![\"Ob\u00e1lka](\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/big_upadek-a-pad-lidske-rise-proc-je-nas-druh-na-pokraji-vy.jpg\")
<\/p>\nJedn\u00edm z\u00a0t\u00e9mat, kter\u00e1 lidi nep\u0159est\u00e1vaj\u00ed fascinovat, jsou z\u00e1nik a zk\u00e1za, a to a\u0165 u\u017e jde o \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00e9 druhy, panovnick\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e \u010di \u010dlov\u011bka samotn\u00e9ho. Obl\u00edben\u00e9 jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad vize toho, co by se d\u011blo\/bude d\u00edt s\u00a0\u017eivotem na Zemi, kdyby z\u00a0n\u00ed zmizeli lid\u00e9, tedy jak rychle by si divo\u010dina podma\u0148ovala na\u0161e opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e1 m\u011bsta a d\u00e1lnice. I t\u00edm se \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b zab\u00fdv\u00e1 publikace \u00dapadek a\u00a0p\u00e1d lidsk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e:\u00a0Pro\u010d je n\u00e1\u0161 druh na pokraji vyhynut\u00ed, kterou v p\u0159ekladu Pavla Pech\u00e1\u010dka letos vydalo nakladatelstv\u00ed Lingea.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Ob\u00e1lka knihy \u00dapadek a p\u00e1d lidsk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e.Foto: Lingea<\/p>\n
Jej\u00edm autorem je Henry Ernest Gee (1962), britsk\u00fd paleontolog, evolu\u010dn\u00ed biolog, hlavn\u00ed editor v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho \u010dasopisu\u00a0Nature\u00a0a\u00a0tak\u00e9 fanou\u0161ek d\u00edla J. R. R. Tolkiena. P\u0159edloni mu \u010desky vy\u0161la kniha Stru\u010dn\u00e1 historie \u017eivota na Zemi.\u00a04,6\u00a0miliardy let ve 12 kapitol\u00e1ch a je\u0161t\u011b d\u0159\u00edve Sv\u011bt dinosaur\u016f (Svojtka 2008).<\/p>\n
Mo\u017en\u00e1 dinosaury zahubila alergie nebo nuda<\/p>\n
T\u00e9matem dinosaur\u016f ostatn\u011b Gee sv\u016fj v\u00fdklad za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 i v\u00a0textu o \u00fapadku lidsk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e. Pr\u00e1v\u011b oni podle n\u011bj ze v\u0161ech \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se kdy vyvinuli, nejv\u00edce upoutali lidskou p\u0159edstavivost, z velk\u00e9 m\u00edry i proto, jak rychle vyhynuli. Dnes se obecn\u011b p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee d\u016fvodem byl dopad asteroidu, nicm\u00e9n\u011b existovalo i mnoho n\u00e1padit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch (\u010di bl\u00e1zniv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch) vysv\u011btlen\u00ed, kter\u00e1 autor humorn\u011b shrnuje.<\/p>\n
Podle n\u011bkter\u00fdch badatel\u016f byla p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou z\u00e1niku dinosaur\u016f jejich alergie vyvolan\u00e1 evolu\u010dn\u011b mlad\u00fdmi kvetouc\u00edmi rostlinami, tak\u017ee se uboz\u00ed dinosau\u0159i uk\u00fdchali k\u00a0smrti; podle dal\u0161\u00edch prost\u011b dinosau\u0159i po 160 milionech let, kdy byli nezpochybniteln\u00fdmi vl\u00e1dci tvorstva, vy\u010derpali sv\u00e9 mo\u017enosti a za\u010dali se nudit (tento stav m\u00e1 pr\u00fd dokonce vlastn\u00ed odborn\u00fd term\u00edn \u201epalaeoweltschmerz\u201c), tak\u017ee je m\u011bla zahubit jejich znud\u011bnost.<\/p>\n
My lid\u00e9 jsme ovl\u00e1dli na\u0161i planetu je\u0161t\u011b \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011bji ne\u017e dinosau\u0159i. Ov\u0161em z evolu\u010dn\u00edho hlediska zat\u00edm jen po velmi kr\u00e1tkou dobu, nav\u00edc v\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti n\u00e1\u0161 \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00fd druh \u010del\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b politick\u00fdch, soci\u00e1ln\u00edch, biologick\u00fdch a environment\u00e1ln\u00edch kriz\u00ed, s nimi\u017e se ve sv\u00e9 evolu\u010dn\u00ed historii nikdy p\u0159edt\u00edm nesetkal (alespo\u0148 ne v\u00a0takov\u00e9 koncentraci). Vymst\u00edt se n\u00e1m m\u016f\u017ee to, \u017ee geneticky je lidstvo p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b m\u00e1lo rozmanit\u00e9, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee zvy\u0161ovat na\u0161i zranitelnost v\u016f\u010di chorob\u00e1m.<\/p>\n
