{"id":154657,"date":"2026-07-22T04:48:13","date_gmt":"2026-07-22T04:48:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/154657\/"},"modified":"2026-07-22T04:48:13","modified_gmt":"2026-07-22T04:48:13","slug":"miliarda-eur-denne-takhle-hlubokou-diru-ma-evropa-v-obchode-s-cinou","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/154657\/","title":{"rendered":"Miliarda eur denn\u011b. Takhle hlubokou d\u00edru m\u00e1 Evropa v obchod\u011b s \u010c\u00ednou"},"content":{"rendered":"

Komise hodl\u00e1 zp\u0159\u00edsnit ochranu evropsk\u00e9ho trhu p\u0159ed\u00a0rychle rostouc\u00edm \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdm dovozem je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e na\u00a0podzim vyhodnot\u00ed v\u00fdsledky jedn\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0Pekingem. Samotn\u00fd dialog podle Bruselu nesta\u010d\u00ed k\u00a0zastaven\u00ed tlaku na\u00a0evropsk\u00e9 ocel\u00e1rny, chemick\u00e9 podniky, v\u00fdrobce stroj\u016f, elektroniky a\u00a0automobilov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl.<\/p>\n

\u201eDialog s\u00e1m o\u00a0sob\u011b nebude sta\u010dit,\u201c \u0159ekl europoslanc\u016fm z\u00e1stupce gener\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0159editele unijn\u00edho \u0159editelstv\u00ed pro\u00a0obchod Denis Redonnet. Evropsk\u00e1 unie podle n\u011bj mus\u00ed rozhodnout, jak ochr\u00e1nit svou pr\u016fmyslovou z\u00e1kladnu, a\u00a0pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b p\u0159ijme jednostrann\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed\u00a0podzimn\u00edm vyhodnocen\u00edm jedn\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0\u010c\u00ednou. Jeho vystoupen\u00ed popsal server Euronews<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Brusel a\u00a0Peking zah\u00e1jily novou f\u00e1zi obchodn\u00edch konzultac\u00ed 29. \u010dervna. Eurokomisa\u0159 Maro\u0161 \u0160ef\u010dovi\u010d a\u00a0\u010d\u00ednsk\u00fd ministr obchodu Wang Wen-tchao vytvo\u0159ili \u010dty\u0159i\u00a0pracovn\u00ed okruhy zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 na\u00a0vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed obchodu a\u00a0investic, v\u00fdvozn\u00ed kontroly, ochranu du\u0161evn\u00edho vlastnictv\u00ed a\u00a0reformu Sv\u011btov\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed organizace. Ob\u011b strany se\u00a0podle spole\u010dn\u00e9ho prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed<\/a> dohodly, \u017ee se na ministersk\u00e9 \u00farovni znovu setkaj\u00ed na podzim.<\/p>\n

\u0160ef\u010dovi\u010d chce m\u00edt do\u00a0\u0159\u00edjna konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed v\u00fdsledky. Nejde ale o\u00a0pr\u00e1vn\u00ed ultim\u00e1tum, po\u00a0jeho\u017e nespln\u011bn\u00ed by automaticky n\u00e1sledovaly sankce. Komise sou\u010dasn\u011b d\u00e1v\u00e1 najevo, \u017ee obchodn\u00ed obranu nebude po\u00a0dobu rozhovor\u016f odkl\u00e1dat.<\/p>\n

\"\u010c\u00edna<\/a> T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 miliarda eur denn\u011b <\/p>\n

Hlavn\u00edm argumentem Bruselu je rostouc\u00ed nerovnov\u00e1ha. Evropsk\u00e1 unie v\u00a0roce 2025 vyvezla do\u00a0\u010c\u00edny zbo\u017e\u00ed za\u00a0199,6 miliardy eur, zat\u00edmco dovezla v\u00fdrobky za\u00a0559,4 miliardy eur. Schodek tak podle Eurostatu<\/a> dos\u00e1hl 359,8 miliardy eur, v pr\u016fm\u011bru p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 986 milion\u016f eur denn\u011b. V\u00fdvoz proti p\u0159edchoz\u00edmu roku klesl o 6,5 procenta a dovoz vzrostl o 6,4 procenta.<\/p>\n

Nejde v\u0161ak o\u00a0historick\u00fd rekord. Deficit v\u00a0obchodu se\u00a0zbo\u017e\u00edm dos\u00e1hl podle Evropsk\u00e9 komise<\/a> maxima 397,3 miliardy eur u\u017e v roce 2022. Sou\u010dasn\u00fd v\u00fdvoj je p\u0159esto pro Evropu nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fd: za posledn\u00edch deset let se objem schodku zv\u00fd\u0161il v\u00edce ne\u017e p\u011btin\u00e1sobn\u011b a jeho hodnota v\u00edce ne\u017e dvojn\u00e1sobn\u011b.<\/p>\n

