{"id":160546,"date":"2026-07-28T06:54:12","date_gmt":"2026-07-28T06:54:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/160546\/"},"modified":"2026-07-28T06:54:12","modified_gmt":"2026-07-28T06:54:12","slug":"evropa-stavi-terminaly-par-zemi-mezitim-nakupuje-rusky-plyn-dokud-to-jde","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/160546\/","title":{"rendered":"Evropa stav\u00ed termin\u00e1ly, p\u00e1r zem\u00ed mezit\u00edm nakupuje rusk\u00fd plyn, dokud to jde"},"content":{"rendered":"

St\u00e1ty evropsk\u00e9 sedmadvac\u00edtky si od za\u010d\u00e1tku p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edho roku sl\u00edbily, \u017ee u\u017e nebudou odeb\u00edrat \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd rusk\u00fd plyn\u00a0\u2013 a\u00a0to ani ve zkapaln\u011bn\u00e9 podob\u011b (LNG). Z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u0161ak v\u00a0prvn\u00ed polovin\u011b roku 2026\u00a0dovezly n\u011bkter\u00e9 evropsk\u00e9 zem\u011b z\u00a0Ruska dosud v\u016fbec nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed objem zkapaln\u011bn\u00e9ho zemn\u00edho plynu.<\/p>\n

Hlavn\u00edmi odb\u011brateli byly Francie, Belgie a\u00a0\u0160pan\u011blsko, kter\u00e9 dohromady p\u0159ivezly 9,2\u00a0milionu tun LNG. V\u00a0praxi to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee Evropan\u00e9 vykoupili t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 kompletn\u00ed produkci sibi\u0159sk\u00e9ho termin\u00e1lu Jamal LNG, odkud se rusk\u00fd plyn nakl\u00e1d\u00e1 na tankery. Celkem za \u0161est m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f z\u00e1kazn\u00edci z\u00a0tohoto termin\u00e1lu odvezli 9,89\u00a0milionu tun LNG.<\/p>\n

P\u0159esto\u017ee z\u00e1vod Jamal LNG provozuje rusk\u00e1 soukrom\u00e1 spole\u010dnost Novatek, termin\u00e1l byl vybudov\u00e1n za podpory francouzsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti Total Energies, kter\u00e1 v\u00a0n\u011bm nad\u00e1le dr\u017e\u00ed 20procentn\u00ed pod\u00edl. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 zde m\u00e1 uzav\u0159en\u00fd dlouhodob\u00fd kontrakt na odb\u011br plynu.<\/p>\n

Nen\u00ed v\u0161ak sama. \u201ePodobn\u00e9 kontrakty maj\u00ed tak\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed evropsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. SEFE, kter\u00e1 vznikla zest\u00e1tn\u011bn\u00edm dcery Gazpromu pro obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed na evropsk\u00e9m trhu Gazprom Marketing & Trading v\u00a0roce 2022, a\u00a0\u0161pan\u011blsk\u00e1 Naturgy. Tyto spole\u010dnosti nad\u00e1le odeb\u00edraj\u00ed LNG z\u00a0termin\u00e1lu Jamal pr\u00e1v\u011b na z\u00e1klad\u011b dlouhodob\u00fdch kontrakt\u016f,\u201c popisuje Michal Koc\u016frek, projektov\u00fd \u0159editel poradensk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti EGU.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Za leto\u0161n\u00edm r\u016fstem dovozu rusk\u00e9ho LNG do Evropy stoj\u00ed pl\u00e1novan\u00fd unijn\u00ed z\u00e1kaz jeho ve\u0161ker\u00e9ho odb\u011bru. Evropsk\u00e9 p\u0159edpisy ji\u017e nyn\u00ed zamezuj\u00ed n\u00e1kupu rusk\u00e9ho plynu na z\u00e1klad\u011b kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fdch kontrakt\u016f, od ledna plat\u00ed tot\u00e9\u017e i\u00a0pro dlouhodob\u00e9 smlouvy.<\/p>\n

Nav\u00edc se rusk\u00e9 LNG nesm\u00ed v\u00a0evropsk\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstavech ani p\u0159ekl\u00e1dat. \u201eV\u00a0d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch letech by bylo pouze p\u0159elo\u017eeno na jin\u00fd typ tankeru a\u00a0putovalo do Asie. Vzhledem k\u00a0ekonomick\u00e9 v\u00fdhodnosti dod\u00e1vek z\u00a0dlouhodob\u00fdch kontrakt\u016f se zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti zat\u00edm necht\u011bj\u00ed odb\u011bru rusk\u00e9ho plynu vzd\u00e1t, dokud nebude p\u0159\u00edmo zak\u00e1z\u00e1n, tedy do 31.\u00a0prosince 2026,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Koc\u016frek.<\/p>\n

