Grubner v rozhovoru s Petrem Dimunem pro INFO.CZ\u00a0tvrd\u00ed<\/a>, \u017ee proti n\u011bmu nebyl postaven nez\u00e1visl\u00fd sv\u011bdek veden\u00fd pot\u0159ebou \u0159\u00edci pravdu. Podle jeho verze \u0161lo o \u010dlov\u011bka, kter\u00e9mu v jin\u00e9 v\u011bci hrozilo podstatn\u011b z\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed trestn\u00ed st\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed a kter\u00fd mohl svou v\u00fdpov\u011bd\u00ed vylep\u0161it vlastn\u00ed postaven\u00ed.<\/p>\n
\n\tRozsudek zat\u00edm nen\u00ed pravomocn\u00fd. St\u00e1tn\u00ed z\u00e1stupce se proti n\u011bmu odvolal. U\u017e nyn\u00ed je ale p\u0159\u00edpad varov\u00e1n\u00edm p\u0159ed mechanismem, v n\u011bm\u017e se dokazov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee prom\u011bnit v obchod: ty poskytne\u0161 pou\u017eitelnou v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f, st\u00e1t se p\u0159\u00edzniv\u011bji pod\u00edv\u00e1 na tv\u016fj vlastn\u00ed probl\u00e9m.<\/p>\n
\n\tP\u0159izn\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i\u0161lo po dvou a p\u016fl letech<\/p>\n
\n\tPodle ob\u017ealoby si m\u011bl Grubner v kv\u011btnu 2021 jako \u010dlen kontroln\u00ed rady \u010cesk\u00e9 advok\u00e1tn\u00ed komory vy\u017e\u00e1dat od za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00edho advok\u00e1ta Phama Viet Doa \u010d\u00e1stku 400 tis\u00edc korun. Za pen\u00edze m\u011bl ovlivnit v\u00fdsledek kontroly zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 na nakl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed s prost\u0159edky na advok\u00e1tn\u00edm \u00faschovn\u00edm \u00fa\u010dtu.<\/p>\n
\n\tAdvok\u00e1t Grubner obvin\u011bn\u00ed od po\u010d\u00e1tku odm\u00edtal. Pham Viet Do naopak tvrdil, \u017ee \u00faplatek zaplatil. K jedn\u00e1n\u00ed se v\u0161ak p\u0159iznal a\u017e p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b dva a p\u016fl roku po ud\u00e1losti. Vysv\u011btloval to sv\u011bdom\u00edm, k\u0159es\u0165anskou v\u00edrou a snahou napravit vlastn\u00ed h\u0159\u00edch.<\/p>\n
\n\tPr\u00e1v\u011b jeho v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f se stala \u00fast\u0159edn\u00edm pil\u00ed\u0159em ob\u017ealoby. Existovaly sice nep\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 indicie, nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00fdb\u011bry pen\u011bz a \u00fav\u011br, kter\u00fd si Pham vzal, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd d\u016fkaz o p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed \u00faplatku ale p\u0159edlo\u017een nebyl. N\u011bkolik sv\u011bdk\u016f z Grubnerovy kancel\u00e1\u0159e nav\u00edc vypov\u011bd\u011blo, \u017ee sch\u016fzky obou mu\u017e\u016f prob\u00edhaly standardn\u011b a \u017ee na nich byli p\u0159\u00edtomni, p\u0159esto\u017ee podle Phamovy verze m\u011bli advok\u00e1ti jednat o samot\u011b.<\/p>\n
\n\tSoud proto dosp\u011bl k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee pochybnosti o samotn\u00e9m p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed pen\u011bz nebyly odstran\u011bny. Zprostil ob\u017ealoby Grubnera i Phama a p\u0159ipomn\u011bl, \u017ee za takov\u00e9 d\u016fkazn\u00ed situace mus\u00ed platit presumpce neviny.<\/p>\n
\n\tCo sv\u011bdkovi hrozilo v jin\u00e9 kauze?<\/p>\n
\n\tGrubnerova obhajoba za\u010dala zkoumat nejen obsah Phamovy v\u00fdpov\u011bdi, ale p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm jej\u00ed motivaci. P\u0159i nahl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed do spisu podle Grubnera narazila na trestn\u00ed ozn\u00e1men\u00ed Finan\u010dn\u00edho analytick\u00e9ho \u00fa\u0159adu z roku 2022. T\u00fdkalo se t\u0159\u00ed milion\u016f korun vlo\u017een\u00fdch v hotovosti na Pham\u016fv \u00faschovn\u00ed \u00fa\u010det a podez\u0159en\u00ed souvisej\u00edc\u00edch s p\u016fvodem pen\u011bz, legalizac\u00ed v\u00fdnos\u016f z trestn\u00e9 \u010dinnosti a \u00fav\u011brov\u00fdm podvodem.<\/p>\n
