{"id":17616,"date":"2026-03-08T05:29:14","date_gmt":"2026-03-08T05:29:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/17616\/"},"modified":"2026-03-08T05:29:14","modified_gmt":"2026-03-08T05:29:14","slug":"komentar-utok-na-iran-navrat-k-tradicni-politice-mezistatni-mocenske-souteze","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/17616\/","title":{"rendered":"Koment\u00e1\u0159: \u00datok na \u00cdr\u00e1n? N\u00e1vrat k\u00a0tradi\u010dn\u00ed politice mezist\u00e1tn\u00ed mocensk\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee"},"content":{"rendered":"

Zn\u00e1m\u00e1 v\u011bta z\u00a0jedn\u00e9 z\u00a0nejslavn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch skladeb<\/a> skupiny The Who zn\u00ed: \u201eSeznamte se s\u00a0nov\u00fdm \u0161\u00e9fem. Je \u00fapln\u011b stejn\u00fd jako ten star\u00fd.\u201c (\u201eMeet the new boss, same as the old boss.\u201c) Skute\u010dnost, \u017ee Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty b\u011bhem dvou m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f p\u0159istoupily ke dv\u011bma pokus\u016fm o\u00a0zm\u011bnu re\u017eimu, nep\u0159edstavuje ani tak odklon od tradi\u010dn\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed politiky, jako sp\u00ed\u0161 n\u00e1vrat k\u00a0jej\u00edm klasick\u00fdm vzorc\u016fm.<\/p>\n

P\u0159ed t\u0159iadvaceti lety vedly Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty \u201ekoalici ochotn\u00fdch\u201c proti Ir\u00e1ku Sadd\u00e1ma Husajna, a\u00a0ne\u00famysln\u011b t\u00edm otev\u0159ely dve\u0159e sv\u011btu, v\u00a0n\u011bm\u017e dnes \u017eijeme. Jakkoli bylo toto obdob\u00ed destabilizuj\u00edc\u00ed a\u00a0znepokojiv\u00e9, srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0n\u00edm m\u016f\u017ee sou\u010dasnosti paradoxn\u011b p\u0159in\u00e9st jistou \u00fat\u011bchu.<\/p>\n

Jednostrann\u00e9 prosazov\u00e1n\u00ed zm\u011bny re\u017eimu ze strany Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f (\u010di jin\u00e9 velmoci) toti\u017e nen\u00ed historickou v\u00fdjimkou; sp\u00ed\u0161e \u0161lo o\u00a0praxi, kter\u00e1 pouze v\u00a0posledn\u00ed generaci ustoupila do pozad\u00ed. Dlouhotrvaj\u00edc\u00ed \u201ev\u00e1lka proti terorismu\u201c u\u010dinila d\u0159\u00edve b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 z\u00e1sahy sm\u011b\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed ke svr\u017een\u00ed vl\u00e1d irelevantn\u00edmi pro tehdej\u0161\u00ed politickou agendu.<\/p>\n

Historie p\u0159ed rokem 2001\u00a0je v\u0161ak pln\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f, kdy se Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty i\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed velmoci na svr\u017een\u00ed vl\u00e1d suver\u00e9nn\u00edch st\u00e1t\u016f pod\u00edlely. O\u00a0mor\u00e1ln\u00ed a\u00a0pr\u00e1vn\u00ed legitimit\u011b t\u011bchto krok\u016f lze v\u00e9st spor, o\u00a0jejich existenci v\u0161ak nikoli. Z\u00a0tohoto relativn\u011b uklid\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edho pohledu mohou b\u00fdt posledn\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edce sp\u00ed\u0161e koncem obdob\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9ho prim\u00e1rn\u011b na nest\u00e1tn\u00ed hrozby a\u00a0n\u00e1vratem k \u201etradi\u010dn\u00ed\u201c politice mezist\u00e1tn\u00ed mocensk\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee.<\/p>\n

