\u00ed fanda Instagramu) p\u0159ehledn\u011b shrnuje sv\u00e9 n\u00e1zory.<\/p>\n

Postupn\u00e9 uzav\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed americk\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed do dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed a\u00a0\u0161kol sleduje u\u017e des\u00edtky let a\u00a0jeho varov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00fdvala do jist\u00e9 doby velmi popul\u00e1rn\u00ed\u00a0\u2013 v\u011bt\u0161ina rodi\u010d\u016f i\u00a0politik\u016f se toti\u017e shodne na tom, \u017ee d\u011bti by si v\u00edce m\u011bly \u201ehr\u00e1t na h\u0159i\u0161t\u00edch\u201c a\u00a0m\u00e9n\u011b \u201ehled\u011bt do televize\u201c. Na h\u0159i\u0161ti ov\u0161em nejde o\u00a0\u010dut\u00e1n\u00ed do balonu\u00a0\u2013 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd je pr\u00e1v\u011b onen nestrukturovan\u00fd svobodn\u00fd \u010das v\u00a0opravdov\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b, bez kter\u00e9ho se d\u011btem v\u00fdrazn\u011b zhor\u0161uje jejich psychick\u00e1 pohoda.<\/p>\n

Grayova popularita proto pozd\u011bji v\u00fdrazn\u011b poklesla, kdy\u017e se neb\u00e1l sv\u00e9 my\u0161lenky dov\u00e9st do d\u016fsledk\u016f\u00a0\u2013 onen opravdov\u00fd sv\u011bt se v\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti do velk\u00e9 m\u00edry nach\u00e1z\u00ed online, a\u00a0\u010das tr\u00e1ven\u00fd na s\u00edt\u00edch zde tedy hraje stejnou roli jako potulov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0ulic\u00edch. Kdy\u017e z\u00a0digit\u00e1ln\u00edch platforem dosp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed vyk\u00e1\u017eeme, m\u00e1 to stejn\u00fd dopad, jako kdy\u017e je zav\u0159eme do jejich pokoj\u016f. A\u00a0kdy\u017e jim umo\u017en\u00edme jen pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00edt\u00ed \u201epod dohledem\u201c \u010di p\u0159\u00edstup na \u201ebezpe\u010dn\u00e1 a\u00a0v\u011bku odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed m\u00edsta\u201c, kter\u00e1 se tak pozd\u00e1vaj\u00ed Ursule von der Leyen, ni\u010demu t\u00edm nepom\u016f\u017eeme\u00a0\u2013 zkuste si vzpomenout, jak\u00e9 to je, kdy\u017e v\u00e1s ve \u010dtrn\u00e1cti \u0161oupnou do n\u011bjak\u00e9ho bezpe\u010dn\u00e9ho prostoru pro d\u011bti.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Gray samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nep\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed fakt, \u017ee na s\u00edt\u00edch \u010d\u00edh\u00e1 \u0159ada nebezpe\u010d\u00ed\u00a0\u2013 \u00fapln\u011b stejn\u011b jako v\u00a0on\u011bch ulic\u00edch, ze kter\u00fdch jsme d\u011bti vyk\u00e1zali u\u017e d\u00e1vno. A\u00a0politici a\u00a0rodi\u010de, kte\u0159\u00ed te\u010f sv\u00e9 potomky cht\u011bj\u00ed odst\u0159ihnout od s\u00edt\u00ed, n\u00e1sledn\u011b zp\u016fsob\u00ed tot\u00e9\u017e, co jejich p\u0159edch\u016fdci, kte\u0159\u00ed v\u00a0p\u0159ehnan\u00e9 panice vytla\u010dili d\u011bti z\u00a0park\u016f do ob\u00fdv\u00e1k\u016f p\u0159ed televizi.<\/p>\n