Probl\u00e9mem nen\u00ed pouze v\u00fdsledn\u00fd rozd\u00edl mezi dovozem a\u00a0v\u00fdvozem. Komise upozor\u0148uje na\u00a0\u010d\u00ednskou st\u00e1tn\u00ed podporu strategick\u00fdch odv\u011btv\u00ed, omezen\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup evropsk\u00fdch firem na\u00a0tamn\u00ed trh, tlak na\u00a0technologick\u00e9 transfery a\u00a0politiku nahrazov\u00e1n\u00ed zahrani\u010dn\u00edch v\u00fdrobk\u016f dom\u00e1c\u00ed produkc\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u010c\u00ednsk\u00e9 podniky z\u00e1rove\u0148 roz\u0161i\u0159uj\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00ed kapacity rychleji, ne\u017e roste dom\u00e1c\u00ed popt\u00e1vka. P\u0159ebytek produkce proto m\u00ed\u0159\u00ed na\u00a0zahrani\u010dn\u00ed trhy. Po\u00a0zp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bn\u00ed americk\u00fdch cel se\u00a0Evropa ob\u00e1v\u00e1 tak\u00e9 p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9ho v\u00fdvozu, kter\u00fd u\u017e nem\u016f\u017ee ve\u00a0stejn\u00e9m objemu vstupovat do\u00a0Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f.<\/p>\n

Komise proto upravila sv\u016fj importn\u00ed barometr<\/a>. N\u00e1stroj se\u00a0nebude soust\u0159edit jen na\u00a0n\u00e1hl\u00e9 kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 n\u00e1r\u016fsty dovozu, ale tak\u00e9 na\u00a0dlouhodob\u00e9 trendy spojen\u00e9 s\u00a0pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdmi nadkapacitami a\u00a0st\u00e1tn\u00ed podporou. Aktualizovat se\u00a0m\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00e9 \u010dtvrtlet\u00ed a\u00a0m\u00e1 pom\u00e1hat vyb\u00edrat v\u00fdrobky, u\u00a0nich\u017e m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nutn\u00fd obchodn\u00ed z\u00e1sah.<\/p>\n

Ocel dostala vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ochrann\u00fd val <\/p>\n

Nejv\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed zat\u00edm p\u0159i\u0161lo v\u00a0ocel\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed. Od\u00a01. \u010dervence m\u016f\u017ee do\u00a0Unie bez\u00a0dodate\u010dn\u00e9ho cla vstoupit 18,3 milionu tun oceli ro\u010dn\u011b. Jakmile obchodn\u00ed partner vy\u010derp\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nou kv\u00f3tu, dovoz nad\u00a0jej\u00ed r\u00e1mec podl\u00e9h\u00e1 pades\u00e1tiprocentn\u00edmu clu.<\/p>\n

Nejde tedy o\u00a0clo ve\u00a0v\u00fd\u0161i\u00a050 procent na\u00a0ka\u017edou tunu dov\u00e1\u017een\u00e9 oceli. Produkce, kter\u00e1 vstoup\u00ed na\u00a0trh v\u00a0r\u00e1mci p\u0159id\u011blen\u00e9 kv\u00f3ty, z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 od\u00a0dodate\u010dn\u00e9 sazby osvobozena. P\u0159esn\u00e9 fungov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9mu vysv\u011btluje Evropsk\u00e1 komise<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Opat\u0159en\u00ed nav\u00edc nen\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159eno pouze na\u00a0\u010c\u00ednu. Reaguje na\u00a0glob\u00e1ln\u00ed nadbytek ocel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch kapacit a\u00a0vztahuje se\u00a0na\u00a0\u0161ir\u0161\u00ed okruh dovozc\u016f. \u010c\u00edna\u00a0je v\u0161ak pova\u017eov\u00e1na\u00a0za\u00a0kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9ho p\u016fvodce sv\u011btov\u00e9 nadprodukce a\u00a0evropsk\u00e9 hut\u011b se\u00a0dlouhodob\u011b ob\u00e1vaj\u00ed, \u017ee levn\u00e1 ocel vytla\u010d\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00ed v\u00fdrobu.<\/p>\n

