{"id":173480,"date":"2026-08-09T09:05:26","date_gmt":"2026-08-09T09:05:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/173480\/"},"modified":"2026-08-09T09:05:26","modified_gmt":"2026-08-09T09:05:26","slug":"velke-zatmeni-slunce-a-perseidy-odkud-je-uvidime-nejlip","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/173480\/","title":{"rendered":"Velk\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce a\u00a0Perseidy. Odkud je uvid\u00edme nejl\u00edp?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Naposledy se takto v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed naskytlo \u010cech\u016fm je\u0161t\u011b v\u00a0minul\u00e9m tis\u00edcilet\u00ed, v\u00a0roce 1999.\u00a0To leto\u0161n\u00ed se velmi v\u00fdrazn\u011b p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed tehdej\u0161\u00ed senzaci. M\u011bs\u00edc p\u0159ekryje Slunce na zhruba 86\u00a0%. Jako \u00fapln\u00e9 bude zatm\u011bn\u00ed k\u00a0vid\u011bn\u00ed v\u00a0jin\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech Evropy\u00a0\u2013 v\u00a0\u00fazk\u00e9m p\u00e1su v\u00a0Gr\u00f3nsku, na Islandu a\u00a0zejm\u00e9na ve \u0160pan\u011blsku.<\/p>\n

\u010c\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce bude ve st\u0159edn\u00ed Evrop\u011b trvat necelou hodinu. Na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010ceska za\u010dne \u00fakaz nejd\u0159\u00edve okolo 19:19\u00a0st\u0159edoevropsk\u00e9ho letn\u00edho \u010dasu, kdy se z\u00a0prav\u00e9ho spodn\u00edho okraje za\u010dne do slune\u010dn\u00edho disku \u201ezakusovat\u201c silueta tmav\u00e9ho M\u011bs\u00edce v\u00a0novu. \u010c\u00edm v\u00edce na v\u00fdchod se budete nach\u00e1zet, t\u00edm pozd\u011bji \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed za\u010dne a\u00a0t\u00edm m\u00e9n\u011b ze zatm\u011bn\u00ed tak\u00e9 bude vid\u011bt.<\/p>\n

Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed zast\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed Slunce M\u011bs\u00edcem nastane kolem 20:11\u00a0SEL\u010c. Ne v\u0161ude se v\u00e1m ale tuto f\u00e1zi poda\u0159\u00ed spat\u0159it. Na v\u00fdchod\u011b \u010ceska a\u00a0na v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b Slovenska toti\u017e Slunce zapadne za obzor je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed dosa\u017een\u00edm maxima zatm\u011bn\u00ed. Pokud si chcete naj\u00edt p\u0159esn\u00e1 data pro va\u0161i lokalitu, vyu\u017eijte mapu francouzsk\u00e9ho nad\u0161ence Xaviera Jubiera.<\/a> P\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b m\u016f\u017eete \u010das vhodn\u00fd k\u00a0maxim\u00e1ln\u00edmu soust\u0159ed\u011bn\u00ed na oblohu odvodit z\u00a0tabulky n\u00ed\u017ee.<\/p>\n

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Zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce bude m\u00edt je\u0161t\u011b jeden fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed dopad na b\u011b\u017en\u00fd den. V\u00a0podstat\u011b toti\u017e budeme m\u00edt dvoj\u00ed soumrak. Prvn\u00ed \u0161ero p\u0159ijde v\u00a0\u010dase maxima, pak se obloha je\u0161t\u011b trochu rozsv\u00edt\u00ed a\u00a0teprve potom za\u010dne klasick\u00fd z\u00e1pad Slunce a\u00a0soumrak. Krom\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u00e9ho setm\u011bn\u00ed krajiny \u010dekejte i\u00a0pokles teploty. Nebude v\u00e1m zima, ale zhruba 2\u00a0\u00b0C u\u017e poc\u00edt\u00edte.<\/p>\n

Foto: Petr Hor\u00e1lek; \u00faprava autorka \u010dl\u00e1nku s vyu\u017eit\u00edm AI<\/p>\n

Viditelnost zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce 12.\u00a0srpna 2026\u00a0ve m\u011bstech se\u0159azen\u00fdch od z\u00e1padu k\u00a0v\u00fdchodu<\/p>\n

