Kdy\u017e se \u0159ekne st\u0159ed Evropy, \u010dlov\u011bk by \u010dekal jedin\u00fd bod, kter\u00fd zem\u011bm\u011b\u0159i\u010di p\u0159esn\u011b vypo\u010d\u00edtali a\u00a0ozna\u010dili kamenem. Jen\u017ee skute\u010dnost je mnohem zaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Za st\u0159ed na\u0161eho kontinentu se ozna\u010duj\u00ed m\u00edsta v\u00a0Litv\u011b, Polsku, na Slovensku, Ukrajin\u011b a\u00a0p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b tak\u00e9 na mnoha m\u00edstech v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice. Jak je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee Evropa m\u00e1 tolik st\u0159ed\u016f?<\/p>\n
Naj\u00edt st\u0159ed kruhu nebo \u010dtverce nen\u00ed probl\u00e9m. Evropa ov\u0161em \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd pravideln\u00fd geometrick\u00fd \u00fatvar nep\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1. Nav\u00edc nen\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b jednozna\u010dn\u00e9 ani to, co v\u0161echno do Evropy zapo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1me.<\/p>\n
Maj\u00ed se po\u010d\u00edtat vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 ostrovy? Island? \u0160picberky? Azory? A\u00a0kde p\u0159esn\u011b v\u00e9st hranici mezi Evropou a\u00a0Asi\u00ed?<\/p>\n
Pr\u00e1v\u011b podle odpov\u011bdi na tyto ot\u00e1zky a\u00a0podle zvolen\u00e9 matematick\u00e9 metody m\u016f\u017ee evropsk\u00fd st\u0159ed vyj\u00edt na \u00fapln\u011b jin\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b.<\/p>\n
Rusko n\u00e1m Evropu po\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b natahuje na v\u00fdchod<\/p>\n
P\u0159i pohledu na mapu Evropsk\u00e9 unie by \u010dlov\u011bk mohl o\u010dek\u00e1vat st\u0159ed kontinentu n\u011bkde v\u00a0N\u011bmecku, \u010cesku, Rakousku nebo Polsku.<\/p>\n
Jen\u017ee Evropsk\u00e1 unie nen\u00ed Evropa.<\/p>\n
Tradi\u010dn\u00ed geografick\u00e1 hranice Evropy vede na v\u00fdchod\u011b p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pod\u00e9l poho\u0159\u00ed Ural, tak\u017ee k\u00a0Evrop\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed tak\u00e9 obrovsk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st z\u00e1padn\u00edho Ruska.<\/p>\n
A to m\u00e1 na hled\u00e1n\u00ed st\u0159edu z\u00e1sadn\u00ed vliv.<\/p>\n
Pokud do v\u00fdpo\u010dtu zahrneme evropsk\u00e9 Rusko a\u017e k\u00a0Uralu, plocha kontinentu se v\u00fdrazn\u011b prodlou\u017e\u00ed sm\u011brem na v\u00fdchod. Geometrick\u00e9 t\u011b\u017ei\u0161t\u011b se proto posune mnohem d\u00e1l, ne\u017e bychom intuitivn\u011b o\u010dek\u00e1vali p\u0159i pohledu pouze na st\u00e1ty Evropsk\u00e9 unie.<\/p>\n
Pr\u00e1v\u011b proto nen\u00ed v\u016fbec tak p\u0159ekvapiv\u00e9, \u017ee jeden z\u00a0nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edch modern\u00edch v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f skon\u010dil a\u017e v\u00a0Litv\u011b.<\/p>\n
Jeden z\u00a0nejuzn\u00e1van\u011bj\u0161\u00edch st\u0159ed\u016f Evropy le\u017e\u00ed v\u00a0Litv\u011b<\/p>\n
V roce 1989\u00a0provedl francouzsk\u00fd geografick\u00fd institut v\u00fdpo\u010det geometrick\u00e9ho st\u0159edu evropsk\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed.<\/p>\n
V\u00fdsledek uk\u00e1zal na oblast Purnu\u0161k\u0117s a\u00a0Bernotai, p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 25\u00a0kilometr\u016f severn\u011b od litevsk\u00e9 metropole Vilniusu.<\/p>\n
