Po\u017e\u00e1r pobl\u00ed\u017e Madridu je rovn\u011b\u017e ozna\u010dov\u00e1n za nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00a0modern\u00ed historii, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e i\u00a0zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed dva ze t\u0159\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch po\u017e\u00e1r\u016f se odehr\u00e1ly<\/a> v\u00a0posledn\u00edch dvou letech. Co do sp\u00e1len\u00e9 plochy je leto\u0161n\u00ed rok pro \u0160pan\u011blsko zat\u00edm za posledn\u00edch 20\u00a0let rekordn\u00ed \u201ejen\u201c v\u00a0t\u00fddenn\u00edch \u00fahrnech (tedy pro danou \u010d\u00e1st roku) a\u00a0do p\u0159ekon\u00e1n\u00ed celkov\u011b nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed sezony mu je\u0161t\u011b chyb\u00ed pom\u011brn\u011b hodn\u011b.<\/p>\n Ve Francii muselo b\u00fdt evakuov\u00e1no p\u0159es 220\u00a0tis\u00edc a\u00a0ve \u0160pan\u011blsku p\u0159es 80\u00a0tis\u00edc lid\u00ed. \u0160pan\u011blsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da ve spole\u010dn\u00e9m prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed<\/a> s\u00a0Velkou Brit\u00e1ni\u00ed uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee leto\u0161n\u00ed po\u017e\u00e1ry uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee klimatick\u00e1 zm\u011bna \u201ep\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed stav ohro\u017een\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti\u201c a \u201eohro\u017euje zp\u016fsob na\u0161eho \u017eivota\u201c.<\/p>\n Jak moc ale klimatick\u00e1 zm\u011bna k\u00a0po\u017e\u00e1r\u016fm v\u00a0Evrop\u011b vlastn\u011b p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1? <\/p>\n Odpov\u011b\u010f m\u00e1 dv\u011b roviny. Oteplen\u00ed zaprv\u00e9 v\u00fdrazn\u011b zvy\u0161uje riziko vzniku po\u017e\u00e1r\u016f, proto\u017ee kv\u016fli n\u011bmu p\u0159ib\u00fdv\u00e1 dn\u00ed s\u00a0tzv. po\u017e\u00e1rn\u00edm po\u010das\u00edm. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b je tu ale po\u0159\u00e1d cel\u00e1 \u0159ada dal\u0161\u00edch faktor\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou na po\u017e\u00e1rn\u00edm po\u010das\u00ed nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 a\u00a0mohou v\u00fdsledn\u00fd po\u010det a\u00a0plochu po\u017e\u00e1r\u016f ovlivnit ob\u011bma sm\u011bry.<\/p>\n A\u017e dosud to p\u0159itom bylo tak, \u017ee vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed faktory, a\u00a0zejm\u00e9na ty lidsk\u00e9, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad pokrok v\u00a0ha\u0161en\u00ed nebo prevenci, \u201ep\u0159eb\u00edjely\u201c vliv rostouc\u00edho rizika vypuknut\u00ed a\u00a0\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed po\u017e\u00e1r\u016f. V\u00a0posledn\u00edch letech to ale vypad\u00e1, \u017ee riziko vzrostlo natolik, \u017ee dosavadn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed u\u017e p\u0159est\u00e1vaj\u00ed sta\u010dit.<\/p>\n Paradox sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho r\u016fstu rizika propuknut\u00ed po\u017e\u00e1r\u016f a\u00a0poklesu sp\u00e1len\u00e9 plochy v\u00a0Evrop\u011b si zaslou\u017e\u00ed detailn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vysv\u011btlen\u00ed.<\/p>\n Za\u010dneme t\u00edm, pro\u010d o\u00a0n\u011bm pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b dodnes hodn\u011b lid\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b nikdy nesly\u0161elo.