A co je na tom znepokojiv\u00e9ho? Prvn\u00ed kroky sm\u011brem k\u00a0tomuto \u201en\u00e1vratu\u201c u\u010dinili akt\u00e9\u0159i, kte\u0159\u00ed dlouhodob\u011b zpochyb\u0148uj\u00ed postupn\u011b budovan\u00fd mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u0159\u00e1d zalo\u017een\u00fd na pravidlech – Rusko a\u00a0\u010c\u00edna. V\u00a0mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed politice b\u00fdv\u00e1 situace, kdy hegemon jednoho mocensk\u00e9ho uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ej\u00edm\u00e1 logiku hegemonie protis\u00edly, obvykle vykl\u00e1d\u00e1na jako oslaben\u00ed a\u00a0\u00fastup prvn\u00edho ve prosp\u011bch druh\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n

T\u00edm, \u017ee se Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty vracej\u00ed k\u00a0logice p\u0159ed rokem 2001, legitimizuj\u00ed mocenskou politiku, kterou prosazuj\u00ed Rusko a\u00a0\u010c\u00edna. Takov\u00fd krok nepodkop\u00e1v\u00e1 pouze \u0159\u00e1d posledn\u00ed generace, ale zasahuje i\u00a0jeho institucion\u00e1ln\u00ed a\u00a0normativn\u00ed d\u011bdictv\u00ed. Stru\u010dn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, znamen\u00e1 opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 stolet\u00e9ho \u00fasil\u00ed o\u00a0vytvo\u0159en\u00ed syst\u00e9mu pravidel, jen\u017e m\u00e1 regulovat a\u00a0legitimizovat chov\u00e1n\u00ed velmoc\u00ed a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch mocensk\u00fdch akt\u00e9r\u016f.<\/p>\n

P\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte si<\/a><\/p>\n

Pro\u010d je to podstatn\u00e9? Pokud by byl \u0159\u00e1d po roce 2001\u00a0skute\u010dn\u011b opu\u0161t\u011bn, sv\u011bt by se fakticky vr\u00e1til do bodu rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed bezprost\u0159edn\u011b po skon\u010den\u00ed posledn\u00edho velk\u00e9ho konfliktu mezi velmocemi – studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky. Tehdy st\u00e1la mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed komunita p\u0159ed volbou: bu\u010f pokra\u010dovat v\u00a0soupe\u0159en\u00ed velmoc\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm konfrontace, nebo p\u0159ijmout a\u00a0d\u00e1le rozv\u00edjet mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u0159\u00e1d, kter\u00fd se postupn\u011b formoval od konce druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky.<\/p>\n

Otev\u00edrat tuto ot\u00e1zku dnes by v\u0161ak znamenalo \u010delit revan\u0161istick\u00e9mu Rusku a\u00a0znovu pos\u00edlen\u00e9 \u010c\u00edn\u011b, nikoli jejich v\u00fdrazn\u011b oslaben\u00fdm verz\u00edm z\u00a090.\u00a0let. Znamenalo by to mimo jin\u00e9 znovu vystavit \u010ceskou republiku i\u00a0jej\u00ed sousedy nejistot\u011b ohledn\u011b jejich sf\u00e9ry vlivu a\u00a0bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch garanc\u00ed. V\u00fdsledek by zdaleka nebyl tak p\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00fd, jako p\u0159ed jednou generac\u00ed, a\u00a0d\u016fsledky by mohly b\u00fdt stejn\u011b z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9, ne-li z\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u010cesk\u00e1 republika se z\u00a0geografick\u00e9ho hlediska nach\u00e1z\u00ed mezi velmocemi, a\u00a0op\u011bt by se tak stala p\u0159edm\u011btem soupe\u0159en\u00ed o\u00a0vliv a\u00a0politickou loajalitu. Ve zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e by se prom\u011bnila v\u00a0prostor hybridn\u00edho v\u00e1l\u010den\u00ed. Jej\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost by p\u0159i oslaben\u00e9m NATO nebyla dlouhodob\u011b zaru\u010dena, zat\u00edmco politika rovnov\u00e1hy sil a\u00a0transak\u010dn\u00ed pojet\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch vztah\u016f by se znovu staly normou.<\/p>\n

