{"id":16194,"date":"2026-03-06T14:25:07","date_gmt":"2026-03-06T14:25:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/16194\/"},"modified":"2026-03-06T14:25:07","modified_gmt":"2026-03-06T14:25:07","slug":"mozna-cely-zivot-jite-spatne-kolik-jidel-denne-je-opravdu-zdrave-aktualne-cz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/16194\/","title":{"rendered":"Mo\u017en\u00e1 cel\u00fd \u017eivot j\u00edte \u0161patn\u011b. Kolik j\u00eddel denn\u011b je opravdu zdrav\u00e9? \u2013 Aktu\u00e1ln\u011b.cz"},"content":{"rendered":"

P\u0159esto\u017ee dnes pova\u017eujeme t\u0159i j\u00eddla denn\u011b za normu, historicky jde o relativn\u011b novou z\u00e1le\u017eitost. Podle potravin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch historik\u016f lid\u00e9 v minulosti obvykle jedli m\u00e9n\u011b \u010dasto \u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad sta\u0159\u00ed \u0158\u00edman\u00e9<\/a> si dop\u0159\u00e1vali pouze jedno hlavn\u00ed j\u00eddlo kolem poledne.<\/p>\n

Koncept sn\u00eddan\u011b, jak ji zn\u00e1me dnes, se za\u010dal v\u00fdrazn\u011bji roz\u0161i\u0159ovat a\u017e v 17. stolet\u00ed a skute\u010dnou normou se stal b\u011bhem pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 revoluce v 19. stolet\u00ed. A v pades\u00e1t\u00fdch letech 20. stolet\u00ed pak vznikla typick\u00e1 z\u00e1padn\u00ed sn\u00eddan\u011b ve stylu cere\u00e1li\u00ed nebo toastu. Dnes \u2013\u2060\u2060\u2060\u2060\u2060\u2060 s m\u011bn\u00edc\u00edm \u017eivotn\u00edm stylem a mno\u017estv\u00edm dostupn\u00e9ho j\u00eddla \u2013\u2060\u2060\u2060\u2060\u2060\u2060 v\u0161ak odborn\u00edci za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed<\/a> tento model znovu p\u0159ehodnocovat.<\/p>\n

Ne\u017e se v\u0161ak v\u011bdci pustili do \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, kolik j\u00eddel denn\u011b je ide\u00e1ln\u00ed, zd\u016fraznili jednu z\u00e1sadn\u00ed v\u011bc: na\u0161e t\u011blo pot\u0159ebuje pravideln\u00e9 obdob\u00ed bez j\u00eddla. Velkou pozornost proto z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 takzvan\u00fd p\u0159eru\u0161ovan\u00fd p\u016fst, tedy p\u0159\u00edstup, kter\u00fd omezuje konzumaci j\u00eddla nap\u0159\u00edklad na osmihodinov\u00e9 okno b\u011bhem dne a zbytek \u010dasu t\u011blo odpo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1. <\/p>\n

Podle v\u00fdzkum\u016f m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt alespo\u0148 dvan\u00e1ct hodin bez j\u00eddla denn\u011b n\u011bkolik v\u00fdhod: tr\u00e1vic\u00ed syst\u00e9m si odpo\u010dine a organismus se m\u016f\u017ee v\u00edce soust\u0159edit na procesy obnovy a oprav bun\u011bk (proces zvan\u00fd autofagie). B\u011bhem p\u016fstu se toti\u017e t\u011blo dost\u00e1v\u00e1 do jin\u00e9ho metabolick\u00e9ho re\u017eimu: aktivn\u011bji odstra\u0148uje po\u0161kozen\u00e9 struktury a takzvan\u00e9 \u201e\u0161patn\u011b slo\u017een\u00e9\u201c proteiny, kter\u00e9 jsou spojov\u00e1ny s \u0159adou onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. P\u016fst m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt tak\u00e9 pozitivn\u00ed vliv na hladinu cukru v krvi. Pokud mezi j\u00eddly vznikne del\u0161\u00ed pauza \u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad d\u00edky d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ve\u010de\u0159i \u2013 m\u016f\u017ee se zlep\u0161it schopnost t\u011bla regulovat gluk\u00f3zu.<\/p>\n

\u201eNa\u0161e data nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee brzk\u00e1 ve\u010de\u0159e a prodlou\u017een\u00ed doby p\u016fstu m\u00e1 pozitivn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky na t\u011blo, jako je lep\u0161\u00ed kontrola glyk\u00e9mie,\u201c dopl\u0148uje profesor sportovn\u00edch v\u011bd Antonio Paoli.<\/p>\n