Jak vlastn\u011b zatm\u011bn\u00ed vznik\u00e1?<\/p>\n

M\u011bs\u00edc je mezi Sluncem a\u00a0Zem\u00ed poka\u017ed\u00e9, kdy\u017e je pr\u00e1v\u011b v\u00a0novu. Tedy ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc. Jen m\u00e1lokdy se v\u0161ak dostane do takov\u00e9 polohy, \u017ee projde p\u0159\u00edmo p\u0159ed Sluncem. Jeho dr\u00e1ha je v\u016f\u010di rovin\u011b ob\u011bhu Zem\u011b kolem Slunce sklon\u011bn\u00e1 asi o\u00a05\u00b0. Proto p\u0159i v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b nov\u016f M\u011bs\u00edc projde nad nebo pod Sluncem a\u00a0\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed nenastane.<\/p>\n

Podle toho, kdy se M\u011bs\u00edc zrovna tref\u00ed do cesty slune\u010dn\u00edm paprsk\u016fm, se tak\u00e9 m\u011bn\u00ed, kde je zatm\u011bn\u00ed \u00fapln\u00e9 (p\u00e1s totality) a\u00a0kde jenom \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9. \u010c\u00edm d\u00e1le jste od p\u00e1su totality, t\u00edm men\u0161\u00ed procento Slunce v\u00e1m M\u011bs\u00edc zakryje. Jedn\u00e1 se nyn\u00ed o\u00a0nejv\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce pozorovateln\u00e9 ze st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy a\u017e do roku 2075.\u00a0Z\u00e1rove\u0148 je to nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u00fapln\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce k\u00a0\u010cesku a\u00a0Slovensku a\u017e do roku 2081.<\/p>\n

Foto: Miloslav Druckm\u00fcller, Petr Hor\u00e1lek \/ kniha Tajemn\u00e1 zatm\u011bn\u00ed<\/p>\n

\u00dapln\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce bude pozorovateln\u00e9 v\u00a0oblastech vyzna\u010den\u00fdch na obr\u00e1zku Zem\u011b \u010dern\u00fdm p\u00e1sem.<\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed rok m\u016f\u017eete \u00fapln\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce vid\u011bt v\u00a0Egypt\u011b, za dva roky velmi v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed v\u00a0Ji\u017en\u00ed Americe, v\u00a0roce 2028\u00a0bude fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed a\u00a0dlouh\u00e1 pod\u00edvan\u00e1 v\u00a0Austr\u00e1lii a\u00a0v\u00a0roce 2029\u00a0v\u00a0Arktid\u011b. V\u00edce zde<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Tradi\u010dn\u00ed meteorick\u00fd roj<\/p>\n

Kr\u00e1sn\u00e1 pod\u00edvan\u00e1 z\u00e1padem Slunce nekon\u010d\u00ed. Do boje o\u00a0nejlep\u0161\u00ed vesm\u00edrn\u00fd \u00fakaz se p\u0159idaj\u00ed i\u00a0Perseidy. Noc na 13.\u00a0srpna 2026\u00a0bude pln\u00e1 meteor\u016f a\u00a0komet\u00e1rn\u00edho prachu, kter\u00e9 nar\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed do atmosf\u00e9ry Zem\u011b velkou rychlost\u00ed a\u00a0sho\u0159\u00ed. Na obloze to pak vypad\u00e1 jako vesm\u00edrn\u00fd oh\u0148ostroj.<\/p>\n

Aktivita roje sice prob\u00edh\u00e1 od 17.\u00a0\u010dervence do 24.\u00a0srpna, nejv\u00edce meteor\u016f ale uvid\u00edme pr\u00e1v\u011b v\u00a0noci ze st\u0159edy 12.\u00a0na \u010dtvrtek 13.\u00a0srpna. Podle \u010cesk\u00e9 astronomick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti a\u00a0Fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edho \u00fastavu Slezsk\u00e9 univerzity v\u00a0Opav\u011b bude frekvence meteor\u016f v\u00fdznamn\u011b stoupat zejm\u00e9na od p\u016flnoci do rozb\u0159esku, kdy m\u016f\u017eeme na p\u0159\u00edrodn\u011b tmav\u00e9 obloze daleko od m\u011bst spat\u0159it re\u00e1ln\u011b 50\u00a0a\u017e 80\u00a0meteor\u016f za hodinu.<\/p>\n

