{"id":164760,"date":"2026-08-01T04:02:13","date_gmt":"2026-08-01T04:02:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/164760\/"},"modified":"2026-08-01T04:02:13","modified_gmt":"2026-08-01T04:02:13","slug":"obri-rusky-kombik-se-tremi-radami-sedadel-zname-i-u-nas-slouzil-u-verejne-bezpecnosti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/164760\/","title":{"rendered":"Ob\u0159\u00ed rusk\u00fd komb\u00edk se t\u0159emi \u0159adami sedadel zn\u00e1me i\u00a0u n\u00e1s. Slou\u017eil u\u00a0Ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti"},"content":{"rendered":"

Gork\u00e9ho automobilov\u00e9 z\u00e1vody v\u00a0dob\u011b SSSR nevyr\u00e1b\u011bly jen ter\u00e9nn\u00ed a\u00a0n\u00e1kladn\u00ed vozidla, ale tak\u00e9 reprezentativn\u00ed vozidla \u010cajka a\u00a0Volha. Pr\u00e1v\u011b GAZ 21\u00a0Volha si za svou kari\u00e9ru na\u0161la celou \u0159adu p\u0159\u00edznivc\u016f, p\u0159esto bylo v\u00a0\u0161edes\u00e1t\u00fdch letech z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee je pot\u0159eba n\u00e1stupce. Ten nakonec dorazil v\u00a0roce 1970\u00a0v\u00a0podob\u011b GAZu 24\u00a0Volha, kter\u00fd op\u011bt vedle sedanu nab\u00eddl tak\u00e9 kombi. To se za\u010dalo vyr\u00e1b\u011bt v\u00a0roce 1972.<\/p>\n

<\/a>Prostorn\u00fd komb\u00edk<\/p>\n

GAZ 24-02\u00a0Universal byl na tehdej\u0161\u00ed obdob\u00ed opravdov\u00fd kus auta. Byl dlouh\u00fd 4\u00a0735\u00a0mm, \u0161irok\u00fd 1\u00a0800\u00a0mm a\u00a0vysok\u00fd 1\u00a0540\u00a0mm. Rozvor pak \u010dinil 2\u00a0800\u00a0mm. D\u00e9lka, \u0161\u00ed\u0159ka i\u00a0rozvor tak odpov\u00eddaly sedanu, kombi v\u0161ak bylo o\u00a050\u00a0mm vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed d\u00edky jin\u00e9 st\u0159e\u0161e.<\/p>\n

Kabina tak byla opravdu prostorn\u00e1. Nab\u00edzela toti\u017e prostor a\u017e pro sedm osob, d\u00edky t\u0159em \u0159ad\u00e1m sedadel v\u00a0dnes st\u00e1le typick\u00e9 konfiguraci 2+3+2.<\/p>\n

Zadn\u00ed \u0159ady byly nav\u00edc sklopn\u00e9, d\u00edky \u010demu\u017e \u0161lo vytvo\u0159it velkorysou lo\u017enou plochu dlouhou 2,1\u00a0metru a\u00a0\u0161irokou 1,3\u00a0metru. U\u017eite\u010dn\u00e1 hmotnost \u010dinila 550\u00a0kg.<\/p>\n

\u0158e\u0161en\u00ed zadn\u00edch parti\u00ed p\u0159itom bylo neobvykl\u00e9. Vykl\u00e1p\u011bc\u00ed dve\u0159e od zavazadeln\u00edku toti\u017e dopl\u0148ovalo je\u0161t\u011b men\u0161\u00ed, obd\u00e9ln\u00edkov\u00e9 v\u00edko ve spodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti z\u00e1d\u011b, za n\u00edm\u017e se ukr\u00fdvalo rezervn\u00ed kolo.<\/p>\n

Zn\u00e1m\u00e1 technika<\/p>\n

Technika z\u016fstala prakticky zachov\u00e1na se sedanem. Pod kapotou tud\u00ed\u017e pracoval \u0159adov\u00fd benzinov\u00fd \u010dty\u0159v\u00e1lec o\u00a0objemu 2\u00a0445\u00a0cm3, kter\u00fd poskytoval v\u00fdkon 72\u00a0kW. Na pom\u011bry b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch osobn\u00edch automobil\u016f v\u00fdchodn\u00edho bloku \u0161lo tedy o\u00a0v\u00fdkonn\u00fd v\u016fz. I\u00a0proto volhu vyu\u017e\u00edvali policist\u00e9, t\u0159eba \u010deskoslovensk\u00e1 Ve\u0159ejn\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnost. Motor spolupracoval se \u010dty\u0159stup\u0148ovou manu\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159evodovkou, poh\u00e1n\u011bna byla zadn\u00ed kola.<\/p>\n