\n\tP\u0159i kontrole \u010cesk\u00e9 advok\u00e1tn\u00ed komory m\u011bl Pham p\u016fvod pen\u011bz dokl\u00e1dat hypote\u010dn\u00ed smlouvou. Podle materi\u00e1l\u016f popsan\u00fdch serverem INFO.CZ v\u0161ak kr\u00e1tce p\u0159ed kontrolou vznikl dodatek, kter\u00fd p\u016fvod \u010d\u00e1stky m\u011bnil na vlastn\u00ed hotovostn\u00ed prost\u0159edky klient\u016f. Jeden z klient\u016f m\u011bl nav\u00edc podle Grubnera policii sd\u011blit, \u017ee podpisy na \u00fav\u011brov\u00e9 smlouv\u011b byly pad\u011blan\u00e9.<\/p>\n
\n\tPodle INFO.CZ m\u011bl Finan\u010dn\u00ed analytick\u00fd \u00fa\u0159ad na Phama podat trestn\u00ed ozn\u00e1men\u00ed. V\u011bc byla nejprve b\u011bhem dvan\u00e1cti dn\u016f odlo\u017eena, pozd\u011bji se v\u0161ak dokumenty dostaly k N\u00e1rodn\u00ed centr\u00e1le proti organizovan\u00e9mu zlo\u010dinu. Pham pot\u00e9 za\u010dal vypov\u00eddat o \u00fadajn\u00e9m \u00faplatku a zhruba p\u011bt t\u00fddn\u016f po jeho prvn\u00edm v\u00fdslechu policie navrhla ukon\u010den\u00ed jeho vlastn\u00ed trestn\u00ed v\u011bci s pen\u011b\u017eit\u00fdm trestem 90 tis\u00edc korun.<\/p>\n
\n\tPr\u00e1v\u011b zde se Grubner\u016fv p\u0159\u00edpad p\u0159est\u00e1v\u00e1 t\u00fdkat pouze \u00fadajn\u00e9 korupce mezi dv\u011bma advok\u00e1ty. \u201eD\u016fvodem jeho taktick\u00e9ho dozn\u00e1n\u00ed nen\u00ed v\u00edra v Boha, ale dohoda s polici\u00ed,\u201c prohl\u00e1sil Grubner v rozhovoru pro INFO.CZ.<\/p>\n
\n\tForm\u00e1ln\u00ed dohoda nemus\u00ed existovat<\/p>\n
\n\tPodle jeho slov to automaticky neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee takov\u00e1 dohoda skute\u010dn\u011b existovala nebo \u017ee Pham vypov\u00eddal nepravdiv\u011b. Znamen\u00e1 to ale, \u017ee jeho vlastn\u00ed trestn\u00ed ohro\u017een\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 v\u00fdhody m\u011bly b\u00fdt od za\u010d\u00e1tku jedn\u00edm z hlavn\u00edch t\u00e9mat dokazov\u00e1n\u00ed \u2013 nikoliv vedlej\u0161\u00ed pozn\u00e1mkou, kterou lze odsunout stranou.<\/p>\n
\n\tNejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9m podobn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee v\u00fdhoda nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt zachycena na pap\u00ed\u0159e. Nemus\u00ed existovat dokument, v n\u011bm\u017e se policie zavazuje zastavit st\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bnou za konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f. Nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt vyslovena ani v\u00fdslovn\u00e1 nab\u00eddka. \u010clov\u011bku zat\u00ed\u017een\u00e9mu vlastn\u00ed trestn\u00ed v\u011bc\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee sta\u010dit, \u017ee pochop\u00ed o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159ovatel\u016f. V\u00ed, \u017ee policie m\u016f\u017ee jeho p\u0159\u00edpad rozv\u00edjet, nebo naopak odlo\u017eit. V\u00ed, \u017ee st\u00e1tn\u00ed z\u00e1stupce m\u016f\u017ee zvolit p\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010di m\u00edrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed kvalifikaci. A v\u00ed, \u017ee u\u017eite\u010dnost pro jin\u00e9 trestn\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee ovlivnit zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm s n\u00edm st\u00e1t n\u00e1sledn\u011b nalo\u017e\u00ed.<\/p>\n
\n\tTakov\u00fd sv\u011bdek pak nen\u00ed motivov\u00e1n pouze pravdou. Je motivov\u00e1n vlastn\u00edm p\u0159e\u017eit\u00edm. Jeho v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pravdiv\u00e1. Stejn\u011b tak ale m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159izp\u016fsobena tomu, co org\u00e1ny \u010dinn\u00e9 v trestn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed sly\u0161et. Nebezpe\u010d\u00ed roste ve chv\u00edli, kdy policie nejprve vytvo\u0159\u00ed p\u0159edstavu o c\u00edlov\u00e9 osob\u011b nebo \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed kauze a n\u00e1sledn\u011b hled\u00e1 \u010dlov\u011bka, jeho\u017e v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f tuto konstrukci spoj\u00ed dohromady.<\/p>\n
