{"id":172699,"date":"2026-08-08T11:38:07","date_gmt":"2026-08-08T11:38:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/172699\/"},"modified":"2026-08-08T11:38:07","modified_gmt":"2026-08-08T11:38:07","slug":"evrope-hrozi-rychla-dezertifikace-do-roku-2040-zasahne-i-polabi-a-jizni-moravu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/172699\/","title":{"rendered":"Evrop\u011b hroz\u00ed rychl\u00e1 dezertifikace. Do roku 2040 zas\u00e1hne i Polab\u00ed a ji\u017en\u00ed Moravu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Spole\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 centrum Evropsk\u00e9 komise JRC zve\u0159ejnilo novou studii<\/a>, kter\u00e1 mapuje degradaci p\u016fdy a postup dezertifikace v Evropsk\u00e9 unii. Auto\u0159i vyu\u017eili aktualizovanou metodiku, data evropsk\u00e9 p\u016fdn\u00ed observato\u0159e i dru\u017eicov\u00e9 podklady programu Copernicus.<\/p>\n

Zpr\u00e1va m\u00e1 p\u0159es pades\u00e1t stran, nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pozornost v\u0161ak p\u0159itahuj\u00ed jej\u00ed mapy. Ukazuj\u00ed nejen sou\u010dasn\u00fd rozsah dezertifikace, ale tak\u00e9 oblasti, ve kter\u00fdch se mohou kv\u016fli rostouc\u00edmu suchu podm\u00ednky v\u00fdrazn\u011b zhor\u0161it do roku 2040. Mezi ohro\u017een\u00fdmi \u00fazem\u00edmi se objevuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti \u010ceska.<\/p>\n

Dezertifikace neznamen\u00e1 vznik pou\u0161t\u011b<\/p>\n

Pojem dezertifikace m\u016f\u017ee vyvol\u00e1vat p\u0159edstavu krajiny zav\u00e1t\u00e9 p\u00edskem. Ve skute\u010dnosti ozna\u010duje degradaci p\u016fdy v such\u00fdch oblastech a trval\u00e9 sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed jej\u00ed schopnosti podporovat lidskou \u010dinnost, zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed, vegetaci a dal\u0161\u00ed formy \u017eivota.<\/p>\n

\"Sucho<\/a>Sucho a tepl\u00e1 voda omezuj\u00ed v\u00fdkon jaderek. \u010cesk\u00e9 zat\u00edm chr\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017ee<\/a><\/p>\n

Na tomto procesu se mohou pod\u00edlet lidsk\u00e9 z\u00e1sahy, zp\u016fsob hospoda\u0159en\u00ed, eroze, \u00fabytek organick\u00e9 hmoty i zm\u011bna klimatu. Dezertifikace proto automaticky neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee se zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e1 p\u016fda prom\u011bn\u00ed v tradi\u010dn\u00ed pou\u0161\u0165. Znamen\u00e1 v\u0161ak, \u017ee se bez dodate\u010dn\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010de, obnovy nebo zavla\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee postupn\u011b sni\u017eovat jej\u00ed produktivita.<\/p>\n

JRC p\u0159i hodnocen\u00ed kombinuje informace o degradaci p\u016fdy s indexem aridity. Ten vyjad\u0159uje pom\u011br mezi mno\u017estv\u00edm sr\u00e1\u017eek a potenci\u00e1ln\u00edm v\u00fdparem. Za such\u00e9 oblasti pova\u017euje aridn\u00ed, semiaridn\u00ed a takzvan\u00e9 such\u00e9 subhumidn\u00ed regiony, jejich\u017e index aridity se pohybuje mezi 0,03 a 0,65.<\/p>\n

Sn\u00edmky dru\u017eice Sentinel 2 evropsk\u00e9ho projektu Copernicus zobrazuj\u00ed vyprahlou krajinu v \u010cesku. Na obr\u00e1zku oblast Novoml\u00fdnsk\u00fdch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed a krajiny kolem P\u00e1lavy na ji\u017en\u00ed Morav\u011b. | Zdroj: Copernicus<\/p>\n

Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9my m\u00e1 jih Evropy<\/p>\n

Podle nov\u00e9 metodiky je dezertifikac\u00ed v sou\u010dasnosti zasa\u017eeno p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 15 procent \u00fazem\u00ed Evropsk\u00e9 unie. Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed pod\u00edl vykazuje \u0160pan\u011blsko, kde se probl\u00e9m t\u00fdk\u00e1 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 53 procent rozlohy zem\u011b. Na Kypru jde o v\u00edce ne\u017e 45 procent, v Bulharsku zhruba o t\u0159etinu a v \u0158ecku o 30 procent.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdrazn\u011b zasa\u017een\u00e9 jsou tak\u00e9 Portugalsko, Rumunsko, Ma\u010farsko a \u010d\u00e1sti It\u00e1lie. Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 mapa v\u0161ak ukazuje men\u0161\u00ed ohniska i v zem\u00edch, kter\u00e9 si ve\u0159ejnost s dezertifikac\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u011b nespojuje.<\/p>\n

V \u010cesku klasifikuje studie jako dezertifikovan\u00e9 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1,65 procenta \u00fazem\u00ed. Nejviditeln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zasa\u017een\u00e1 oblast le\u017e\u00ed na ji\u017en\u00ed Morav\u011b, zejm\u00e9na v p\u00e1su p\u0159i \u010desko-rakousk\u00e9 hranici mezi Znojemskem a B\u0159eclavskem.<\/p>\n

Sou\u010dasn\u00fd rozsah dezertifikace podle metodiky JRC. \u010cerven\u011b jsou vyzna\u010deny such\u00e9 oblasti, ve kter\u00fdch byla sou\u010dasn\u011b zji\u0161t\u011bna degradace p\u016fdy. | Zdroj: JRC European Commision<\/p>\n

Ohro\u017een\u00fd milion kilometr\u016f \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00edch<\/p>\n

Je\u0161t\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zm\u011bny ukazuje v\u00fdhled pro obdob\u00ed let 2021 a\u017e 2040. Podle sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f indexu aridity bude zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9mu riziku dezertifikace vystaveno dal\u0161\u00edch 1,005 milionu kilometr\u016f \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00edch \u00fazem\u00ed Evropsk\u00e9 unie. To odpov\u00edd\u00e1 v\u00edce ne\u017e dvan\u00e1ctin\u00e1sobku rozlohy \u010ceska.<\/p>\n

Rozloha such\u00fdch oblast\u00ed by se b\u011bhem n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch dvou desetilet\u00ed mohla zv\u011bt\u0161it p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b o p\u011bt a\u017e deset procent \u00fazem\u00ed EU, tedy o 200 a\u017e 400 tis\u00edc kilometr\u016f \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00edch. Samotn\u00e9 semiaridn\u00ed oblasti se mohou roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it o 80 a\u017e 200 tis\u00edc kilometr\u016f \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00edch.<\/p>\n

Nejv\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zm\u011bny o\u010dek\u00e1vaj\u00ed v\u011bdci v ji\u017en\u00ed Evrop\u011b, zejm\u00e9na ve \u0160pan\u011blsku, It\u00e1lii, \u0158ecku a na Balk\u00e1n\u011b. Vysych\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00e1 ale postupovat tak\u00e9 do p\u0159echodov\u00fdch oblast\u00ed Francie, Ma\u010farska, Rumunska, Polska nebo \u010ceska.<\/p>\n

Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed such\u00fdch oblast\u00ed v EU. Vlevo je sou\u010dasn\u00fd stav, vpravo sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159 pro obdob\u00ed 2021 a\u017e 2040. R\u016f\u017eov\u00e1 ozna\u010duje aridn\u00ed, semiaridn\u00ed a such\u00e9 subhumidn\u00ed oblasti. | Zdroj: JRC European Commision<\/p>\n

\u010cesk\u00e9 rizikov\u00e9 oblasti se roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed<\/p>\n