Ide\u00e1ln\u00ed po\u010det<\/p>\n

Kolik j\u00eddel bychom tedy m\u011bli j\u00edst? V\u011bdci se v odpov\u011bdi \u00fapln\u011b neshoduj\u00ed. Zat\u00edmco n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee m\u00e9n\u011b j\u00eddel m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159irozen\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, existuj\u00ed i zast\u00e1nci modelu pouze jednoho hlavn\u00edho j\u00eddla denn\u011b. Pr\u00e1v\u011b ti argumentuj\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee \u010d\u00edm \u010dast\u011bji jsme vystaveni j\u00eddlu nebo jeho podn\u011bt\u016fm, t\u00edm v\u00edce kalori\u00ed b\u011bhem dne p\u0159ijmeme.<\/p>\n

Jin\u00ed odborn\u00edci zase upozor\u0148uj\u00ed na rizika p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 dlouh\u00fdch pauz mezi j\u00eddly. Pokud \u010dlov\u011bk j\u00ed jen jednou denn\u011b, m\u016f\u017ee to podle n\u011bkter\u00fdch studi\u00ed v\u00e9st ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed hladiny gluk\u00f3zy nala\u010dno, co\u017e je dlouhodob\u011b rizikov\u00fd faktor pro vznik diabetu 2. typu. Proto je pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nejlep\u0161\u00ed p\u0159iklonit se ke kompromisu: dv\u011b a\u017e t\u0159i j\u00eddla denn\u011b, ide\u00e1ln\u011b s del\u0161\u00edm no\u010dn\u00edm p\u016fstem.<\/p>\n

\u201eKdy\u017e hodiny ukazuj\u00ed p\u016flnoc, m\u016f\u017eeme m\u00edt pocit, \u017ee mus\u00edme j\u00edst, nebo se m\u016f\u017eeme domn\u00edvat, \u017ee m\u00e1me r\u00e1no sn\u00eddat, ale to je nesmysl. Data ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee pokud nesn\u00edd\u00e1te, celkov\u011b ten den sn\u00edte m\u00e9n\u011b kalori\u00ed. Na\u0161e fyziologie je stvo\u0159ena pro hodov\u00e1n\u00ed a p\u016fst,\u201c vyj\u00e1d\u0159il se profesor David Levitsky.<\/p>\n

Ide\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010das<\/p>\n

Jak u\u017e jsme nast\u00ednili, vedle po\u010dtu j\u00eddel hraje d\u016fle\u017eitou roli tak\u00e9 jejich na\u010dasov\u00e1n\u00ed. N\u011bkter\u00e9 studie nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st kalori\u00ed by m\u011bla p\u0159ij\u00edt sp\u00ed\u0161e d\u0159\u00edve b\u011bhem dne ne\u017e ve\u010der. Pozdn\u00ed ve\u010de\u0159e toti\u017e mohou<\/a> zat\u011b\u017eovat metabolismus. V noci t\u011blo produkuje hormon melatonin, kter\u00fd podporuje sp\u00e1nek, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 tlum\u00ed tvorbu inzulinu. Pokud tedy j\u00edme pozd\u011b ve\u010der, t\u011blo zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1 cukry m\u00e9n\u011b efektivn\u011b. <\/p>\n

Na druhou stranu ani p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 brzk\u00e1 sn\u00eddan\u011b nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt ide\u00e1ln\u00ed. N\u011bkter\u00e9 v\u00fdzkumy doporu\u010duj\u00ed po\u010dkat s prvn\u00edm j\u00eddlem zhruba hodinu a\u017e dv\u011b po probuzen\u00ed, aby m\u011bl organismus prostor dokon\u010dit no\u010dn\u00ed metabolick\u00e9 procesy.<\/p>\n

P\u0159esto\u017ee se vede debata o po\u010dtu j\u00eddel, v\u011bt\u0161ina odborn\u00edk\u016f se shoduje na jedn\u00e9 v\u011bci \u2013 pro t\u011blesnou hmotnost je rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed celkov\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem kalori\u00ed. A\u0165 u\u017e j\u00edte t\u0159ikr\u00e1t denn\u011b, dvakr\u00e1t nebo si j\u00eddlo rozd\u011blujete do men\u0161\u00edch porc\u00ed b\u011bhem dne, pokud p\u0159ijmete v\u00edce energie, ne\u017e t\u011blo sp\u00e1l\u00ed, povede to k p\u0159ib\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed lid\u00e9 proto l\u00e9pe funguj\u00ed s v\u00edce men\u0161\u00edmi j\u00eddly, kter\u00e1 pom\u00e1haj\u00ed udr\u017eet stabiln\u00ed hladinu energie a zabr\u00e1nit ve\u010dern\u00edmu p\u0159ej\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed. Jin\u00fdm naopak vyhovuj\u00ed dv\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed j\u00eddla. <\/p>\n