\n\tAdvok\u00e1t Grubner tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee NCOZ neusilovala pouze o jeho odsouzen\u00ed. Podle jeho interpretace m\u011bl b\u00fdt jako \u010dlov\u011bk spojen\u00fd s veden\u00edm \u010cesk\u00e9 advok\u00e1tn\u00ed komory vyu\u017eit tak\u00e9 k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed trestn\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti samotn\u00e9 komory. Tuto domn\u011blou strategii soud zat\u00edm nepotvrdil a policie ji ve\u0159ejn\u011b nekomentovala. P\u0159\u00edpad ale n\u00e1zorn\u011b ukazuje, jak m\u016f\u017ee v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f jedin\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka otev\u0159\u00edt cestu k mnohem \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed kriminalizaci.<\/p>\n
\n\tRiziko zn\u00e1 i Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud<\/p>\n
\n\tNejde p\u0159itom o probl\u00e9m, kter\u00fd by \u010desk\u00e9 soudy neznaly. Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud u\u017e d\u0159\u00edve upozornil, \u017ee v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f u\u010din\u011bn\u00e1 v\u00fdm\u011bnou za beztrestnost, nest\u00edhatelnost nebo zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed trestu m\u016f\u017ee zas\u00e1hnout do pr\u00e1va obvin\u011bn\u00e9ho na spravedliv\u00fd proces. Aby byla pou\u017eiteln\u00e1, mus\u00ed b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e1 dohoda transparentn\u00ed, obhajoba o n\u00ed mus\u00ed v\u011bd\u011bt, soud ji mus\u00ed d\u016fkladn\u011b p\u0159ezkoumat a tvrzen\u00ed takov\u00e9ho sv\u011bdka maj\u00ed b\u00fdt podpo\u0159ena dal\u0161\u00edmi d\u016fkazy. Nem\u011bla by tedy existovat situace, kdy je \u010dlov\u011bk odsouzen pouze na z\u00e1klad\u011b v\u00fdpov\u011bdi n\u011bkoho, kdo za ni z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 vlastn\u00ed trestn\u00ed v\u00fdhodu.<\/p>\n
\n\tTak\u00e9 \u00dastavn\u00ed soud zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, \u017ee hodnocen\u00ed spolupracuj\u00edc\u00edho obvin\u011bn\u00e9ho mus\u00ed b\u00fdt mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b pe\u010dliv\u00e9. Soudy a st\u00e1tn\u00ed z\u00e1stupci maj\u00ed zkoumat jeho osobnost, motivaci ke spolupr\u00e1ci i soulad v\u00fdpov\u011bdi s ostatn\u00edmi d\u016fkazy.<\/p>\n
\n\tJudikatura tedy riziko popisuje velmi p\u0159esn\u011b. Ot\u00e1zkou je, zda jsou tato pravidla dostate\u010dn\u011b dodr\u017eov\u00e1na i tam, kde nejde o form\u00e1ln\u011b ozna\u010den\u00e9ho spolupracuj\u00edc\u00edho obvin\u011bn\u00e9ho, ale o \u010dlov\u011bka, kter\u00fd fakticky z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00fdhodu v jin\u00e9 kauze.<\/p>\n
\n\tPr\u00e1v\u011b neform\u00e1ln\u00ed obchod m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e dohoda ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed. Form\u00e1ln\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce je toti\u017e alespo\u0148 viditeln\u00e1. Obhajoba o n\u00ed v\u00ed a m\u016f\u017ee jej\u00ed podm\u00ednky napadat. Neform\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslib \u010di o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00edrn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho zach\u00e1zen\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee z\u016fstat skryt\u00e9 ve spisech, \u010dasov\u00fdch souvislostech a rozhodnut\u00edch veden\u00fdch pod jin\u00fdmi \u010d\u00edsly jednac\u00edmi.<\/p>\n
\n\tPohodln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed dokazov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/p>\n
\n\tMotivovan\u00fd sv\u011bdek nab\u00edz\u00ed policii a st\u00e1tn\u00edmu zastupitelstv\u00ed pohodlnou cestu. Slo\u017eit\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed vztahy, obchodn\u00ed operace nebo \u00fadajn\u00e9 korup\u010dn\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed je \u010dasto obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 prokazovat objektivn\u00edmi d\u016fkazy. Je t\u0159eba analyzovat \u00fa\u010detnictv\u00ed, pen\u011b\u017en\u00ed toky, komunikaci, dokumenty a v\u00fdpov\u011bdi des\u00edtek lid\u00ed. Naproti tomu v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f \u010dlov\u011bka \u201ezevnit\u0159\u201c dok\u00e1\u017ee cel\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh jednodu\u0161e vysv\u011btlit.<\/p>\n