Dnes jde o\u00a0jeden z\u00a0nej\u010dast\u011bji uv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fdch geografick\u00fdch st\u0159ed\u016f Evropy.<\/p>\n
Ani o\u00a0n\u011bm v\u0161ak nem\u016f\u017eeme \u0159\u00edct, \u017ee jde o\u00a0jedin\u00fd a\u00a0definitivn\u00ed bod. Jin\u00e1 definice hranic kontinentu nebo jin\u00e1 metoda v\u00fdpo\u010dtu toti\u017e m\u016f\u017ee d\u00e1t jin\u00fd v\u00fdsledek.<\/p>\n
A p\u0159esn\u011b to se v\u00a0minulosti mnohokr\u00e1t stalo.<\/p>\n
Sv\u016fj st\u0159ed Evropy maj\u00ed tak\u00e9 Slov\u00e1ci<\/p>\n
Velmi zn\u00e1m\u00e9ho kandid\u00e1ta najdeme p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b bl\u00edzko n\u00e1s.<\/p>\n
U obce Kremnick\u00e9 Bane na st\u0159edn\u00edm Slovensku stoj\u00ed nedaleko gotick\u00e9ho kostela sv. Jana K\u0159titele k\u00e1men ozna\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed geografick\u00fd st\u0159ed Evropy.<\/p>\n
M\u00edsto le\u017e\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b na sou\u0159adnic\u00edch 48\u00b044\u203238\u2033 severn\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159ky a\u00a018\u00b054\u203248\u2033 v\u00fdchodn\u00ed d\u00e9lky.<\/p>\n
Slovensk\u00fd st\u0159ed Evropy pat\u0159\u00ed k\u00a0t\u011bm zn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edm a\u00a0stal se tak\u00e9 turistickou zaj\u00edmavost\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Ani tady ov\u0161em nejde o\u00a0jedin\u00fd mezin\u00e1rodn\u011b nezpochybniteln\u00fd bod. Jde o\u00a0jeden z\u00a0v\u00fdsledk\u016f zalo\u017een\u00fdch na ur\u010dit\u00e9m zp\u016fsobu vymezen\u00ed evropsk\u00e9ho kontinentu.<\/p>\n
A t\u00edm se dost\u00e1v\u00e1me do \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky, kde je situace je\u0161t\u011b pest\u0159ej\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Dyle\u0148: \u010desk\u00fd st\u0159ed Evropy spojen\u00fd s\u00a0Napoleonem<\/p>\n
Asi nejromanti\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010desk\u00fd kandid\u00e1t le\u017e\u00ed v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9m lese nedaleko Mari\u00e1nsk\u00fdch L\u00e1zn\u00ed.<\/p>\n
U hory Dyle\u0148 stoj\u00ed na \u010desko-n\u011bmeck\u00e9m pomez\u00ed mohutn\u00fd \u017eulov\u00fd k\u00e1men p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed \u00fadajn\u00fd st\u0159ed Evropy.<\/p>\n
Podle m\u00edstn\u00ed tradice m\u011bli toto m\u00edsto za st\u0159ed kontinentu ozna\u010dit kartografov\u00e9 Napoleona Bonaparta. Kudy z\u00a0nudy uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee k\u00e1men stoj\u00ed jihoz\u00e1padn\u011b od vrcholu Dylen\u011b a\u00a0tradice jej spojuje pr\u00e1v\u011b s\u00a0napoleonsk\u00fdm m\u011b\u0159en\u00edm. R\u016fzn\u00e9 prameny se ov\u0161em rozch\u00e1zej\u00ed v\u00a0dataci t\u00e9to ud\u00e1losti, tak\u017ee je lep\u0161\u00ed cel\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh ch\u00e1pat p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm jako historickou tradici ne\u017e jako nezpochybniteln\u00fd v\u011bdeck\u00fd v\u00fdpo\u010det.<\/p>\n
P\u0159esto je Dyle\u0148 asi jedn\u00edm z\u00a0\u010desk\u00fdch m\u00edst, kde \u010dlov\u011bk nejsn\u00e1ze z\u00edsk\u00e1 pocit, \u017ee skute\u010dn\u011b stoj\u00ed \u201euprost\u0159ed Evropy\u201c.<\/p>\n
Kou\u0159im m\u00e1 st\u0159ed, kter\u00fd lze ur\u010dit na metr p\u0159esn\u011b<\/p>\n
