{"id":159410,"date":"2026-07-27T04:12:08","date_gmt":"2026-07-27T04:12:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/159410\/"},"modified":"2026-07-27T04:12:08","modified_gmt":"2026-07-27T04:12:08","slug":"ma-2000-let-a-je-porad-jako-novy-cim-to-ze-rimsky-beton-z-hadrianovy-vily-je-tak-odolny","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/159410\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00e1 2000\u00a0let a\u00a0je po\u0159\u00e1d jako nov\u00fd. \u010c\u00edm to, \u017ee \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fd beton z\u00a0Hadri\u00e1novy vily je tak odoln\u00fd?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Jak informoval v\u011bdeck\u00fd server Phys.org<\/a>, v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci analyzovali p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1900\u00a0let star\u00fd vzorek pomoc\u00ed 3D rentgenov\u00e9 tomografie, elektronov\u00e9 mikroskopie i\u00a0chemick\u00fdch a\u00a0mineralogick\u00fdch metod.<\/p>\n

Podle studie, publikovan\u00e9 tento m\u011bs\u00edc v\u00a0odborn\u00e9m \u010dasopise Science Advances<\/a>, zjistili, \u017ee mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e1 \u017eivotnost \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9ho betonu nen\u00ed d\u00e1na pouze pou\u017eit\u00edm vulkanick\u00e9ho popela a\u00a0v\u00e1pna, jak se dlouho p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dalo. V\u00fdznamnou roli hraje tak\u00e9 velmi pomal\u00fd proces karbonatace, kter\u00fd materi\u00e1l v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu stalet\u00ed d\u00e1le zpev\u0148uje.<\/p>\n

Karbonatace vznik\u00e1 podle webu Ancient Origins<\/a> reakc\u00ed oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho ze vzduchu s\u00a0v\u00e1penat\u00fdmi slou\u010deninami uvnit\u0159 betonu. V\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu stalet\u00ed se v\u00a0n\u011bm vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed krystaly kalcitu, kter\u00e9 postupn\u011b vypl\u0148uj\u00ed drobn\u00e9 p\u00f3ry a\u00a0mikrotrhliny. Beton se t\u00edm st\u00e1v\u00e1 hust\u0161\u00edm, m\u00e9n\u011b propustn\u00fdm pro vodu i\u00a0agresivn\u00ed chemick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky a\u00a0z\u00e1rove\u0148 odoln\u011bj\u0161\u00edm v\u016f\u010di dal\u0161\u00edmu po\u0161kozen\u00ed. Jin\u00fdmi slovy\u00a0\u2013 materi\u00e1l se p\u0159irozen\u011b \u201eut\u011bs\u0148uje\u201c a\u00a0jeho struktura se s\u00a0\u010dasem d\u00e1le stabilizuje.<\/p>\n

<\/a>Geni\u00e1ln\u00ed slo\u017een\u00ed<\/p>\n

V\u011bdci p\u0159itom navazuj\u00ed na p\u0159edchoz\u00ed v\u00fdzkum z\u00a0roku 2023, kter\u00fd uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee b\u00edl\u00e9 hrudky ne zcela vyp\u00e1len\u00e9ho v\u00e1pna uvnit\u0159 \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9ho betonu nejsou v\u00fdrobn\u00ed vadou, ale z\u00e1m\u011brnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed receptury. Pokud se toti\u017e v\u00a0materi\u00e1lu vytvo\u0159\u00ed trhlina a\u00a0pronikne do n\u00ed voda, tyto v\u00e1penat\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stice se rozpou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed a\u00a0podporuj\u00ed vznik nov\u00fdch miner\u00e1l\u016f, kter\u00e9 po\u0161kozen\u00ed zaceluj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Aktu\u00e1ln\u011b zkouman\u00fd vzorek poch\u00e1zel z\u00a0ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 latr\u00edny v\u00a0rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9m komplexu Hadri\u00e1novy vily, zapsan\u00e9m na seznamu sv\u011btov\u00e9ho d\u011bdictv\u00ed UNESCO. Pr\u00e1v\u011b toto m\u00edsto poskytlo v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b zachoval\u00fd beton, kter\u00fd nebyl v\u00fdrazn\u011b ovlivn\u011bn pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi opravami ani modern\u00edmi z\u00e1sahy. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci tak mohli sledovat chemick\u00e9 zm\u011bny, je\u017e v\u00a0materi\u00e1lu prob\u00edhaly nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u011b t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dv\u011b tis\u00edcilet\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Beton budoucnosti<\/p>\n

Objev m\u00e1 v\u00fdznam i\u00a0pro sou\u010dasn\u00e9 stavebnictv\u00ed. V\u00fdroba b\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho portlandsk\u00e9ho cementu pat\u0159\u00ed mezi v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 zdroje emis\u00ed oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho. <\/p>\n

Pokud by se poda\u0159ilo vyu\u017e\u00edt v\u00fdrobn\u00ed principy starov\u011bk\u00e9ho \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9ho betonu p\u0159i v\u00fdvoji nov\u00fdch betonov\u00fdch sm\u011bs\u00ed, mohly by vzniknout konstrukce s\u00a0v\u00fdrazn\u011b del\u0161\u00ed \u017eivotnost\u00ed a\u00a0ni\u017e\u0161\u00edmi n\u00e1roky na opravy i\u00a0v\u00fdrobu nov\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu. Pr\u00e1v\u011b del\u0161\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00ed cyklus staveb by pak mohl p\u0159isp\u011bt ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed jejich celkov\u00e9 uhl\u00edkov\u00e9 stopy.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Jak informoval v\u011bdeck\u00fd server Phys.org, v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci analyzovali p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1900\u00a0let star\u00fd vzorek pomoc\u00ed 3D rentgenov\u00e9 tomografie, elektronov\u00e9 mikroskopie i\u00a0chemick\u00fdch…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":159411,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[7],"tags":[3350,3344,19619,43,42,41,40,40064,441,607,7491,3347],"class_list":["post-159410","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-cesko","tag-antika","tag-archeologie","tag-beton","tag-ceska-republika","tag-cesko","tag-czech-republic","tag-czechia","tag-hadrianova-vila","tag-historie","tag-italie","tag-rim","tag-riman"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116989994333494762","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/159410","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=159410"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/159410\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/159411"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=159410"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=159410"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=159410"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}