![\"Uplynulo](\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/9922946.jpg\" "\\"Uplynulo")
<\/a>Uplynulo 10 let od zrozen\u00ed Grahama, dokonal\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka p\u0159i autonehod\u011b. Co se zm\u011bnilo?<\/a><\/p>\nRozd\u00edln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstupy automobilek<\/p>\n
Mezi automobilkami v\u0161ak v konstrukci panuj\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed rozd\u00edly a ne ka\u017ed\u00e9 auto s aktivn\u00ed kapotou spol\u00e9h\u00e1 na pyrotechniku.<\/p>\n
Destruktivn\u00ed syst\u00e9m spol\u00e9haj\u00edc\u00ed na jednor\u00e1zov\u00e9 pyropatrony vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 u sv\u00fdch v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch model\u016f nap\u0159\u00edklad BMW, Audi \u010di Lexus. Volkswagen ho nasadil u modelu Arteon, u Passatu B8 nikoli. Pyrotechniku musela z d\u016fvodu velmi n\u00edzk\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edd\u011b pou\u017e\u00edt i sportovn\u00ed Mazda MX-5. A Volvo V40 ji nav\u00edc zkombinovalo s vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm airbagem pro chodce.<\/p>\n
Bestsellery na platform\u011b MQB, jako jsou \u0160koda Octavia III nebo Volkswagen Golf 7. generace, sice aktivn\u00ed kapotu pro ochranu chodc\u016f maj\u00ed, av\u0161ak jejich v\u00fdrobce u nich pou\u017eil speci\u00e1ln\u011b konstruovan\u00fd mechatronick\u00fd mechanismus. Pokud p\u0159i n\u00e1razu nedojde k trval\u00e9mu ohnut\u00ed plech\u016f \u010di z\u00e1v\u011bs\u016f, lze vyst\u0159elenou kapotu zaklapnout a mechanismus ofici\u00e1ln\u011b pou\u017e\u00edt celkov\u011b a\u017e t\u0159ikr\u00e1t, tedy dvakr\u00e1t zresetovat, ne\u017e je p\u0159edeps\u00e1na jeho kompletn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bna za nov\u00fd d\u00edl.<\/p>\n
Odli\u0161nou cestou jde dlouhodob\u011b Mercedes-Benz. U sv\u00fdch sedan\u016f a SUV t\u0159\u00eddy C, E, S, GLC \u010di CLA pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pln\u011b reverzibiln\u00ed mechanick\u00fd syst\u00e9m na b\u00e1zi p\u0159edepnut\u00fdch pru\u017ein uvol\u0148ovan\u00fdch solenoidem. Pokud nedojde k fyzick\u00e9mu zproh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed kovu, lze kapotu po ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00edm vyst\u0159elen\u00ed jednodu\u0161e zatla\u010dit ob\u011bma rukami zp\u011bt u pant\u016f a z\u00e1padka se uzamkne bez jak\u00fdchkoliv omezen\u00ed po\u010dtu pou\u017eit\u00ed. K mechanick\u00e9 reverzibiln\u00ed mechatronice se u nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00edch elektromobil\u016f vrac\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad i Volkswagen s modelem ID.7.<\/p>\n
![\"Video](\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/1786008190_383_retina.jpg\")
<\/p>\n
\n\t\t\t\tPyrotechnick\u00fd syst\u00e9m aktivn\u00ed kapoty \u2022 Toyota\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n
Pyrotechnika versus pru\u017eina<\/p>\n
Cel\u00e9 kouzlo se odehraje v rozmez\u00ed 20 a\u017e 50 milisekund od prvn\u00edho kontaktu. Senzorick\u00e1 s\u00ed\u0165 v p\u0159edn\u00edm n\u00e1razn\u00edku, tvo\u0159en\u00e1 akcelerometry a tlakov\u00fdmi \u010di optick\u00fdmi sn\u00edma\u010di ulo\u017een\u00fdmi v p\u011bnov\u00e9 v\u00fdplni, vyhodnocuje r\u00e1zovou vlnu. Jakmile \u0159\u00eddic\u00ed jednotka airbag\u016f v rychlostn\u00edm okn\u011b p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b od 20 do 50 km\/h vyhodnot\u00ed, \u017ee charakteristika n\u00e1razu odpov\u00edd\u00e1 st\u0159etu s lidsk\u00fdm t\u011blem, vysl\u00e1n\u00ed elektrick\u00e9ho impulsu je ot\u00e1zkou okam\u017eiku.<\/p>\n