<\/p>\n Jak u\u017e tomu \u010dasto b\u00fdv\u00e1, z\u00e1sadn\u00edm probl\u00e9mem je\u00a0nedostatek dat. Nejlep\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1strojem pro sledov\u00e1n\u00ed velikosti po\u017e\u00e1r\u016f je satelitn\u00ed pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1 hned n\u011bkolik v\u00fdhod. Je spolehliv\u00e9 a\u00a0lze ho prov\u00e1d\u011bt nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d ob\u0159\u00edm \u00fazem\u00edm s\u00a0pou\u017eit\u00edm stejn\u00fdch m\u011brn\u00fdch postup\u016f.<\/p>\n Pro Evropu je nejlep\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1strojem p\u0159ehled Evropsk\u00e9ho informa\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu o\u00a0lesn\u00edch po\u017e\u00e1rech (EFFIS<\/a>), kter\u00fd um\u00ed i\u00a0rozli\u0161ovat i\u00a0mezi klasick\u00fdmi lesn\u00edmi po\u017e\u00e1ry a\u00a0c\u00edlen\u00fdm vypalov\u00e1n\u00edm. Podle n\u011bj p\u0159itom lesn\u00edch po\u017e\u00e1r\u016f v\u00fdrazn\u011b p\u0159ib\u00fdv\u00e1. Rekordn\u00ed sp\u00e1len\u00e1 plocha ve st\u00e1tech EU \u010d\u00edtaj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159es milion hektar\u016f byla poko\u0159ena zrovna loni, letos u\u017e jsme na nadpr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fdch 500\u00a0tis\u00edc\u00edch a\u00a0nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u011btilet\u00fd pr\u016fm\u011br se od roku 2010\u00a0skoro zdvojn\u00e1sobil.<\/p>\n Probl\u00e9m je nicm\u00e9n\u011b v\u00a0tom, \u017ee satelitn\u00ed pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed po\u017e\u00e1r\u016f se prov\u00e1d\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 kr\u00e1tce. Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b EFFIS m\u00e1 souvislou datovou \u0159adu teprve do roku 2006, ale ani jin\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed na tom nejsou o\u00a0moc l\u00e9pe.<\/p>\n \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e9 systematick\u00e9 srovn\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdvoje sp\u00e1len\u00fdch ploch nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d EU p\u0159ed rokem 2006\u00a0p\u0159itom a\u017e dodnes nejde jednodu\u0161e dohledat. Data o\u00a0sp\u00e1len\u00fdch ploch\u00e1ch existuj\u00ed, ale jsou roztrou\u0161en\u00e1 po vl\u00e1dn\u00edch statistik\u00e1ch a\u00a0\u010dasto sb\u00edran\u00e1 jin\u00fdmi zp\u016fsoby, tak\u017ee se daj\u00ed t\u011b\u017eko porovn\u00e1vat. N\u011bjak\u00e1 ov\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 srovn\u00e1n\u00ed ale p\u0159eci jen existuj\u00ed a\u00a0z t\u011bch jasn\u011b vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee minim\u00e1ln\u011b ve velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti Evropy ho\u0159elo d\u0159\u00edv podobn\u011b, nebo i\u00a0v\u00edc ne\u017e v\u00a0posledn\u00ed dob\u011b.<\/p>\n Potvrzuj\u00ed to nap\u0159\u00edklad\u00a0z\u00e1v\u011bry \u010derstv\u00e9 studie<\/a> o\u00a0v\u00fdskytu po\u017e\u00e1rn\u00edho po\u010das\u00ed a\u00a0v\u00fdvoji sp\u00e1len\u00fdch ploch v\u00a0Portugalsku, \u0160pan\u011blsku, Francii, It\u00e1lii a\u00a0\u0158ecku. Celkov\u00e1 sp\u00e1len\u00e1 plocha byla podle pr\u00e1ce v\u00a0letech 2016\u00a0a\u017e 2025 \u201ev\u00fdznamn\u011b men\u0161\u00ed\u201c ne\u017e mezi lety 1981\u00a0a\u00a02010\u00a0a\u00a0to zejm\u00e9na kv\u016fli velk\u00fdm po\u017e\u00e1r\u016fm v\u00a0minul\u00e9m stolet\u00ed. Jedinou zem\u00ed, kde se plocha nezmen\u0161ila, bylo Portugalsko, kde u\u017e minulost p\u0159edehnaly rekordn\u00ed ohn\u011b v\u00a0roce 2017.