Podvozek vych\u00e1zel z\u00a0p\u0159edch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed Volhy, tedy GAZu 21.\u00a0Nad\u00e1le vyu\u017e\u00edval kombinaci nez\u00e1visl\u00e9ho zav\u011b\u0161en\u00ed vp\u0159edu s\u00a0tuhou zadn\u00ed n\u00e1pravou. Zastaven\u00ed m\u011bly na starosti bubnov\u00e9 brzdy vp\u0159edu i\u00a0vzadu.<\/p>\n

Volha v\u00a0\u010ceskoslovensku<\/p>\n

GAZ 24\u00a0se v\u00a0\u010ceskoslovensku poprv\u00e9 p\u0159edstavil v\u00a0z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1969\u00a0na st\u00e1nku Avtoexportu na veletrhu v\u00a0Brn\u011b. Auto je\u0161t\u011b ve form\u011b p\u0159eds\u00e9riov\u00e9ho exempl\u00e1\u0159e se p\u0159itom tehdy poprv\u00e9 uk\u00e1zalo mimo Sov\u011btsk\u00fd svaz, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se Sov\u011bti kr\u00e1tce po srpnov\u00e9 okupaci mo\u017en\u00e1 sna\u017eili vylep\u0161it svou zdej\u0161\u00ed image.<\/p>\n

Prvn\u00ed vozy n\u00e1sledn\u011b dorazily v\u00a0roce 1971, kdy do Mototechny p\u0159i\u0161lo p\u0159es 3\u00a0300\u00a0kus\u016f tohoto modelu. V\u011bt\u0161ina zam\u00ed\u0159ila k\u00a0podnik\u016fm a\u00a0instituc\u00edm, zhruba 480\u00a0exempl\u00e1\u0159\u016f si v\u0161ak mohli po\u0159\u00eddit individu\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1jemci. Cena v\u0161ak byla z\u00e1vratn\u00e1, \u010dinila tehdej\u0161\u00edch 103\u00a0000\u00a0K\u010ds.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

V prvn\u00ed polovin\u011b sedmdes\u00e1t\u00fdch let byla Volha v\u00a0\u010ceskoslovensku dostupn\u00e1 v\u00fdhradn\u011b ve form\u011b sedanu, kombi s\u00a0p\u0159\u00eddomkem Universal k\u00a0n\u00e1m prvn\u011b dorazilo v\u00a0roce 1975, kdy k\u00a0n\u00e1m Motokov dovezl prvn\u00ed zku\u0161ebn\u00ed vozy. Hned n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed rok n\u00e1sledovalo dal\u0161\u00edch 300\u00a0kus\u016f, kter\u00e9 u\u017e zam\u00ed\u0159ily k\u00a0z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm.<\/p>\n

I st\u00e1tn\u00ed instituce m\u011bly utrum<\/p>\n

Volhy nicm\u00e9n\u011b po\u0159\u00e1d m\u00ed\u0159ily prim\u00e1rn\u011b k\u00a0podnik\u016fm a\u00a0instituc\u00edm. T\u0159eba v\u00a0roce 1977\u00a0bylo pro soukromn\u00edky ur\u010deno jen 10\u00a0komb\u00edk\u016f. Ostatn\u011b s\u00a0cenou 118\u00a0700\u00a0K\u010ds to bylo nejen nedostatkov\u00e9 zbo\u017e\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 hodn\u011b drah\u00e9. Podobn\u011b to bylo i\u00a0v domovsk\u00e9m Sov\u011btsk\u00e9m svazu, kde kombi bylo pro soukromn\u00edky jen na speci\u00e1ln\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dost, t\u0159eba pro sportovce pot\u0159ebuj\u00edc\u00ed vozidlo pro p\u0159epravu rozm\u011brn\u00e9 v\u00fdbavy. V\u00a0SSSR tak komb\u00edk prim\u00e1rn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvaly nemocnice, taxislu\u017eby a\u00a0st\u00e1tn\u00ed podniky.<\/p>\n