Meteorick\u00fd roj bude m\u00edt ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pozorovac\u00ed podm\u00ednky, proto\u017ee M\u011bs\u00edc bude kr\u00e1tce po novu a\u00a0nebude sv\u00fdm svitem ru\u0161it no\u010dn\u00ed oblohu. P\u0159ipravte se proto na opravdu strhuj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1\u017eitek, kter\u00fdm m\u016f\u017eete str\u00e1vit cel\u00fd ve\u010der a\u017e do hlubok\u00e9 noci. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b pokud bude \u00fakazu p\u0159\u00e1t po\u010das\u00ed. Ostatn\u011b nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm rizikem, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159ekazit i\u00a0pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce, je pr\u00e1v\u011b obla\u010dnost.<\/p>\n

Foto: Tom\u00e1\u0161 Slovinsk\u00fd (vlevo) a Petr Hor\u00e1lek (vpravo)<\/p>\n

Jak se d\u00e1 vyfotit obloha pln\u00e1 Perseid\u016f. (porovn\u00e1n\u00ed sn\u00edmk\u016f od dvou autor\u016f)<\/p>\n

Kam vyrazit na pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/p>\n

Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 akce spojen\u00e9 s\u00a0pozorov\u00e1n\u00edm zatm\u011bn\u00ed a\u00a0Perseid p\u0159ipravily hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny po cel\u00e9 republice. Pozor na to, \u017ee \u010dasto nelze pozorovat Slunce nad obzorem p\u0159\u00edmo z\u00a0kupole observato\u0159e, a\u00a0proto si dop\u0159edu zjist\u011bte, kam va\u0161e m\u00edstn\u00ed hv\u011bzd\u00e1rna akce p\u0159esunula. Nap\u0159\u00edklad hv\u011bzd\u00e1rna v\u00a0Ond\u0159ejov\u011b p\u0159ipravuje pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed na tzv. Radarov\u00e9 louce, kde je v\u00fdhled k\u00a0z\u00e1padu<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Hv\u011bzd\u00e1rna Vala\u0161sk\u00e9 Mezi\u0159\u00ed\u010d\u00ed po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1 akci ve st\u0159edu 12.\u00a0srpna na Leti\u0161ti Poli\u010dn\u00e1<\/a>. Krom\u011b pov\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0ob\u010derstven\u00ed si tam m\u016f\u017eete vyzkou\u0161et i\u00a0let dronem pomoc\u00ed VR br\u00fdl\u00ed nebo konstrukci a\u00a0vyst\u0159elen\u00ed vlastn\u00ed vesm\u00edrn\u00e9 rakety. Podobn\u011b bohat\u00fd program nab\u00edz\u00ed t\u0159eba Hv\u011bzd\u00e1rna \u017debr\u00e1k<\/a>, kde v\u00e1s mimo pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed zatm\u011bn\u00ed a\u00a0Perseid \u010dek\u00e1 i\u00a0koncert, piknik a\u00a0\u017eiv\u00fd p\u0159enos.<\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1v\u011b variantu projekce \u00fapln\u00e9ho zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce ze \u0160pan\u011blska zvolilo mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch hv\u011bzd\u00e1ren a\u00a0planet\u00e1ri\u00ed, nam\u00e1tkou to v\u00a0Ostrav\u011b<\/a>. Za zaj\u00edmavou pod\u00edvanou ale m\u016f\u017eete vyrazit i\u00a0na netradi\u010dn\u00ed m\u00edsta. Nap\u0159\u00edklad Koz\u00ed hr\u00e1dek u\u00a0Sezimova \u00dast\u00ed <\/a>v\u00a0ji\u017en\u00edch \u010cech\u00e1ch krom\u011b astronomick\u00e9ho pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0odborn\u00e9ho v\u00fdkladu p\u0159ipravil i\u00a0kulturn\u00ed program pro mal\u00e9 i\u00a0velk\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Naopak na severu \u010cech mohou fajn\u0161mek\u0159i vy\u0161l\u00e1pnout na Je\u0161t\u011bd.<\/a> Tamn\u00ed hotel a\u00a0vys\u00edla\u010d ve spolupr\u00e1ci s\u00a0Libereck\u00fdm krajem a\u00a0science centrem iQLANDIA chyst\u00e1 cel\u00fd den expozice t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se Slunce a\u00a0jeho zatm\u011bn\u00ed. A\u00a0pokud budou vhodn\u00e9 pozorovac\u00ed podm\u00ednky, ve\u010der i\u00a0tam z\u00a0dalekohledu m\u016f\u017eete zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce pozorovat.<\/p>\n