\u00dapln\u011b jin\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpad p\u0159edstavuje Kou\u0159im ve St\u0159edo\u010desk\u00e9m kraji.<\/p>\n
Nedaleko m\u011bsta se prot\u00edn\u00e1:<\/p>\n
50.\u00a0rovnob\u011b\u017eka severn\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159ky<\/p>\n
15.\u00a0poledn\u00edk v\u00fdchodn\u00ed d\u00e9lky.<\/p>\n
Tento bod b\u00fdv\u00e1 ozna\u010dov\u00e1n jako astronomick\u00fd st\u0159ed Evropy.<\/p>\n
\u010cesk\u00e1 astronomick\u00e1 spole\u010dnost m\u00edsto v\u00a0roce 1995\u00a0ov\u011b\u0159ila a\u00a0vym\u011b\u0159ila. Skute\u010dn\u00fd pr\u016fse\u010d\u00edk se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v\u00a0pol\u00edch v\u00fdchodn\u011b od Kou\u0159imi. P\u0159\u00edmo na kou\u0159imsk\u00e9m n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed na n\u011bj od roku 2010\u00a0upozor\u0148uje pam\u00e1tn\u00edk.<\/p>\n
Tady tedy skute\u010dn\u011b m\u00e1me naprosto p\u0159esn\u00fd bod:<\/p>\n
Jen\u017ee ani to z\u00a0Kou\u0159imi ned\u011bl\u00e1 geografick\u00e9 t\u011b\u017ei\u0161t\u011b evropsk\u00e9ho kontinentu. Jde o\u00a0astronomicky v\u00fdznamn\u00fd pr\u016fse\u010d\u00edk zem\u011bpisn\u00fdch sou\u0159adnic.<\/p>\n
Li\u0161ov: \u201ev\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edsto\u201c \u010desk\u00fdch zem\u011bm\u011b\u0159i\u010d\u016f<\/p>\n
Dal\u0161\u00ed evropsk\u00fd st\u0159ed najdeme nedaleko jiho\u010desk\u00e9ho Li\u0161ova.<\/p>\n
V lese pobl\u00ed\u017e rybn\u00edka Kon\u00ed\u0159 le\u017e\u00ed Locus perennis, v\u00a0p\u0159ekladu \u201ev\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edsto\u201c.<\/p>\n
Jedn\u00e1 se o\u00a0v\u00fdznamn\u00fd historick\u00fd nivela\u010dn\u00ed bod \u010desk\u00e9ho zem\u011bm\u011b\u0159ictv\u00ed. Dodnes b\u00fdv\u00e1 ozna\u010dov\u00e1n tak\u00e9 jako st\u0159ed Evropy. M\u011bsto Li\u0161ov toto pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i tradi\u010dn\u00edm B\u011bhu kolem st\u0159edu Evropy.<\/p>\n
Op\u011bt tedy nejde o\u00a0geometrick\u00fd st\u0159ed cel\u00e9ho evropsk\u00e9ho kontinentu, ale m\u00edsto m\u00e1 skute\u010dn\u00fd historick\u00fd a\u00a0geodetick\u00fd v\u00fdznam.<\/p>\n
Tajemn\u00fd Melechov na Vyso\u010din\u011b<\/p>\n
Dal\u0161\u00ed \u010desk\u00fd kandid\u00e1t le\u017e\u00ed na Vyso\u010din\u011b.<\/p>\n
Vrch Melechov nedaleko Led\u010de nad S\u00e1zavou b\u00fdv\u00e1 ozna\u010dov\u00e1n za jedno z\u00a0nejstar\u0161\u00edch m\u00edst na na\u0161em \u00fazem\u00ed spojovan\u00fdch se st\u0159edem Evropy.<\/p>\n
Podle r\u016fzn\u00fdch pramen\u016f zde m\u011bl dokonce st\u00e1t k\u00e1men ozna\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed evropsk\u00fd st\u0159ed. Dnes u\u017e ho v\u0161ak z\u0159ejm\u011b nenajdeme, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b nen\u00ed zn\u00e1mo jeho p\u0159esn\u00e9 um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n
A ani t\u00edm \u010desk\u00fd seznam nekon\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n
St\u0159ed Evropy v\u00a0Brn\u011b nebo u\u00a0T\u0159eb\u00ed\u010de?<\/p>\n
Za evropsk\u00fd st\u0159ed byla v\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch dob\u00e1ch ozna\u010dov\u00e1na tak\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed \u010desk\u00e1 a\u00a0moravsk\u00e1 m\u00edsta.<\/p>\n