Vym\u0159eme kv\u016fli mal\u00e9 plodnosti, v\u00e1lce \u010di sv\u011btabolu?<\/p>\n
Probl\u00e9mem je podle autora i klesaj\u00edc\u00ed m\u00edra plodnosti v\u00a0mnoha \u010d\u00e1stech sv\u011bta, kter\u00e1 mo\u017en\u00e1 \u201eodr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed n\u011bjak\u00e9 vnit\u0159n\u00ed p\u0159ijet\u00ed hrozeb\u201c, kter\u00e9 dne\u0161n\u00ed sv\u011bt p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed. M\u016f\u017ee j\u00edt o v\u011bdom\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed odlo\u017eit rodi\u010dovstv\u00ed, diktovan\u00e9 ekonomick\u00fdmi okolnostmi \u010di kari\u00e9rn\u00edmi ambicemi, nebo nev\u011bdomou fyziologickou reakci na p\u0159elidn\u011bn\u00ed, stres atd. (P\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b se m\u016f\u017ee jednat o kombinaci oboj\u00edho.)<\/p>\n
Mo\u017en\u00fdch zp\u016fsob\u016f, kter\u00fdmi by lid\u00e9 mohli b\u00fdt vyhlazeni, uv\u00e1d\u00ed autor spoustu: jadernou nebo biologickou v\u00e1lkou, celosv\u011btov\u00fdm hladomorem, dal\u0161\u00ed pandemi\u00ed, vzbou\u0159iv\u0161\u00ed se um\u011blou inteligenc\u00ed, zombie apokalypsou, masivn\u00edm n\u00e1valem weltschmerz (sv\u011btabolu). A\u0165 u\u017e bude p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina jak\u00e1koli, Henry Gee tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee vyhynut\u00ed Homo sapiens nastane podle z\u00e1kon\u016f evoluce z hlediska geologick\u00e9ho \u010dasu pom\u011brn\u011b brzy: b\u011bhem p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch 10 000 let.<\/p>\n
Tuto chmurnou p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f autor publikoval v\u00a0\u010dasopisu Scientific American v\u00a0eseji nazvan\u00e9m Lid\u00e9 jsou odsouzeni k vyhynut\u00ed. Ten nep\u0159ekvapiv\u011b vyvolal v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 zd\u011b\u0161en\u00ed. Co\u017e autora podn\u00edtilo k\u00a0tomu, aby sv\u016fj text optimisticky doplnil. A v\u00fdsledkem je pr\u00e1v\u011b recenzovan\u00e1 kniha, v\u00a0n\u00ed\u017e tuto hrozbu detailn\u011b vylo\u017eil, ale sou\u010dasn\u011b p\u0159idal alternativn\u00ed, radostn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159.<\/p>\n
Vzh\u016fru na jinou planetu. A rychle!<\/p>\n
Pokud se nau\u010d\u00edme efektivn\u011bji vyu\u017e\u00edvat slune\u010dn\u00ed sv\u011btlo, tak\u017ee nap\u0159\u00edklad dos\u00e1hneme jak\u00e9si zrychlen\u00e9 fotosynt\u00e9zy, a hlavn\u011b se p\u0159est\u011bhujeme do vesm\u00edru, m\u00e1me jako lidstvo \u201epotenci\u00e1l vzkv\u00e9tat a prosperovat snad i mnoho milion\u016f let\u201c.<\/p>\n
P\u0159i\u010dem\u017e se pak mnoh\u00fdm lidem bude \u017eivot mimo na\u0161i planetu snad zamlouvat i v\u00edce ne\u017e ten sou\u010dasn\u00fd: \u201eA\u017e se na M\u011bs\u00edci za\u010dnou rodit cel\u00e9 generace lid\u00ed, nebudou c\u00edtit t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u017e\u00e1dnou loajalitu k n\u00e1rod\u016fm na vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 planet\u011b, kterou vid\u00ed plout na \u010dern\u00e9, hv\u011bzdn\u00e9 obloze, ale nikdy ji nenav\u0161t\u00edvili. Je ot\u00e1zka, zda by lid\u00e9 vyr\u016fstaj\u00edc\u00ed na M\u011bs\u00edci tou\u017eili nav\u0161t\u00edvit Zemi s jej\u00ed drtivou gravitac\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 ostr\u00fdm sv\u011btlem, odporn\u011b modrou oblohou a obzorem tak nesm\u00edrn\u00fdm, \u017ee by mohl vyvol\u00e1vat agorafobii\u201c. Podle autora je p\u0159itom u\u017e jen m\u00e1lo \u010dasu: tuto volbu \u201emus\u00edme u\u010dinit nyn\u00ed \u2013 b\u011bhem \u017eivota dnes \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch lid\u00ed\u201c.<\/p>\n