Zde se v\u0161ak cesty konstruk\u010dn\u00edch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed rozch\u00e1zej\u00ed. Historicky nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pyrotechnick\u00e9 syst\u00e9my vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed plynogener\u00e1tory. Prudk\u00e1 expanze plynu vyst\u0159el\u00ed p\u00edst, kter\u00fd p\u0159etrhne \u010di ohne deforma\u010dn\u00ed pojistku z\u00e1v\u011bs\u016f a vyzdvihne zadn\u00ed hranu kapoty u \u010deln\u00edho skla o 50 a\u017e 80 milimetr\u016f. Reakce je bleskov\u00e1, av\u0161ak destruktivn\u00ed \u2013 odp\u00e1len\u00fd syst\u00e9m vy\u017eaduje v\u00fdm\u011bnu komponent\u016f.<\/p>\n
Oproti tomu reverzibiln\u00ed mechanick\u00e9 syst\u00e9my s\u00e1zej\u00ed na p\u0159edepnut\u00e9 pru\u017einy \u010di rychl\u00e9 elektromotory. Pokud u nich dojde k aktivaci nebo fale\u0161n\u00e9mu poplachu, \u0159idi\u010d m\u016f\u017ee kapotu jednodu\u0161e zatla\u010dit rukou zp\u011bt do p\u016fvodn\u00ed polohy. Mechanismus se t\u00edm zresetuje bez nutnosti nav\u0161t\u00edvit servis. I kdy\u017e jsou pru\u017einov\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed o n\u011bco pomalej\u0161\u00ed, t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed a rozm\u011brn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, pro ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1klady na v\u00fdrobu se u nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00edch model\u016f postupn\u011b vrac\u00ed do hry.<\/p>\n
Tot\u00e1lka za drobn\u00e9 \u0161\u0165ouchnut\u00ed<\/p>\n Zat\u00edmco z\u00e1chrana lidsk\u00e9ho \u017eivota je k nezaplacen\u00ed, finan\u010dn\u00ed bilance po vyst\u0159elen\u00ed pyrotechnick\u00e9 kapoty b\u00fdv\u00e1 pro majitele auta mraziv\u00e1. I zcela minim\u00e1ln\u00ed kontakt v n\u00edzk\u00e9 rychlosti, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m plastov\u00fd n\u00e1razn\u00edk nemus\u00ed jevit \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 zn\u00e1mky po\u0161kozen\u00ed, dok\u00e1\u017ee pyrotechniku odp\u00e1lit. D\u016fvody pro extr\u00e9mn\u00ed ceny oprav le\u017e\u00ed v cenov\u00e9 politice origin\u00e1ln\u00edch n\u00e1hradn\u00edch d\u00edl\u016f a \u0159et\u011bzov\u00e9 reakci po\u0161kozen\u00ed.<\/p>\n P\u00e1r origin\u00e1ln\u00edch pyrotechnick\u00fdch patron pro luxusn\u00ed modely zna\u010dky Lexus z va\u0161\u00ed pen\u011b\u017eenky vysaje t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 200 tis\u00edc korun. U evropsk\u00fdch pr\u00e9miov\u00fdch zna\u010dek, jako jsou Mercedes-Benz \u010di BMW, se sice cena samotn\u00fdch patron pohybuje o n\u011bco p\u0159\u00edzniv\u011bji, jen\u017ee t\u00edm seznam v\u00fddaj\u016f teprve za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1.<\/p>\n Pokud jsou z\u00e1v\u011bsy kapoty konstruov\u00e1ny tak, aby se p\u0159i odp\u00e1len\u00ed zdeformovaly, jejich v\u00fdm\u011bna spolkne dal\u0161\u00edch 6 a\u017e 16 tis\u00edc korun. Dal\u0161\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed \u0161ok p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed v moment\u011b, kdy p\u00e1kov\u00fd efekt ohne rohy samotn\u00e9 kapoty nebo v m\u00edst\u011b pnut\u00ed poprask\u00e1 lak. Dal\u0161\u00edch 25 a\u017e 60 tis\u00edc korun.