Podobn\u00e9 ochrann\u00e9 re\u017eimy by mohly vzniknout i\u00a0v\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch odv\u011btv\u00edch. Jejich p\u0159ijet\u00ed ale komplikuje konflikt mezi v\u00fdrobci a\u00a0odb\u011brateli. Omezen\u00ed dovozu oceli pom\u016f\u017ee evropsk\u00fdm hut\u00edm, z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee zv\u00fd\u0161it n\u00e1klady automobilek, stavebn\u00edch firem a\u00a0v\u00fdrobc\u016f stroj\u016f.<\/p>\n

Redonnet proto zm\u00ednil mo\u017enost vytvo\u0159en\u00ed solid\u00e1rn\u00edho mechanismu, kter\u00fd by pomohl zem\u00edm a\u00a0odv\u011btv\u00edm nesouc\u00edm nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1klady spole\u010dn\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed obrany. Komise v\u0161ak zat\u00edm nezve\u0159ejnila legislativn\u00ed n\u00e1vrh, rozpo\u010det ani zdroj financov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\"\u010c\u00edna<\/a> Pneumatiky u\u017e clo maj\u00ed, kachny se\u00a0teprve vy\u0161et\u0159uj\u00ed <\/p>\n

Vedle \u0161irok\u00fdch kv\u00f3t chce Komise postupovat p\u0159\u00edpad od\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpadu prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm antidumpingov\u00fdch a\u00a0antisubven\u010dn\u00edch \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Ta se\u00a0nezam\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed na\u00a0cel\u00fd \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fd v\u00fdvoz, ale na\u00a0konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed v\u00fdrobek a\u00a0konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed obchodn\u00ed praktiku.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0\u010dervenci Unie zavedla na\u00a0\u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 pneumatiky pro\u00a0osobn\u00ed auta a\u00a0lehk\u00e9 u\u017eitkov\u00e9 vozy definitivn\u00ed antidumpingov\u00e1 cla od\u00a04,3 do\u00a045,3 procenta. Vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed podle Evropsk\u00e9 komise<\/a> dosp\u011blo k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky vstupovaly na evropsk\u00fd trh za dumpingov\u00e9 ceny a po\u0161kozovaly m\u00edstn\u00ed pr\u016fmysl. \u010c\u00ednsk\u00fd dovoz m\u011bl v roce 2024 hodnotu p\u0159es 2,5 miliardy eur a dr\u017eel 28 procent trhu.<\/p>\n

U\u00a0kachny pekingsk\u00e9 je situace jin\u00e1. Komise zat\u00edm pouze otev\u0159ela antidumpingov\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed. Mus\u00ed teprve ov\u011b\u0159it, zda se\u00a0\u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 maso prod\u00e1v\u00e1 pod\u00a0b\u011b\u017enou hodnotou, zda evropsk\u00fdm producent\u016fm vznik\u00e1 \u00fajma a\u00a0zda mezi ob\u011bma jevy existuje p\u0159\u00edm\u00e1 souvislost. Zah\u00e1jen\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed potvrzuje \u00da\u0159edn\u00ed v\u011bstn\u00edk\u00a0EU<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed spor\u016f od\u00a0elektromobil\u016f, oceli a\u00a0chemik\u00e1li\u00ed a\u017e\u00a0k\u00a0pneumatik\u00e1m a\u00a0potravin\u00e1m ukazuje, \u017ee konflikt p\u0159est\u00e1v\u00e1 b\u00fdt izolovan\u00fdm st\u0159etem n\u011bkolika odv\u011btv\u00ed. Postupn\u011b se\u00a0m\u011bn\u00ed ve\u00a0spor o\u00a0samotn\u00fd \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fd hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd model a\u00a0schopnost Evropy zachovat v\u00fdrobu na\u00a0vlastn\u00edm \u00fazem\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Evropsk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty nemaj\u00ed stejn\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy <\/p>\n

Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed slabinou evropsk\u00e9 odpov\u011bdi nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt nedostatek obchodn\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u016f, ale rozd\u00edln\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy \u010dlensk\u00fdch zem\u00ed. St\u00e1ty se\u00a0silnou pr\u016fmyslovou v\u00fdrobou po\u017eaduj\u00ed ochranu dom\u00e1c\u00edch producent\u016f. Zem\u011b a\u00a0podniky z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na\u00a0levn\u00fdch \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch vstupech se\u00a0naopak ob\u00e1vaj\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed n\u00e1klad\u016f.<\/p>\n