\u201ePokud sn\u00edte v\u011bt\u0161inu j\u00eddla d\u0159\u00edve, va\u0161e t\u011blo m\u016f\u017ee energii, kterou mu dod\u00e1v\u00e1te, vyu\u017e\u00edvat po cel\u00fd den, m\u00edsto aby se ukl\u00e1dala ve va\u0161em syst\u00e9mu jako tuk,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 klinick\u00e1 v\u00fdzkumnice Emily Manoogianov\u00e1. \u201e\u0158\u00edkat lidem, aby p\u0159estali j\u00edst do 19:00, nen\u00ed u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9, proto\u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u00e1 jin\u00fd rozvrh. Pokud se sna\u017e\u00edte sv\u00e9mu t\u011blu pravideln\u011b dop\u0159\u00e1vat p\u016fst, sna\u017ete se nej\u00edst p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 pozd\u011b ani brzy a sna\u017ete se nej\u00edst velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed j\u00eddel na konci j\u00eddla, obvykle to m\u016f\u017ee pomoci. Lid\u00e9 si to alespo\u0148 \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b osvoj\u00ed,\u201c dod\u00e1v\u00e1.<\/p>\n

V hlavn\u00ed roli organismus<\/p>\n

Mo\u017en\u00e1 nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zpr\u00e1vou z v\u00fdzkum\u016f je fakt, \u017ee lidsk\u00e9 t\u011blo miluje rutinu. Biologick\u00e9 procesy se toti\u017e p\u0159izp\u016fsobuj\u00ed na\u0161emu denn\u00edmu re\u017eimu. Pokud j\u00edme ka\u017ed\u00fd den p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b ve stejnou dobu, organismus se na j\u00eddlo \u201ep\u0159ipravuje\u201c a dok\u00e1\u017ee ho efektivn\u011bji zpracovat.<\/p>\n

Modern\u00ed v\u011bda tedy nenab\u00edz\u00ed jedno univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed pravidlo. P\u0159esto se objevuje n\u011bkolik doporu\u010den\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se v r\u016fzn\u00fdch studi\u00edch opakuj\u00ed: dop\u0159ejte t\u011blu del\u0161\u00ed no\u010dn\u00ed pauzu bez j\u00eddla (ide\u00e1ln\u011b alespo\u0148 12 hodin), sna\u017ete se nej\u00edst p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 pozd\u011b ve\u010der, v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st kalori\u00ed konzumujte sp\u00ed\u0161e b\u011bhem dne a udr\u017eujte pravideln\u00fd re\u017eim. \u201eMysl\u00edm, \u017ee dlouhodob\u011b se vr\u00e1t\u00edme k lehk\u00e9mu j\u00eddlu a pak k hlavn\u00edmu, v z\u00e1vislosti na tom, co se bude d\u00edt v pr\u00e1ci. Na\u0161e pracovn\u00ed doba bude hnac\u00ed silou,\u201c uzav\u00edr\u00e1 histori\u010dka j\u00eddla Seren Charrington-Hollinsov\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Mo\u017en\u00e1 tedy nejde ani tak o to, jestli j\u00edte sn\u00eddani, ob\u011bd a ve\u010de\u0159i \u2013 ale sp\u00ed\u0161e o to, kdy j\u00edte, kolik toho sn\u00edte a jak pravideln\u00fd je v\u00e1\u0161 re\u017eim.<\/p>\n

Video: \u201eJsou \u00famrt\u00ed, kter\u00fdm by bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 zabr\u00e1nit,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 nutri\u010dn\u00ed epidemiolo\u017eka Eli\u0161ka Selinger k tomu, co dok\u00e1\u017ee zm\u011bna stravy.<\/p>\n

Zdroj: Anual Reviews<\/a>, BBC<\/a>, Heart<\/a>, ADC-US<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"P\u0159esto\u017ee dnes pova\u017eujeme t\u0159i j\u00eddla denn\u011b za normu, historicky jde o relativn\u011b novou z\u00e1le\u017eitost. Podle potravin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch historik\u016f lid\u00e9…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":16195,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[6260,2956,54,53,52,8554,8555],"class_list":{"0":"post-16194","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-svet","8":"tag-lifestyle","9":"tag-strava","10":"tag-svet","11":"tag-world","12":"tag-world-news","13":"tag-zdrava-strava","14":"tag-zivotni-styl"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116182694159893394","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16194","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16194"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16194\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16195"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16194"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16194"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16194"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}