Dlouhodob\u00e9 kontrakty na odb\u011br pro Francii a\u00a0Belgii p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed rok skon\u010d\u00ed. \u201eAktivn\u00edm import\u00e9rem tedy z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 \u0160pan\u011blsko, kter\u00e9 by sice r\u00e1do v\u00a0importu pokra\u010dovalo, ale zjevn\u011b se pod\u0159\u00edd\u00ed uvalen\u00fdm sankc\u00edm,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 odborn\u00edk na plyn\u00e1renstv\u00ed Vratislav Ludv\u00edk.<\/p>\n

Foto: Gas Infrastructure Europe, Seznam Zpr\u00e1vy, Shutterstock.com<\/p>\n

LNG termin\u00e1ly v\u00a0Evrop\u011b.<\/p>\n

Nyn\u00ed tvo\u0159ilo rusk\u00e9 LNG zhruba 4\u00a0% spot\u0159eby plynu v\u00a0EU. Od p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edho roku logicky klesne. \u201eZnamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee Rusko sv\u00fdm po\u010d\u00edn\u00e1n\u00edm z\u00a0let 2021\u00a0a\u00a02022\u00a0ztratilo t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 90\u00a0% evropsk\u00e9ho exportu a\u00a0p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed rok klesne na slab\u00e9 procento. Nen\u00ed p\u0159itom v\u00a0dohledn\u00e9 dob\u011b pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee by byl import z\u00a0Ruska jakkoliv obnoven,\u201c popisuje Ludv\u00edk.<\/p>\n

Rusko t\u00edm ztrat\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edka, kter\u00fd byl p\u0159ed \u00fatokem na Ukrajinu jeho kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm odb\u011bratelem. Od roku 2022\u00a0v\u0161ak jeho pozice na evropsk\u00e9m trhu postupn\u011b a\u00a0v\u00fdrazn\u011b sl\u00e1bla.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Nyn\u00ed bude muset Rusko hledat cesty, jak plyn prodat jinde, co\u017e nebude snadn\u00e9. \u201eVzhledem ke komplikovan\u00e9 doprav\u011b LNG z\u00a0arktick\u00e9 oblasti do Asie a\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u011b platn\u00fdm sankc\u00edm na obchod s\u00a0t\u00edmto LNG, nen\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee se mu poda\u0159\u00ed zobchodovat stejn\u011b velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed jako nyn\u00ed,\u201c upozor\u0148uje Koc\u016frek a\u00a0dod\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee v\u00fdpadek p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f z\u00a0prodeje suroviny po ztr\u00e1t\u011b Evropy bude d\u00e1l p\u0159etrv\u00e1vat.<\/p>\n

Mal\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed rusk\u00e9ho plynu odeb\u00edralo tak\u00e9 Ma\u010farsko a\u00a0Slovensko, ale tyto dod\u00e1vky sl\u00e1bnou kv\u016fli uzav\u0159en\u00ed plynovodn\u00ed trasy p\u0159es Ukrajinu. \u201eFaktem je, \u017ee jedin\u00fdm evropsk\u00fdm st\u00e1tem s\u00a0masivn\u00edm importem rusk\u00e9ho zemn\u00edho plynu z\u016fstane Turecko,\u201c dod\u00e1v\u00e1 Ludv\u00edk.<\/p>\n

Evropa buduje dal\u0161\u00ed termin\u00e1ly<\/p>\n

Pro Evropu z\u00e1kaz rusk\u00e9ho LNG neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee by jeho dosavadn\u00edm odb\u011bratel\u016fm chyb\u011bl. Tak\u00e9 termin\u00e1l\u016f nezbytn\u00fdch pro import LNG m\u00e1 kontinent dostatek. Po\u00a0rusk\u00e9 agresi na Ukrajin\u011b odstartoval jejich v\u00fdrazn\u00fd rozmach, i\u00a0kdy\u017e n\u011bkter\u00e9 zem\u011b je ve skute\u010dnosti za\u010daly budovat u\u017e d\u0159\u00edv.<\/p>\n

\u201eKapacita termin\u00e1l\u016f (t\u011bch velk\u00fdch je t\u0159icet) p\u0159edstavuje zdroj importu ve v\u00fd\u0161i p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b sto miliard metr\u016f krychlov\u00fdch ro\u010dn\u011b, co\u017e je t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 t\u0159etina unijn\u00ed spot\u0159eby,\u201c popisuje Ludv\u00edk.<\/p>\n

Evropsk\u00e1 spot\u0159eba plynu p\u0159itom v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu let klesala. Z\u00a0cca 500\u00a0miliard kub\u00edk\u016f se sn\u00ed\u017eila o\u00a0t\u0159etinu. \u201eVe vztahu k\u00a0v\u00fd\u0161i b\u00fdval\u00e9ho importu potrubn\u00edho plynu z\u00a0Ruska je tak LNG nahrazeno p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b z\u00a0osmdes\u00e1ti procent, vzhledem k\u00a0poklesu evropsk\u00e9 spot\u0159eby plynu v\u0161ak lze hovo\u0159it o\u00a0pln\u00e9 n\u00e1hrad\u011b,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Ludv\u00edk.<\/p>\n