Kniha je naps\u00e1na s\u00a0vtipem a erudic\u00ed, nicm\u00e9n\u011b m\u00edsty autorova argumentace p\u016fsob\u00ed a\u017e p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 nahodile \u010di spekulativn\u011b. Gee nejprve p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u011b vysv\u011btluje, \u017ee mal\u00e9 izolovan\u00e9 populace jsou geneticky zraniteln\u00e9 (co\u017e podle n\u011bj p\u0159isp\u011blo k z\u00e1niku neandert\u00e1lc\u016f), ale n\u00e1sledn\u011b navrhuje vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed zprvu nutn\u011b izolovan\u00fdch lidsk\u00fdch koloni\u00ed ve vesm\u00edru, kter\u00e9 by m\u011bly b\u00fdt \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm (na zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fd rozpor u\u017e upozornily i n\u011bkter\u00e9 zahrani\u010dn\u00ed recenze).<\/p>\n
Z\u00e1jem mimozem\u0161\u0165an\u016f a zm\u011bn\u011bn\u00e1 lidsk\u00e1 t\u011bla<\/p>\n
Mo\u017enost\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edho v\u00fdvoje je ov\u0161em v\u00edce, ne\u017e autor p\u0159edest\u00edr\u00e1, i kdy\u017e se s\u00a0nimi u\u017e dost\u00e1v\u00e1me do oblasti sci-fi: Podle jednoho sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e na n\u00e1s m\u016f\u017ee na\u0161e kolonizace vesm\u00edru upozornit n\u011bjakou vysp\u011blej\u0161\u00ed vesm\u00edrnou civilizaci a ta n\u00e1s zni\u010d\u00ed. Podle dal\u0161\u00edho budou lid\u00e9 pod vlivem kriz\u00ed donuceni za\u010d\u00edt se chovat skromn\u011bji, rozumn\u011bji a udr\u017eiteln\u011bji \u2013 jak ironicky poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 novin\u00e1\u0159 Petr Koubsk\u00fd, ov\u0161em a\u017e vyzkou\u0161\u00ed v\u0161echny ostatn\u00ed mo\u017enosti \u2013 a na Zemi p\u0159e\u017eij\u00ed d\u00e9le. Nebo se budeme schopni adaptovat natolik, \u017ee n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed lid\u00e9 s\u00a0v\u00fdrazn\u011b prom\u011bn\u011bn\u00fdmi t\u011bly p\u0159e\u017eij\u00ed, stejn\u011b jako pt\u00e1ci, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou jedinou p\u0159e\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed v\u011btv\u00ed dinosaur\u016f?<\/p>\n
Publikace je ale jist\u011b p\u0159\u00ednosn\u00e1 v\u00a0tom, \u017ee podn\u011bcuje k\u00a0\u00favah\u00e1m o dlouhodob\u00e9 budoucnosti lidstva, tedy v m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku geologick\u00e9ho a evolu\u010dn\u00edho \u010dasu, nikoliv jen v horizontu p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch voleb. A alespo\u0148 v\u00a0n\u011bkom m\u016f\u017ee pomoci vzbudit nad\u011bji. Proto\u017ee lid\u00e9 sice jsou uhranuti t\u00e9matem zanik\u00e1n\u00ed a konc\u016f, ale sou\u010dasn\u011b maj\u00ed r\u00e1di konce \u0161\u0165astn\u00e9.<\/p>\n
Kniha<\/p>\n
Henry Gee: \u00dapadek a p\u00e1d lidsk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e: Pro\u010d je n\u00e1\u0161 druh na pokraji vyhynut\u00ed<\/p>\n
Lingea 2026, 224 stran<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Jedn\u00edm z\u00a0t\u00e9mat, kter\u00e1 lidi nep\u0159est\u00e1vaj\u00ed fascinovat, jsou z\u00e1nik a zk\u00e1za, a to a\u0165 u\u017e jde o \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00e9 druhy,…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":167738,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[11],"tags":[17771,2505,195,54,488,53,52],"class_list":["post-167737","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-svet","tag-evoluce","tag-literatura-faktu","tag-recenze","tag-svet","tag-vyhynuti","tag-world","tag-world-news"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/117035709801633616","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/167737","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=167737"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/167737\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/167738"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=167737"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=167737"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=167737"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}