V seznamech se objevuj\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad B\u0159e\u017eany nad Oh\u0159\u00ed, Bru\u0161perk, okol\u00ed T\u0159eb\u00ed\u010de, Znojma \u010di \u017d\u010f\u00e1ru nad S\u00e1zavou, ale dokonce tak\u00e9 brn\u011bnsk\u00fd Zeln\u00fd trh.<\/p>\n
\u010cesk\u00e1 republika tak m\u016f\u017ee bez velk\u00e9 nads\u00e1zky tvrdit, \u017ee m\u00e1 st\u0159ed\u016f Evropy hned n\u011bkolik.<\/p>\n
Ka\u017ed\u00fd ale vznikl jin\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem.<\/p>\n
Tak kde tedy st\u0159ed Evropy skute\u010dn\u011b je?<\/p>\n
Nejp\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed odpov\u011b\u010f mo\u017en\u00e1 nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 uspokojiv\u00e1:<\/p>\n
Z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na tom, co p\u0159esn\u011b slovem \u201est\u0159ed\u201c mysl\u00edme.<\/p>\n
Pokud hled\u00e1me geometrick\u00e9 t\u011b\u017ei\u0161t\u011b evropsk\u00e9ho kontinentu podle jednoho z\u00a0nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edch modern\u00edch v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f, dostaneme se do Litvy severn\u011b od Vilniusu.<\/p>\n
Pokud pou\u017eijeme jinou historickou metodu, m\u016f\u017eeme skon\u010dit na Slovensku.<\/p>\n
Pokud hled\u00e1me astronomick\u00fd bod zalo\u017een\u00fd na poledn\u00edku a\u00a0rovnob\u011b\u017ece, m\u016f\u017eeme zam\u00ed\u0159it ke Kou\u0159imi.<\/p>\n
Pokud n\u00e1s zaj\u00edm\u00e1 historie a\u00a0napoleonsk\u00e1 legenda, nab\u00edz\u00ed se Dyle\u0148.<\/p>\n
A pokud n\u00e1s l\u00e1k\u00e1 historie evropsk\u00e9ho zem\u011bm\u011b\u0159ictv\u00ed, m\u016f\u017eeme nav\u0161t\u00edvit Locus perennis u\u00a0Li\u0161ova.<\/p>\n
Mo\u017en\u00e1 je tedy nakonec nejzaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b skute\u010dnost, \u017ee Evropa nem\u00e1 jeden v\u0161eobecn\u011b uzn\u00e1van\u00fd st\u0159ed.<\/p>\n
Z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na hranic\u00edch, ostrovech, Rusku, pou\u017eit\u00e9 matematice i\u00a0na tom, co vlastn\u011b chceme m\u011b\u0159it.<\/p>\n
A \u010ce\u0161i si to pro jistotu pojistili t\u00edm, \u017ee maj\u00ed kandid\u00e1t\u016f hned n\u011bkolik.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Kdy\u017e se \u0159ekne st\u0159ed Evropy, \u010dlov\u011bk by \u010dekal jedin\u00fd bod, kter\u00fd zem\u011bm\u011b\u0159i\u010di p\u0159esn\u011b vypo\u010d\u00edtali a\u00a0ozna\u010dili kamenem. Jen\u017ee skute\u010dnost…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":173401,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[3],"tags":[43,536,109,108,106,42141,441,4974,61,45,437],"class_list":["post-173400","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-evropa","tag-ceska-republika","tag-cestovani","tag-europa","tag-europe","tag-evropa","tag-geografie","tag-historie","tag-litva","tag-rusko","tag-slovensko","tag-zajimavosti"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/117064473370619147","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/173400","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=173400"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/173400\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/173401"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=173400"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=173400"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=173400"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}