LNG tvo\u0159\u00ed celkem 45\u00a0procent importu plynu do Evropy. Nejv\u00edce plynu evropsk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty st\u00e1le odeb\u00edraj\u00ed potrubn\u00ed cestou, a\u00a0to p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm z\u00a0Norska. Men\u0161\u00ed objemy p\u0159ite\u010dou tak\u00e9 z\u00a0Nizozemska, Al\u017e\u00edrska a\u00a0\u00c1zerb\u00e1jd\u017e\u00e1nu.<\/p>\n

St\u00e1le se v\u0161ak buduj\u00ed nov\u00e9 termin\u00e1ly, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u00a0severoz\u00e1padn\u00ed Evrop\u011b\u00a0\u2013 v\u00a0N\u011bmecku, Nizozem\u00ed a\u00a0Polsku. Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it svou LNG kapacitu chce tak\u00e9 \u0158ecko.<\/p>\n

\u201eNov\u00e9 termin\u00e1ly v\u011bt\u0161inou neslou\u017e\u00ed pro pokryt\u00ed \u010dist\u011b popt\u00e1vky v\u00a0zem\u00edch, kde jsou instalov\u00e1ny, ale c\u00edl\u00ed na zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed dod\u00e1vek plynu pro \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed evropsk\u00e9 regiony. Nap\u0159\u00edklad roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 kapacity polsk\u00e9ho termin\u00e1lu v\u00a0Gda\u0148sku by m\u011blo umo\u017enit z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed tak\u00e9 Slovenska a\u00a0Ukrajiny,\u201c popisuje Koc\u016frek.<\/p>\n

O roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed kapacity se uva\u017euje tak\u00e9 v\u00a0nizozemsk\u00e9m Eemshavenu, kde m\u00e1 do p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edho roku t\u0159etinu kapacity pronajatou i\u00a0\u010cesko. Po roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed by mohly tuto trasu vyu\u017e\u00edvat i\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed evropsk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty. Podobn\u011b bude fungovat tak\u00e9 rozestav\u011bn\u00fd termin\u00e1l v\u00a0n\u011bmeck\u00e9m Stade, kter\u00fd si \u010cesko prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm skupiny \u010cEZ u\u017e rovn\u011b\u017e pronajalo.<\/p>\n

K efektivn\u00edmu vyu\u017eit\u00ed termin\u00e1l\u016f i\u00a0jin\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty je v\u0161ak nutn\u00e9, aby byly s\u00a0dan\u00fdm m\u00edstem propojeny plynovody. \u201e\u010cesk\u00e1 republika m\u00e1 v\u00fdhodu tranzitn\u00edho potrubn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu, kde po rusk\u00e9m plynu z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 dostate\u010dn\u00e1 provozn\u00ed kapacita pro v\u00fdkon slu\u017eby d\u00e1lkov\u00e9 evropsk\u00e9 p\u0159epravy plynu,\u201c popisuje Ludv\u00edk. Plynovody nyn\u00ed propojuj\u00ed \u010cesko s\u00a0N\u011bmeckem a\u00a0Slovenskem.<\/p>\n

Evropa termin\u00e1ly bude vyu\u017e\u00edvat i\u00a0do budoucna, proto\u017ee popt\u00e1vka po plynu bude stoupat. Podle Koc\u016frka bude v\u00fdznam dovozu LNG nar\u016fstat, a\u017e Norsko a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed st\u00e1ty za\u010dnou sni\u017eovat t\u011b\u017ebu. Naopak \u00c1zerb\u00e1jd\u017e\u00e1n chce nov\u00e1 lo\u017eiska otev\u00edrat a\u00a0plyn z\u00a0nich vyv\u00e1\u017eet do zahrani\u010d\u00ed\u00a0\u2013 op\u011bt v\u010detn\u011b \u010ceska.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"St\u00e1ty evropsk\u00e9 sedmadvac\u00edtky si od za\u010d\u00e1tku p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edho roku sl\u00edbily, \u017ee u\u017e nebudou odeb\u00edrat \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd rusk\u00fd plyn\u00a0\u2013 a\u00a0to ani…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":160547,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[3],"tags":[109,108,106,61,1910,56,2156,6801],"class_list":["post-160546","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-evropa","tag-europa","tag-europe","tag-evropa","tag-rusko","tag-terminal","tag-valka-rusko-ukrajina","tag-zemni-plyn","tag-zkapalneny-zemni-plyn-lng"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116996293633815553","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/160546","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=160546"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/160546\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/160547"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=160546"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=160546"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=160546"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}