<\/p>\n Nejde v\u0161ak o\u00a0jedin\u00fd \u201ed\u016fkaz\u201c. <\/p>\n Takto nap\u0159\u00edklad vypad\u00e1 p\u0159ehled v\u00fdvoje sp\u00e1len\u00e9 plochy v\u00a0p\u011btici po\u017e\u00e1ry nejposti\u017een\u011bj\u0161\u00edch zem\u00ed EU ze zpr\u00e1vy unijn\u00ed slu\u017eby Copernicus Emergency Management Service (CEMS):<\/p>\n Trend v\u00fdvoje od roku 1980\u00a0v\u00a0p\u011bti zem\u00edch EU s\u00a0vysok\u00fdm v\u00fdskytem po\u017e\u00e1r\u016f.<\/p>\n A do t\u0159etice m\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159idat i\u00a0p\u0159\u00edklad z\u00a0\u010ceska, kde nejv\u00edc plochy sho\u0159elo v\u00a0roce 1996, a\u00a0ne v\u00a0roce 2022, kdy zu\u0159il rekordn\u00ed po\u017e\u00e1r v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9m \u0160v\u00fdcarsku. <\/p>\n \u201eU\u017e jsme d\u011blali anal\u00fdzu v\u00a0\u0159ad\u011b evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed a\u00a0u\u017e pracujeme na cel\u00e9 EU. Vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 n\u00e1m z\u00a0n\u00ed, \u017ee ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b zem\u00ed se sp\u00e1len\u00e1 plocha na jeden hektar lesa v\u00a0z\u00e1sad\u011b nem\u011bn\u00ed, nebo dokonce ub\u00fdv\u00e1,\u201c \u0159ekl k\u00a0tomu loni Seznam Zpr\u00e1v\u00e1m bioklimatolog a\u00a0jeden z\u00a0p\u0159edn\u00edch \u010desk\u00fdch expert\u016f na sucho a\u00a0po\u017e\u00e1ry Miroslav Trnka.<\/p>\n Dek\u00e1dy klidu kon\u010d\u00ed<\/p>\n Jak u\u017e jsme nast\u00ednili v\u00fd\u0161e, v\u011bdci si paradox vysv\u011btluj\u00ed hlavn\u011b pokrokem Evropy v\u00a0boji s\u00a0ohn\u011bm. Nemus\u00ed to b\u00fdt jen rychlej\u0161\u00ed zpozorov\u00e1n\u00ed po\u017e\u00e1r\u016f a\u00a0efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ha\u0161en\u00ed, ale t\u0159eba i\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00e9 zm\u011bny v\u00a0p\u00e9\u010di o\u00a0krajinu, ke kter\u00fdm typicky doch\u00e1zelo po velk\u00fdch po\u017e\u00e1rech v\u00a080.\u00a0a\u00a090.\u00a0letech. \u010c\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b nav\u00edc m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt vliv i\u00a0to, \u017ee minul\u00e9 velk\u00e9 po\u017e\u00e1ry na n\u011bjak\u00fd \u010das jednodu\u0161e sebraly palivo pro dal\u0161\u00ed ohn\u011b.<\/p>\n Podle Trnky m\u016f\u017ee hr\u00e1t roli i\u00a0skute\u010dnost, \u017ee riziko po\u017e\u00e1r\u016f neroste line\u00e1rn\u011b se zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm teplot. P\u016fda a\u00a0biomasa jsou kv\u016fli zm\u011bn\u011b klimatu postupn\u011b ka\u017ed\u00fd rok v\u00a0pr\u016fm\u011bru o\u00a0n\u011bco su\u0161\u0161\u00ed, ale dokud vlhkost jemn\u00e9ho paliva neklesne pod 15\u00a0%, zap\u00e1len\u00ed je podle v\u011bdce po\u0159\u00e1d pom\u011brn\u011b obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9. Jakmile se v\u0161ak dostaneme pod 5\u00a0%, pravd\u011bpodobnost zap\u00e1len\u00ed i\u00a0od mal\u00e9 jiskry nebo nedopalku je n\u00e1sobn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed. Jin\u00fdmi slovy postupn\u00e9 zhor\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed podm\u00ednek nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt n\u011bjakou dobu v\u00a0praxi skoro v\u016fbec zn\u00e1t, ale v\u00a0jednu chv\u00edli p\u0159es\u00e1hne kritick\u00fd pr\u00e1h a\u00a0riziko po\u017e\u00e1r\u016f se zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed skokov\u011b.