\n\tProbl\u00e9m nast\u00e1v\u00e1, kdy\u017e se tato v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f nestane jedn\u00edm z d\u016fkaz\u016f, ale n\u00e1hradou za dokazov\u00e1n\u00ed. Vy\u0161et\u0159ovatel\u00e9 pak mohou za\u010d\u00edt ostatn\u00ed materi\u00e1ly posuzovat nikoliv nez\u00e1visle, ale pouze podle toho, zda podporuj\u00ed p\u0159edem p\u0159ijat\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh. Nehod\u00edc\u00ed se okolnosti jsou ozna\u010deny za nepodstatn\u00e9, rozpory za drobnosti a motivace sv\u011bdka za obhajobnou taktiku obvin\u011bn\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n
\n\tVznik\u00e1 uzav\u0159en\u00fd kruh: sv\u011bdek je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za v\u011brohodn\u00e9ho, proto\u017ee jeho v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f odpov\u00edd\u00e1 verzi policie, a policejn\u00ed verze je pova\u017eov\u00e1na za prok\u00e1zanou, proto\u017ee ji potvrdil sv\u011bdek. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tento mechanismus m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st nejen k \u00fa\u010delov\u00e9mu st\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed nepohodln\u00fdch lid\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 k oby\u010dejn\u00e9mu profesn\u00edmu pohodl\u00ed. K poku\u0161en\u00ed nahradit n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 a nejist\u00e9 dokazov\u00e1n\u00ed dohodou s osobou, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 ve vlastn\u00ed kauze mnoho co ztratit.<\/p>\n
\n\tTrest p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed d\u00e1vno p\u0159ed rozsudkem<\/p>\n
\n\tAdvok\u00e1t Grubner kv\u016fli st\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i\u0161el o mo\u017enost vykon\u00e1vat advokacii. Jeho jm\u00e9no bylo ve\u0159ejn\u011b spojeno s korupc\u00ed a s p\u0159\u00edpadem zmizel\u00fdch pen\u011bz z advok\u00e1tn\u00edch \u00faschov. Nepravomocn\u00e9 osvobozen\u00ed p\u0159i\u0161lo a\u017e pot\u00e9, co profesn\u00ed, ekonomick\u00e9 a rodinn\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky podle jeho slov dos\u00e1hly des\u00edtek milion\u016f korun. Proto v rozhovoru pro INFO.CZ \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee \u201epresumpce neviny v \u010cesku neexistuje\u201c. A pokud se pozd\u011bji uk\u00e1\u017ee, \u017ee ob\u017ealoba neunesla d\u016fkazn\u00ed b\u0159emeno, ztracen\u00e1 l\u00e9ta, klienti, zdrav\u00ed ani pov\u011bst se automaticky nevr\u00e1t\u00ed.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Psali jsme:<\/p>\n
Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek p\u0159\u00edmo v textu aktivn\u011b odkazuje na tyto zdroje:<\/p>\n
https:\/\/www.info.cz<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Kdy\u017e Obvodn\u00ed soud pro Prahu 1 v\u00a0\u010dervenci 2026 zprostil advok\u00e1ta Martina Grubnera ob\u017ealoby z \u00fadajn\u00e9ho p\u0159ijet\u00ed \u00faplatku…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":160627,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[7],"tags":[43,42,41,40,40243,40242,40244,4911,258,4279],"class_list":["post-160626","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-cesko","tag-ceska-republika","tag-cesko","tag-czech-republic","tag-czechia","tag-dimun","tag-grubner","tag-info-cz","tag-justice","tag-soud","tag-svedectvi"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116996612044486794","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/160626","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=160626"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/160626\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/160627"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=160626"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=160626"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=160626"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}