V n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch letech se dod\u00e1vky d\u00e1le omezily i\u00a0pro st\u00e1tn\u00ed instituce, a\u00a0to i\u00a0v souvislosti s\u00a0vl\u00e1dn\u00edm usnesen\u00edm, kter\u00e9 nov\u011b zakazovalo n\u00e1kup slu\u017eebn\u00edch vozidel s\u00a0motorem o\u00a0objemu nad 1,6\u00a0litru. V\u00fdjimku m\u011bly jen \u201evozy pro reprezentativn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dely\u201c a \u201evozy pro speci\u00e1ln\u00ed slu\u017eby\u201c, tedy pro ozbrojen\u00e9 slo\u017eky.<\/p>\n

Diesel i\u00a0osmiv\u00e1lec<\/p>\n

Volha se k\u00a0n\u00e1m nakonec dov\u00e1\u017eela a\u017e do roku 1986.\u00a0Celkem k\u00a0n\u00e1m bylo dovezeno p\u0159es 32\u00a0500\u00a0sedan\u016f a\u00a0bezm\u00e1la 3\u00a0000\u00a0komb\u00edk\u016f. Zaj\u00edmavost\u00ed byl dovoz i\u00a019\u00a0sedan\u016f se vzn\u011btov\u00fdm motorem, \u010dty\u0159v\u00e1lcem Indenor o\u00a0objemu 2,3\u00a0litru a\u00a0v\u00fdkonu 51,5\u00a0kW.<\/p>\n

P\u016fvodn\u011b francouzsk\u00fd motor pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd t\u0159eba v\u00a0Peugeotu 404\u00a0se do Volhy montoval v\u00a0Belgii, u\u00a0tam\u011bj\u0161\u00edho dovozce Scaldia-Volha. Ur\u010den byl prim\u00e1rn\u011b pro z\u00e1padoevropsk\u00e9 trhy. C\u00edlem bylo nab\u00eddnout ekonomi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed variantu v\u00a0reakci na tehdej\u0161\u00ed r\u016fst cen benzinu. P\u0159ed dva trojkou tu byl mimochodem i\u00a02,1litr o\u00a0v\u00fdkonu 46\u00a0kW.<\/p>\n

V SSSR se naopak do Volhy montoval rovn\u011b\u017e osmiv\u00e1lec, 5,5litrov\u00e1 V8\u00a0o\u00a0v\u00fdkonu 140\u00a0kW, upraven\u00e1 z\u00a0modelu GAZ 13\u00a0\u010cajka. GAZ 21-24\u00a0byl v\u00fdhradn\u011b ur\u010den pro bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed a\u00a0speci\u00e1ln\u00ed slo\u017eky, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm KGB.<\/p>\n

Foto: GAZ<\/p>\n

V domovsk\u00e9m Sov\u011btsk\u00e9m svazu se GAZ 24\u00a0Volha prod\u00e1val a\u017e do roku 1992.\u00a0Od poloviny osmdes\u00e1t\u00fdch let v\u0161ak \u0161lo o\u00a0modernizovanou variantu (GAZ 24-10, respektive GAZ 24-12\u00a0v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b kombi), rozpoznatelnou d\u00edky p\u0159epracovan\u00e9 p\u0159\u00eddi. Pod kapotou nav\u00edc m\u011bla pos\u00edlen\u00fd motor na 75\u00a0kW.<\/p>\n

Modernizovan\u00e1 Volha se na domovsk\u00e9m trhu dostala mezi \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed klientelu, v\u00a0r\u00e1mci uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed pom\u011br\u016f b\u011bhem Gorba\u010dovy perestrojky. Naopak do zahrani\u010d\u00ed exportov\u00e1na nebyla.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Gork\u00e9ho automobilov\u00e9 z\u00e1vody v\u00a0dob\u011b SSSR nevyr\u00e1b\u011bly jen ter\u00e9nn\u00ed a\u00a0n\u00e1kladn\u00ed vozidla, ale tak\u00e9 reprezentativn\u00ed vozidla \u010cajka a\u00a0Volha. Pr\u00e1v\u011b GAZ…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":164761,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[12],"tags":[67,68,16484,1122,2213],"class_list":["post-164760","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-byznys","tag-business","tag-byznys","tag-gaz","tag-kombi","tag-sovetsky-svaz"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/117018266652867010","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/164760","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=164760"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/164760\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/164761"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=164760"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=164760"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=164760"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}