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V\u00fdhodou je samoz\u0159ejm\u011b \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed dostupnost modern\u00edch technologi\u00ed a\u00a0internetu. Pokud se v\u00e1m nepoda\u0159\u00ed vychytat dobr\u00e9 m\u00edsto pro pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed, nebo prost\u011b jen chcete vid\u011bt \u00fapln\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed a\u00a0na let do \u0160pan\u011blska, na Island nebo Gr\u00f3nsko to nevid\u00edte, zvolte p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 p\u0159enosy. \u017div\u011b bude krom\u011b \u0159ady hv\u011bzd\u00e1ren streamovat t\u0159eba P\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdn\u00e9 centrum \u017datec<\/a> nebo NASA.<\/p>\n

Pokud jste hodn\u011b nedo\u010dkav\u00ed, v\u00a0Chomutov\u011b<\/a> nebo ve Slan\u00e9m se u\u017e te\u010f a\u017e do ned\u011ble 16.\u00a0srpna d\u00e1 pozorovat roj Perseid. St\u0159edo\u010de\u0161i si k\u00a0pod\u00edvan\u00e9 na zahrad\u011b hv\u011bzd\u00e1rny Slan\u00fd <\/a>mohou u\u017e\u00edt i\u00a0ochutn\u00e1vku v\u00edn.<\/p>\n

Foto: eclipsophile.com; CM SAF \/ EUMETSAT<\/p>\n

Trasa zatm\u011bn\u00ed. Barvy na map\u011b ozna\u010duj\u00ed o\u010dek\u00e1vanou obla\u010dnost oblohy\u00a0\u2013 \u010d\u00edm mod\u0159ej\u0161\u00ed, t\u00edm lep\u0161\u00ed podm\u00ednky k\u00a0pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Obecn\u011b si p\u0159i pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed meteor\u016f ale vyb\u00edrejte m\u00edsto co nejv\u00edce mimo no\u010dn\u00ed osv\u011btlen\u00ed. Sv\u011bteln\u00fd smog toti\u017e z\u00e1\u017eitek utlum\u00ed. Rozhodn\u011b nezapome\u0148te deku, spac\u00e1k nebo leh\u00e1tko a\u00a0tepl\u00e9 oble\u010den\u00ed, a\u0165 vydr\u017e\u00edte le\u017eet do noci. A\u00a0na rozd\u00edl od zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce m\u016f\u017eete Perseidy pozorovat bez ochrany o\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n

A\u0165 u\u017e budete zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce pozorovat odkudkoli, rozhodn\u011b to nem\u016f\u017eete d\u011blat pouh\u00fdm okem. Del\u0161\u00ed kouk\u00e1n\u00ed do Slunce, by\u0165 bude \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b zakryt\u00e9, dok\u00e1\u017ee po\u0161kodit \u010do\u010dky fotoapar\u00e1t\u016f i\u00a0oka. Oby\u010dejn\u00e9 slune\u010dn\u00ed br\u00fdle nesta\u010d\u00ed! <\/a>Vybavte se speci\u00e1ln\u00edmi br\u00fdlemi, kter\u00e9 jsou k\u00a0zakoupen\u00ed online nebo v\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00e9 hv\u011bzd\u00e1rn\u011b, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b velmi odoln\u00fdmi filtry odsti\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edmi paprsky, jako pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed sv\u00e1\u0159e\u010di. Mus\u00ed j\u00edt ale o\u00a0sklo ur\u010den\u00e9 pro elektrick\u00e9 obloukov\u00e9 sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0tmavost\u00ed 13\u201314.<\/p>\n

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