Stejn\u00fd rozpor je vid\u011bt v\u00a0automobilov\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu. Evropsk\u00fdm v\u00fdrobc\u016fm vad\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed podpora \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch elektromobil\u016f, z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u0161ak \u010d\u00e1st z\u00a0nich provozuje tov\u00e1rny v\u00a0\u010c\u00edn\u011b, vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 baterie a\u00a0pova\u017euje tamn\u00ed trh za\u00a0z\u00e1sadn\u00ed zdroj tr\u017eeb.<\/p>\n

\u010c\u00edna\u00a0nav\u00edc dok\u00e1\u017ee reagovat c\u00edlen\u011b. V\u00a0minulosti zas\u00e1hla evropsk\u00fd ko\u0148ak, vep\u0159ov\u00e9 maso nebo ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky tak, aby obchodn\u00ed odveta dopadla na\u00a0konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty a\u00a0oslabila jejich ochotu podporovat spole\u010dn\u00fd evropsk\u00fd postup.<\/p>\n

Evropsk\u00e1 unie proto st\u00e1le odm\u00edt\u00e1 \u00fapln\u00e9 ekonomick\u00e9 odd\u011blen\u00ed od\u00a0\u010c\u00edny. Ofici\u00e1ln\u00edm c\u00edlem z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed rizik, diverzifikace dodavatelsk\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f a\u00a0omezen\u00ed kritick\u00fdch z\u00e1vislost\u00ed, nikoli ukon\u010den\u00ed obchodu.<\/p>\n

T\u00f3n se\u00a0p\u0159esto m\u011bn\u00ed. Brusel u\u017e nechce \u010dekat, zda diplomatick\u00e1 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed jednou p\u0159inesou v\u00fdsledek. S\u00a0\u010c\u00ednou bude d\u00e1l mluvit, sou\u010dasn\u011b ale p\u0159ipravuje cla, kv\u00f3ty, monitoring a\u00a0vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e1 mohou za\u010d\u00edt m\u011bnit obchodn\u00ed toky je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed\u00a0podzimn\u00edm jedn\u00e1n\u00edm.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Komise hodl\u00e1 zp\u0159\u00edsnit ochranu evropsk\u00e9ho trhu p\u0159ed\u00a0rychle rostouc\u00edm \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdm dovozem je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e na\u00a0podzim vyhodnot\u00ed v\u00fdsledky jedn\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0Pekingem.…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":154658,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[3],"tags":[39222,39235,39236,1079,4920,202,39242,39227,39229,38917,39226,1070,39231,39244,39248,39224,39232,10440,39245,2075,9131,109,108,1545,106,249,10452,571,39238,39243,39249,6179,39246,39241,14084,36851,39223,39247,39221,35092,39230,39234,1821,12402,38453,39233,39237,39239,4337,39228,14910,6884,39240,39251,39225,39250],"class_list":["post-154657","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-evropa","tag-360-miliard-eur","tag-antidumpingova-cla","tag-antisubvencni-cla","tag-automobilovy-prumysl","tag-chemicky-prumysl","tag-cina","tag-cinska-elektroauta","tag-cinska-nadprodukce","tag-cinske-dotace","tag-cinsky-dovoz","tag-cinsky-export","tag-cinsky-trh","tag-cla-na-cinske-zbozi","tag-de-risking","tag-deficit-se-zbozim","tag-denis-redonnet","tag-dovozni-kvoty","tag-dusevni-vlastnictvi","tag-ekonomicka-bezpecnost","tag-elektromobily","tag-elektronika","tag-europa","tag-europe","tag-eurostat","tag-evropa","tag-evropska-komise","tag-evropska-konkurenceschopnost","tag-evropska-unie","tag-evropske-ocelarny","tag-evropske-tovarny","tag-evropsky-export","tag-evropsky-prumysl","tag-importni-barometr","tag-kachna-pekingska","tag-kriticke-suroviny","tag-maros-sefcovic","tag-miliarda-eur-denne","tag-monitoring-dovozu","tag-obchod-eu-cina","tag-obchodni-deficit","tag-obchodni-konflikt","tag-obchodni-obrana","tag-obchodni-valka","tag-ocel","tag-ocelarstvi","tag-ochrana-evropskeho-trhu","tag-ochranna-opatreni","tag-padesatiprocentni-clo","tag-pneumatiky","tag-prumyslove-nadkapacity","tag-strategicka-autonomie","tag-strojirenstvi","tag-tarifni-kvota","tag-vyvozni-kontroly","tag-wang-wen-tchao","tag-wto"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"","error":"Validation failed: Text character limit of 500 exceeded"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/154657","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=154657"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/154657\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/154658"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=154657"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=154657"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=154657"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}