{"id":178198,"date":"2026-08-13T13:09:13","date_gmt":"2026-08-13T13:09:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/178198\/"},"modified":"2026-08-13T13:09:13","modified_gmt":"2026-08-13T13:09:13","slug":"cla-zaplatili-zakaznici-miliardy-se-vraceji-firmam-americke-korporace-hlasi-obri-zisky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/178198\/","title":{"rendered":"Cla zaplatili z\u00e1kazn\u00edci, miliardy se vracej\u00ed firm\u00e1m. Americk\u00e9 korporace hl\u00e1s\u00ed ob\u0159\u00ed zisky"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u201eNavzdory varov\u00e1n\u00edm, \u017ee proces vracen\u00ed pen\u011bz m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pomal\u00fd a\u00a0komplikovan\u00fd, se zd\u00e1, \u017ee \u0159ada spole\u010dnost\u00ed z\u00edskala pen\u00edze zp\u011bt pozoruhodn\u011b rychle,\u201c upozornil ve st\u0159edu ve\u010der americk\u00fd list The Wall Street Journal<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Pouk\u00e1zal na to, \u017ee v\u00edce ne\u017e 40\u00a0firem z\u00a0burzovn\u00edho indexu S&P 500\u00a0vyk\u00e1zalo v\u00a0posledn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch n\u00e1roky na vr\u00e1cen\u00ed cel v\u00a0celkov\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161i 9,6\u00a0miliardy dolar\u016f (zhruba 200\u00a0miliard korun). \u201eNejm\u00e9n\u011b 2,1\u00a0miliardy dolar\u016f (44\u00a0miliard K\u010d) u\u017e p\u0159itom spole\u010dnosti skute\u010dn\u011b obdr\u017eely v\u00a0hotovosti,\u201c doplnil den\u00edk.<\/p>\n

Mezi nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjemce pat\u0159\u00ed technologick\u00fd gigant Apple s\u00a0t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 2,2\u00a0miliardy dolar\u016f, co\u017e je v\u00edce ne\u017e 46\u00a0miliard korun, d\u00e1le v\u00fdrobce sportovn\u00edho oble\u010den\u00ed a\u00a0obuvi Nike s\u00a0986\u00a0miliony, p\u0159epravn\u00ed a\u00a0logistick\u00e1 spole\u010dnost FedEx s\u00a0p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 800\u00a0miliony, internetov\u00fd maloobchodn\u00ed kolos Amazon se 640\u00a0miliony a\u00a0automobilka General Motors s\u00a0p\u016fl miliardou dolar\u016f. <\/p>\n

<\/a>Ne\u010dekan\u00fd bonus<\/p>\n

Vr\u00e1cen\u00e1 cla n\u011bkter\u00fdm firm\u00e1m\u00a0v\u00fdrazn\u011b vylep\u0161uj\u00ed hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky. Apple uvedl, \u017ee mu vratky v\u00a0posledn\u00edm \u010dtvrtlet\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161ily zisk na akcii o\u00a011\u00a0cent\u016f na celkov\u00fdch 2,02\u00a0dolaru (42\u00a0K\u010d), tedy o\u00a0v\u00edce ne\u017e p\u011bt procent. V\u00a0p\u0159epo\u010dtu na cel\u00fd zisk to p\u0159edstavuje zhruba 1,6\u00a0miliardy dolar\u016f (t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 34\u00a0miliard K\u010d). <\/p>\n

U\u00a0v\u00fdrobce zdravotnick\u00fdch diagnostick\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f GE HealthCare \u010dinil \u010dist\u00fd p\u0159\u00ednos vratek 81\u00a0milion\u016f dolar\u016f (1,7\u00a0miliardy K\u010d), co\u017e odpov\u00eddalo zhruba 14\u00a0procent\u016fm jeho \u010dtvrtletn\u00edho \u010dist\u00e9ho zisku.<\/p>\n