<\/p>\n A\u0165 u\u017e je ale p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina jak\u00e1koliv, sou\u010dasnost n\u00e1m ka\u017edop\u00e1dn\u011b ukazuje, \u017ee Evropa za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 boj s\u00a0rostouc\u00edm rizikem po\u017e\u00e1r\u016f v\u00edc a\u00a0v\u00edc prohr\u00e1vat, a\u00a0k tomu u\u017e n\u00e1m sta\u010d\u00ed pod\u00edvat se na 20let\u00fd v\u00fdvoj m\u011b\u0159en\u00fd satelity.<\/p>\n N\u00e1r\u016fst rizika je ostatn\u011b dramatick\u00fd.<\/p>\n \u201eByla to jen ot\u00e1zka \u010dasu, ne\u017e po\u017e\u00e1rn\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed p\u0159ebije kapacitu protipo\u017e\u00e1rn\u00edch opat\u0159en\u00ed,\u201c \u0159ekl<\/a> k\u00a0tomu pro \u010dasopis Nature \u0159eck\u00fd meteorolog specializuj\u00edc\u00ed se na po\u017e\u00e1ry Theodore Giannaros. <\/p>\n Podle zmi\u0148ovan\u00e9 leto\u0161n\u00ed studie v\u00a0\u010d\u00e1stech Francie a\u00a0\u0160pan\u011blska vzrostl pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd letn\u00ed index po\u017e\u00e1rn\u00edho po\u010das\u00ed (FWI) mezi obdob\u00edm 1981\u20132010\u00a0a\u00a02016\u20132025\u00a0o\u00a050\u00a0%. N\u00e1r\u016fst je p\u0159itom pozorov\u00e1n v\u00a0\u0159ad\u011b dal\u0161\u00edch zem\u00edch v\u010detn\u011b \u010ceska<\/a> a\u00a0v posledn\u00edch obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 tepl\u00fdch a\u00a0such\u00fdch letech je \u010dasto je\u0161t\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 50\u00a0%.<\/p>\n T\u0159eba loni na Ibersk\u00e9m poloostrov\u011b bylo<\/a> dn\u00ed s\u00a0extr\u00e9mn\u00edm po\u017e\u00e1rn\u00edm rizikem dokonce \u010dty\u0159ikr\u00e1t v\u00edc ne\u017e je pr\u016fm\u011br za obdob\u00ed 1990-2020.\u00a0Z\u00e1rove\u0148 se tak\u00e9 zv\u011bt\u0161uje \u00fazem\u00ed, kde je po\u017e\u00e1rn\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed \u010dast\u00e9, co\u017e se t\u00fdk\u00e1 i\u00a0st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy v\u010detn\u011b \u010ceska (o tom jsme podrobn\u011b psali<\/a> loni).<\/p>\n P\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed nebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ohn\u011b<\/p>\n Ze stavu v\u011bc\u00ed vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee jestli evropsk\u00e9 zem\u011b necht\u011bj\u00ed, aby se po\u017e\u00e1ry vymkly kontrole, mus\u00ed znovu p\u0159idat v\u00a0protiopat\u0159en\u00edch. Zb\u00fdv\u00e1 ale dodat je\u0161t\u011b jednu d\u016fle\u017eitou v\u011bc\u00a0\u2013 a\u00a0to, \u017ee nejde jen o\u00a0celkovou sp\u00e1lenou plochu.<\/p>\n Pomoct si tady m\u016f\u017eeme jednoduch\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem, kter\u00fd jsme u\u017e nakousli. U\u017e v\u00edme, \u017ee nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed plocha v\u00a0\u010cesku sho\u0159ela v\u00a0roce 1996, ale zb\u00fdv\u00e1 dodat, \u017ee ani tehdy nedo\u0161lo k\u00a0jedin\u00e9mu po\u017e\u00e1ru, kter\u00fd by se rozm\u011bry, nebezpe\u010dnost\u00ed pro lidi a\u00a0n\u00e1ro\u010dnost\u00ed na zastaven\u00ed alespo\u0148 p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eil katastrof\u011b v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9m \u0160v\u00fdcarsku v\u00a0roce 2022.