Svou teorii podkl\u00e1d\u00e1 t\u00edm, \u017ee od 50.\u00a0do 80.\u00a0let minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed v\u00a0USA rostla m\u00edra sebevra\u017ed u\u00a0d\u011bt\u00ed a\u00a0mladistv\u00fdch, co\u017e mohlo b\u00fdt do velk\u00e9 m\u00edry zp\u016fsobeno pr\u00e1v\u011b ztr\u00e1tou svobody pohybu a\u00a0soukrom\u00ed\u00a0\u2013 a\u00a0kdy\u017e pak v\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch dek\u00e1d\u00e1ch za\u010dala klesat, mohly k\u00a0tomu p\u0159isp\u011bt videohry a\u00a0pozd\u011bji internet, kter\u00fd mlad\u00fdm znovu otev\u0159el alespo\u0148 n\u011bjak\u00fd svobodn\u00fd prostor.<\/p>\n

Grayovy my\u0161lenky d\u00e1l rozv\u00e1d\u00ed kanadsk\u00e1 psycholo\u017eka Candice Odgers, jej\u00ed\u017e hlas tak\u00e9 za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 v\u00edce rezonovat<\/a>. Na rozd\u00edl od mnoha akademik\u016f pracuj\u00edc\u00edch s\u00a0abstraktn\u00edmi daty se s\u00a0adolescenty skute\u010dn\u011b dlouh\u00e1 l\u00e9ta bav\u00ed a\u00a0podrobn\u011b sleduje, co, jak a\u00a0pro\u010d vlastn\u011b na sv\u00fdch telefonech d\u011blaj\u00ed\u00a0\u2013 a\u00a0nep\u0159ekvapiv\u011b pak doch\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0v\u00fdrazn\u011b odli\u0161n\u00fdm z\u00e1v\u011br\u016fm ne\u017e analytici, kte\u0159\u00ed se tvrdohlav\u011b sna\u017e\u00ed srovn\u00e1vat statistiky depres\u00ed a\u00a0pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed Facebooku.<\/p>\n

I ona upozor\u0148uje, \u017ee odst\u0159i\u017een\u00ed od s\u00edt\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pro dosp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u011b \u0161kodliv\u00e9, proto\u017ee je p\u0159ipravuje o\u00a0\u2013 v\u00a0pubert\u011b tak z\u00e1sadn\u00ed\u00a0\u2013 svobodn\u00fd a\u00a0nekontrolovan\u00fd prostor a\u00a0styk s\u00a0lidmi. Konstatuje tak\u00e9, \u017ee teze o\u00a0\u0161kodliv\u00fdch telefonech a\u00a0u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fdch z\u00e1kazech jsou u\u00a0politik\u016f a\u00a0rodi\u010d\u016f velmi popul\u00e1rn\u00ed, proto\u017ee potvrzuj\u00ed jejich existuj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159edsudky, d\u00e1vaj\u00ed jim snadn\u00e9 rozh\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed a\u00a0stav\u00ed je do role ob\u011bti zl\u00fdch korporac\u00ed.<\/p>\n

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P\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit je naopak o\u00a0tom, \u017ee psychick\u00e9 a\u00a0soci\u00e1ln\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee teenager\u016f maj\u00ed \u0159adu komplexn\u00edch p\u0159\u00ed\u010din a\u00a0m\u016f\u017ee za n\u011b i\u00a0ztr\u00e1ta svobody a\u00a0soukrom\u00ed, je v\u00fdrazn\u011b t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed, ale bez toho se nikdy pozitivn\u00edm sm\u011brem neposuneme. Pomoci by tu mohla jak ji\u017e d\u0159\u00edve zn\u00e1m\u00e1 data (tedy t\u0159eba fakt, \u017ee mlad\u00ed trp\u00edc\u00ed depresemi maj\u00ed tendenci k\u00a0del\u0161\u00edmu pobytu na s\u00edt\u00edch nebo \u017ee d\u011bti \u0161ikanovan\u00e9 online b\u00fdvaly v\u00edce \u0161ikanov\u00e1ny i\u00a0offline), tak i\u00a0aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed zku\u0161enosti z\u00a0Austr\u00e1lie, kter\u00e9 ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd z\u00e1kon nedok\u00e1\u017ee p\u0159ekonat p\u0159irozen\u00e9 tendence adolescent\u016f.<\/p>\n