\u00a0<\/p>\n Pak m\u016f\u017ee nastoupit lak\u00fdrnick\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce, v\u00fdm\u011bna senzor\u016f, nov\u00e9 z\u00e1mky a nezbytn\u011b nutn\u00e1 v\u00fdm\u011bna zablokovan\u00e9 \u0159\u00eddic\u00ed jednotky airbag\u016f. V\u00fdsledn\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1stka na faktu\u0159e za jednu sra\u017eenou srnu vylet\u00ed klidn\u011b na 300 tis\u00edc korun.<\/p>\n Vyst\u0159elovac\u00ed kapota | Zdroj: Honda<\/p>\n Obch\u00e1zen\u00ed \u00fa\u010dtu na \u010dtvrt milionu<\/p>\n Z\u00e1sadn\u00edm kamenem \u00farazu je omezen\u00e1 schopnost senzor\u016f rozli\u0161it lidsk\u00e9 t\u011blo od jin\u00fdch fyzick\u00fdch p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eek. Sn\u00edma\u010de reaguj\u00ed v\u00fdhradn\u011b na s\u00edlu r\u00e1zu a rychlost n\u00e1r\u016fstu tlaku. K ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00edm aktivac\u00edm tak m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt i p\u0159i st\u0159etu se zv\u011b\u0159\u00ed nebo p\u0159i\u00a0 prora\u017een\u00ed sn\u011bhov\u00e9 z\u00e1v\u011bje na krajnici.<\/p>\n Pro majitele ojet\u00fdch vozidel s tr\u017en\u00ed hodnotou kolem dvou set tis\u00edc korun p\u0159edstavuje takov\u00e1 situace z\u00e1sadn\u00ed probl\u00e9m. Kalkulace autorizovan\u00e9 opravy \u010dasto p\u0159ekro\u010d\u00ed tr\u017en\u00ed cenu vozidla. Poji\u0161\u0165ovna ud\u00e1lost vyhodnot\u00ed jako finan\u010dn\u00ed tot\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0161kodu, p\u0159esto\u017ee je jinak auto po mechanick\u00e9 i struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed str\u00e1nce zcela netknut\u00e9 a pln\u011b poj\u00edzdn\u00e9.<\/p>\n Vysok\u00e9 n\u00e1klady zplodily na trhu neofici\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. N\u011bkter\u00e9 nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 servisy nab\u00edzej\u00ed repasi a vyrovn\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1v\u011bs\u016f za zlomkovou cenu. A mezi n\u011bkter\u00fdmi \u0159idi\u010di se roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd fenom\u00e9n v podob\u011b takzvan\u00fdch emul\u00e1tor\u016f neboli bypass\u016f. Jeliko\u017e \u0159\u00eddic\u00ed jednotka ov\u011b\u0159uje stav pyrotechnick\u00fdch patron m\u011b\u0159en\u00edm elektrick\u00e9ho odporu, vyst\u0159elen\u00fd modul kutilov\u00e9 nahrazuj\u00ed oby\u010dejn\u00fdm rezistorem. Ten simuluje p\u0159\u00edtomnost funk\u010dn\u00ed patrony a zhasne chybovou kontrolku na p\u0159\u00edstrojov\u00e9 desce.<\/p>\n Obch\u00e1zen\u00ed syst\u00e9mu rezistory je v\u0161ak extr\u00e9mn\u00ed hazard. Vozidlo p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed o prvek pasivn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti, s n\u00edm\u017e bylo homologv\u00e1no, a p\u0159i re\u00e1ln\u00e9m st\u0159etu s chodcem hroz\u00ed provozovateli trestn\u00ed st\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed. Poji\u0161\u0165ovna uplatn\u00ed pln\u00fd regres na n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody, tj. odm\u00edtne pln\u011bn\u00ed. A samoz\u0159ejm\u011b by takov\u00e9 auto ani nem\u011blo proj\u00edt stanic\u00ed technick\u00e9 kontroly.<\/p>\n Hod\u00ed se havarijko<\/p>\n Automobilov\u00fd v\u00fdvoj se sna\u017e\u00ed toto n\u00e1kladn\u00e9 dilema vy\u0159e\u0161it modern\u00edmi technologiemi. Kl\u00ed\u010dem je propojen\u00ed \u0159\u00eddic\u00ed jednotky kapoty s pokro\u010dil\u00fdmi asisten\u010dn\u00edmi syst\u00e9my ADAS, \u010deln\u00edmi radary a kamerami s um\u011blou inteligenc\u00ed.