\u010ce\u0161i by byli odk\u00e1z\u00e1ni na schopnosti Francie a\u00a0N\u011bmecka odrazovat ruskou agresi a\u00a0\u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 mocensk\u00e9 p\u016fsoben\u00ed. Pozvoln\u00e9, pl\u00ed\u017eiv\u00e9 posilov\u00e1n\u00ed vlivu prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm hybridn\u00edho p\u016fsoben\u00ed by postupn\u011b oslabovalo \u00fa\u010dinnost evropsk\u00e9ho odstra\u0161en\u00ed a\u00a0vedlo by k\u00a0vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed faktick\u00e9ho stavu, kter\u00fd by bylo nutn\u00e9 bu\u010f akceptovat, nebo mu \u010delit.<\/p>\n

\u00c9ra, do n\u00ed\u017e vstupujeme, by p\u0159edstavovala kombinaci zku\u0161enost\u00ed z\u00a0Mnichova 1938\u00a0a\u00a0Krymu 2014, aplikovatelnou v\u0161ude tam, kde se velmoci dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed do vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9ho st\u0159etu.<\/p>\n

\u010ct\u011bte tak\u00e9<\/a><\/p>\n

V\u011bta \u201eSeznamte se s\u00a0nov\u00fdm \u0161\u00e9fem. Je stejn\u00fd jako ten star\u00fd\u201c m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161et ur\u010ditou m\u00edru uklidn\u011bn\u00ed, av\u0161ak pouze v\u00a0podob\u011b \u00fat\u011bchy spo\u010d\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed ve \u201ezn\u00e1m\u00e9m zlu\u201c. Relativn\u00ed p\u0159ednost\u00ed americk\u00e9ho unipol\u00e1rn\u00edho momentu 90.\u00a0let, lze-li to tak nazvat, bylo, \u017ee sv\u011bt se, by\u0165 nedokonale, vzdaloval d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu modelu mocensk\u00e9 dominance jednoho \u201e\u0161\u00e9fa\u201c.<\/p>\n

Invaze do Ir\u00e1ku v\u00a0roce 2003\u00a0tento posun z\u00e1sadn\u011b naru\u0161ila a\u00a0otev\u0159ela dve\u0159e sv\u011btu, v\u00a0n\u011bm\u017e se nyn\u00ed nach\u00e1z\u00edme. Ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 z\u00e1sahy sm\u011b\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed k\u00a0odstran\u011bn\u00ed veden\u00ed ve Venezuele a\u00a0\u00cdr\u00e1nu n\u00e1s vracej\u00ed k\u00a0jednostrann\u00e9 velmocensk\u00e9 politice \u00e9ry studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky, tentokr\u00e1t v\u0161ak bez ideologick\u00fdch z\u00e1stupn\u00fdch argument\u016f, kter\u00e9 tehdej\u0161\u00ed konflikt poskytoval. \u201eZn\u00e1m\u00e9 zlo\u201c m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159ijateln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e nezn\u00e1m\u00e1 alternativa, st\u00e1le v\u0161ak z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 zlem.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Zn\u00e1m\u00e1 v\u011bta z\u00a0jedn\u00e9 z\u00a0nejslavn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch skladeb skupiny The Who zn\u00ed: \u201eSeznamte se s\u00a0nov\u00fdm \u0161\u00e9fem. Je \u00fapln\u011b stejn\u00fd jako ten…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":17617,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[43,17,21,7825,16,5192,18,19,22,1593,20],"class_list":{"0":"post-17616","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-zpravy","8":"tag-ceska-republika","9":"tag-headlines","10":"tag-hlavni-udalosti","11":"tag-konflikt-usa-izrael-iran","12":"tag-news","13":"tag-studena-valka","14":"tag-top-news","15":"tag-top-stories","16":"tag-udalosti-dne","17":"tag-velmoci","18":"tag-zpravy"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116191911159997439","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17616","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17616"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17616\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17617"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17616"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17616"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17616"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}