T\u011bm, jim\u017e nele\u017e\u00ed na srdci zdrav\u00fd rozvoj d\u011bt\u00ed, by mohl otev\u0159\u00edt o\u010di i\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed, ji\u017e d\u0159\u00edve p\u0159edpov\u00eddan\u00fd a\u00a0dnes v\u00a0Austr\u00e1lii potvrzen\u00fd poznatek\u00a0\u2013 tedy \u017ee ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bku na s\u00edt\u00edch nevyhnuteln\u011b vede k\u00a0t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm z\u00e1sah\u016fm do soukrom\u00ed a\u00a0omezen\u00ed online anonymity u\u00a0cel\u00e9 populace, v\u010detn\u011b dosp\u011bl\u00fdch, m\u00e1 jen pochybn\u00e9 benefity, kter\u00e9 ani zdaleka nevyva\u017euj\u00ed rizika a\u00a0mo\u017enosti zneu\u017eit\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V ot\u00e1zce dopad\u016f soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00ed na d\u011bti a\u00a0ml\u00e1de\u017e \u010dasto varuji p\u0159ed ploch\u00fdmi korelacemi, spekulacemi a\u00a0p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00fdmi odhady, ale jeden tip si p\u0159esto dovol\u00edm. Pokud se skute\u010dn\u011b n\u011bkde poda\u0159\u00ed vytvo\u0159it \u201epokusnou skupinu\u201c teenager\u016f nedobrovoln\u011b odst\u0159i\u017een\u00fdch od s\u00edt\u00ed, za p\u00e1r let tu nejsp\u00ed\u0161 budu ps\u00e1t o\u00a0studi\u00edch prokazuj\u00edc\u00edch, jak moc jim tento neuv\u00e1\u017een\u00fd krok u\u0161kodil.<\/p>\n

Abychom se tomu vyhnuli a\u00a0vedle mlad\u00fdch Australan\u016f ned\u011blali pokusn\u00e9 kr\u00e1l\u00edky i\u00a0z evropsk\u00fdch dosp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edch, bylo by pot\u0159eba, aby europoslanci, politici, novin\u00e1\u0159i i\u00a0rodi\u010dov\u0161t\u00ed aktivist\u00e9 v\u00a0n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch co nejv\u00edce naslouchali n\u00e1zor\u016fm sv\u00fdch estonsk\u00fdch koleg\u016f. A\u00a0p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u00a0Austr\u00e1lii i\u00a0jin\u00fdch koutech sv\u011bta pozorovali skute\u010dnou realitu a\u00a0\u017eivoty mlad\u00fdch a\u00a0ne\u017eivili jen sv\u00e9 po\u0161etil\u00e9 p\u0159edstavy o\u00a0tom, jak\u00e9 poslu\u0161n\u00e9, bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 a\u00a0zodpov\u011bdn\u00e9 puber\u0165\u00e1ky by doma cht\u011bli m\u00edt.<\/p>\n

Pokud se v\u00e1m uk\u00e1zka z\u00a0newsletteru Pod \u010darou l\u00edbila, p\u0159ihlaste se k\u00a0odb\u011bru<\/a>. Ka\u017edou sobotu ho dostanete p\u0159\u00edmo do va\u0161eho e-mailu, v\u010detn\u011b tip\u016f na dal\u0161\u00ed zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 \u010dten\u00ed z\u00a0\u010desk\u00fdch i\u00a0zahrani\u010dn\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"V newsletteru Pod \u010darou popisuje ka\u017edou sobotu Matou\u0161 Hrdina spole\u010densk\u00e9 trendy, kter\u00e9 sice v\u00edd\u00e1me v\u0161ude kolem sebe, ale…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":151265,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[11],"tags":[38655,444,2403,249,1700,920,3106,521,54,948,1000,53,52,35109],"class_list":["post-151264","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-svet","tag-adolescenti","tag-deti","tag-dospivajici","tag-evropska-komise","tag-instagram","tag-kyberneticka-bezpecnost","tag-pod-carou","tag-socialni-site","tag-svet","tag-tiktok","tag-ursula-von-der-leyen","tag-world","tag-world-news","tag-zakaz-mobilu-ve-skolach"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116940983934149587","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/151264","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=151264"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/151264\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/151265"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=151264"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=151264"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=151264"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}