\u00a0To sam\u00e9 plat\u00ed i\u00a0o leto\u0161n\u00edm po\u017e\u00e1ru ve \u0160pan\u011blsku a\u00a0podobn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f je mnohem v\u00edc, proto\u017ee jde o\u00a0\u0161ir\u0161\u00ed trend, co\u017e op\u011bt potvrzuj\u00ed i\u00a0v\u011bdeck\u00e9 studie<\/a>.<\/p>\n V\u011bdci proto varuj\u00ed, \u017ee aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed megapo\u017e\u00e1ry m\u016f\u017eou signalizovat konec \u00e9ry relativn\u00edho klidu v\u00a0Evrop\u011b a\u00a0p\u0159echod k\u00a0mnohem nebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm oh\u0148ov\u00fdm sezon\u00e1m, proti nim\u017e bude pot\u0159eba bojovat s\u00a0v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm \u00fasil\u00edm ne\u017e dosud.<\/p>\n \u201e\u0158\u00edkali jsme cel\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, \u017ee po\u017e\u00e1ry budou v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed, katastrofi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a\u00a0nebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Te\u010f u\u017e se to d\u011bje,\u201c \u0159ekla k\u00a0tomu pro Nature Cristina Sant\u00edn, expertka na lesn\u00ed po\u017e\u00e1ry z\u00a0Oviedsk\u00e9 univerzity ve \u0160pan\u011blsku.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Francie a\u00a0\u0160pan\u011blsko letos za\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed minim\u00e1ln\u011b v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch ohledech rekordn\u00ed po\u017e\u00e1rovou sezonu. Po\u017e\u00e1r pobl\u00ed\u017e Bordeaux je nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm od roku 1949\u00a0a\u00a0celkov\u00e1…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":177648,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[3],"tags":[109,108,106,35509,378,17865,2994,24034,950,7031],"class_list":["post-177647","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-evropa","tag-europa","tag-europe","tag-evropa","tag-extremni-vedro","tag-francie","tag-lesni-pozar","tag-planeta-a-klima","tag-pozar-v-ceskem-svycarsku","tag-spanelsko","tag-sucho"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/117086430691538610","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/177647","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=177647"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/177647\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/177648"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=177647"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=177647"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=177647"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![](\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pozar-francie-bordeaux.jpeg\")
<\/a>D\u0159\u00edv ho\u0159elo podobn\u011b, nebo i\u00a0v\u00edc ne\u017e dnes<\/p>\n![](\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pozary.jpeg\")
Foto: Seznam Zpr\u00e1vy<\/p>\n![](\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/1786597032_834_landes-pozar-francie.jpeg\")
<\/a><\/p>\n