Ve sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159i pro rok 2040 se na map\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u011bji objevuje ji\u017en\u00ed Morava. Such\u00e1 oblast se m\u00e1 roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm sm\u011brem do Rakouska a \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b tak\u00e9 do \u010desk\u00e9ho vnitrozem\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Nov\u00fdm v\u00fdrazn\u00fdm ohniskem se st\u00e1v\u00e1 \u010cesk\u00e1 tabule, zejm\u00e9na \u010d\u00e1sti Polab\u00ed. Such\u00e9 podm\u00ednky se podle mapy mohou roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it rovn\u011b\u017e do st\u0159edn\u00edho Polska a n\u011bkter\u00fdch oblast\u00ed N\u011bmecka, kter\u00e9 dnes nejsou b\u011b\u017en\u011b pova\u017eovan\u00e9 za such\u00e9 regiony.<\/p>\n

\"Ob\u00e1van\u00e9<\/a>Ob\u00e1van\u00e9 El Ni\u00f1o je tady a nab\u00edr\u00e1 na s\u00edle. Meteorologov\u00e9 varuj\u00ed Evropu p\u0159ed extr\u00e9my<\/a><\/p>\n

Mapa sama o sob\u011b ne\u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee se Polab\u00ed nebo ji\u017en\u00ed Morava b\u011bhem \u010dtrn\u00e1cti let prom\u011bn\u00ed v pou\u0161\u0165. Ukazuje ale, \u017ee se mohou posunout do klimatick\u00e9 kategorie, ve kter\u00e9 bude p\u016fda n\u00e1chyln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed k degradaci a dlouhodob\u00e9mu poklesu produktivity.<\/p>\n

Sn\u00edmky dru\u017eice Sentinel 2 evropsk\u00e9ho projektu Copernicus zobrazuj\u00ed vyprahlou krajinu v \u010cesku. Na obr\u00e1zku oblast kolem Roudnice nad Labem. | Zdroj: Copernicus<\/p>\n

S rostouc\u00edm suchem proto porostou tak\u00e9 n\u00e1roky na hospoda\u0159en\u00ed s vodou. Zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee pot\u0159ebovat \u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1vlahov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, p\u016fda v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ochranu p\u0159ed eroz\u00ed a krajina opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 pomohou sr\u00e1\u017ekovou vodu zadr\u017eet.<\/p>\n

Ot\u00e1zkou z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1, odkud bude mo\u017en\u00e9 pot\u0159ebnou vodu \u010derpat. Jej\u00ed nedostatek toti\u017e nepostihuje pouze zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed. N\u00edzk\u00e9 pr\u016ftoky \u0159ek mohou komplikovat tak\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed dopravu, pr\u016fmyslovou v\u00fdrobu nebo provoz elektr\u00e1ren z\u00e1visl\u00fdch na dostatku chladic\u00ed vody.<\/p>\n

Nov\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va JRC tak nep\u0159edpov\u00edd\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edchod p\u00edse\u010dn\u00fdch pou\u0161t\u00ed do st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy. Varuje ale, \u017ee hranice evropsk\u00fdch such\u00fdch oblast\u00ed se posouv\u00e1 na sever a \u017ee regiony dosud pova\u017eovan\u00e9 za klimaticky bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 budou muset st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji \u0159e\u0161it degradaci p\u016fdy i nedostatek vody.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Spole\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 centrum Evropsk\u00e9 komise JRC zve\u0159ejnilo novou studii, kter\u00e1 mapuje degradaci p\u016fdy a postup dezertifikace v Evropsk\u00e9…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":172700,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[11],"tags":[42,106,571,1162,42053,3113,7526,2889,950,54,53,52,590],"class_list":["post-172699","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-svet","tag-cesko","tag-evropa","tag-evropska-unie","tag-jihomoravsky-kraj","tag-jrc-czech","tag-polabi","tag-recko","tag-rumunsko","tag-spanelsko","tag-svet","tag-world","tag-world-news","tag-zemedelstvi"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/117059696161831984","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/172699","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=172699"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/172699\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/172700"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=172699"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=172699"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=172699"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}