<\/p>\n Pokud kamerov\u00fd syst\u00e9m vyhodnot\u00ed, \u017ee p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ekou na vozovce je zv\u00ed\u0159e nebo ne\u017eiv\u00fd objekt, pyro-patrony se neodp\u00e1l\u00ed a vozidlo se prim\u00e1rn\u011b sna\u017e\u00ed zastavit pomoc\u00ed autonomn\u00edho nouzov\u00e9ho brzd\u011bn\u00ed. Druh\u00fdm v\u00fdrazn\u00fdm trendem je postupn\u00fd p\u0159echod od pyrotechniky k on\u011bm pln\u011b reverzibiln\u00edm elektrick\u00fdm a pru\u017einov\u00fdm mechatronick\u00fdm modul\u016fm.<\/p>\n Pro \u0159idi\u010de a z\u00e1jemce o ojet\u00e1 auta z toho plyne jednozna\u010dn\u00e9 doporu\u010den\u00ed. Pokud vlastn\u00edte v\u016fz vybaven\u00fd pyrotechnickou kapotou, nepodce\u0148ujte kvalitn\u00ed havarijn\u00ed poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed se sjednan\u00fdm kryt\u00edm rizik st\u0159etu se zv\u011b\u0159\u00ed. P\u0159i n\u00e1kupu ojet\u00e9ho automobilu z druh\u00e9 ruky nechte v servisu d\u016fkladn\u011b zkontrolovat stav z\u00e1v\u011bs\u016f a prov\u00e9st diagnostiku syst\u00e9mu SRS, tedy airbag\u016f \u2013 vyhnete se tak aut\u016fm, na kter\u00fdch n\u011bkdo namontoval nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 emul\u00e1tory nebo neodborn\u011b sva\u0159en\u00e9 deforma\u010dn\u00ed panty.<\/p>\n Zdroje:\u00a0Euro NCAP, Evropsk\u00e1 sm\u011brnice 2003\/102\/ES, KIDI Auto Technology Institute, Lexus<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Aktivn\u00ed kapota zm\u00edr\u0148uje n\u00e1sledky st\u0159etu s chodcem. B\u011bhem n\u011bkolika milisekund pyrotechnika nadzvedne plech a vytvo\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1chrann\u00fd pol\u0161t\u00e1\u0159 nad…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":170332,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[12],"tags":[1014,1993,67,68,3205,3539,41765,3467,27076,13474,768,424],"class_list":["post-170331","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-byznys","tag-bezpecnost","tag-bmw","tag-business","tag-byznys","tag-lexus","tag-mercedes-benz","tag-ncap","tag-ojete-vozy","tag-ojetina","tag-rady-ridicum","tag-redakcni-video","tag-video"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/117047840401680370","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/170331","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=170331"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/170331\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/170332"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=170331"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=170331"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=170331"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![\"Tyto](\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/9902530.jpg\" "\\"Tyto")
<\/a>Tyto 3 prvky by m\u011bly b\u00fdt v autech povinn\u00e9 m\u00edsto otravn\u00fdch asistent\u016f<\/a><\/p>\n![\"Aut\u016fm](\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/3946385.jpg\" "\\"Aut\u016fm")
<\/a>Aut\u016fm z let 2010 a\u017e 2021 dojde sign\u00e1l. Fungovat p\u0159estane eCall i komfortn\u00ed funkce<\/a><\/p>\n![\"\u010cern\u00e1](\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/9925318.jpg\" "\\"\u010cern\u00e1")
<\/a>\u010cern\u00e1 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ka u\u017e i v autobusech a kamionech. Jak moc n\u00e1s \u0161m\u00edruje?<\/a><\/p>\n