Pen\u00edze nav\u00edc za\u010daly firm\u00e1m chodit rychleji, ne\u017e se p\u016fvodn\u011b o\u010dek\u00e1valo. Americk\u00e1 celn\u00ed spr\u00e1va m\u011bla ke konci \u010dervence p\u0159es 252\u00a0tis\u00edc \u017e\u00e1dost\u00ed o\u00a0vr\u00e1cen\u00ed cel a\u00a0p\u0159ijala k\u00a0vy\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed n\u00e1roky v\u00a0objemu 128,7\u00a0miliardy dolar\u016f (2,7\u00a0bilionu K\u010d).<\/p>\n

Celkem u\u017e americk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da vy\u010dlenila na vratky zhruba 100\u00a0miliard dolar\u016f (2,1\u00a0bilionu K\u010d) z\u00a0odhadovan\u00fdch 166\u00a0miliard dolar\u016f, kter\u00e9 byly vybr\u00e1ny na clech n\u00e1sledn\u011b zpochybn\u011bn\u00fdch rozhodnut\u00edm Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho soudu. To p\u0159edstavuje zna\u010dnou z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e pro feder\u00e1ln\u00ed rozpo\u010det.<\/p>\n

Cla zaplatili z\u00e1kazn\u00edci<\/p>\n

Vedle toho se rozho\u0159el spor o\u00a0to, komu pen\u00edze pat\u0159\u00ed. N\u011bkter\u00e9 firmy u\u017e toti\u017e \u010del\u00ed hromadn\u00fdm \u017ealob\u00e1m spot\u0159ebitel\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed po\u017eaduj\u00ed vr\u00e1cen\u00ed pen\u011bz za \u010d\u00e1st cel prom\u00edtnut\u00fdch do cen. Podle agentury AP bylo po cel\u00e9 zemi pod\u00e1no v\u00edce ne\u017e 80\u00a0takov\u00fdch \u017ealob, mimo jin\u00e9 proti spole\u010dnostem Amazon, Walmart, Nike \u010di Costco.<\/p>\n

Posledn\u011b jmenovan\u00fd americk\u00fd maloobchodn\u00ed \u0159et\u011bzec funguje na \u010dlensk\u00e9m principu. Z\u00e1kazn\u00edk si plat\u00ed \u010dlenstv\u00ed a\u00a0n\u00e1sledn\u011b nakupuje v\u00a0obrovsk\u00fdch skladech zbo\u017e\u00ed za relativn\u011b n\u00edzk\u00e9 ceny. \u0158et\u011bzec prod\u00e1v\u00e1 \u0161irok\u00fd sortiment, zejm\u00e9na potraviny, ale i\u00a0elektroniku, oble\u010den\u00ed, n\u00e1bytek, dom\u00e1c\u00ed pot\u0159eby, pneumatiky \u010di dokonce \u0161perky.<\/p>\n

Spot\u0159ebitel\u00e9 z\u00a0\u0159ad \u010dlen\u016f Costco v\u00a0Illinois vin\u00ed spole\u010dnost z\u00a0toho, \u017ee zv\u00fd\u0161ila ceny v\u00fdrobk\u016f, aby kompenzovala n\u00e1klady na cla, ale z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm nehodl\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 pen\u00edze vracet. \u201eSkute\u010dn\u011b po\u0161kozen\u00e9 strany nemaj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmou mo\u017enost domoci se n\u00e1pravy,\u201c citoval WSJ z\u00a0\u017ealoby, kter\u00e1 po\u017eaduje nejen vr\u00e1cen\u00ed pen\u011bz za zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed cen souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s\u00a0cly, ale i\u00a0\u00faroky.<\/p>\n

\u017daloba nav\u00edc po\u017eaduje, aby byla uzn\u00e1na jako hromadn\u00e1 \u017ealoba zastupuj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edky Costco po cel\u00fdch Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech.<\/p>\n

AP ve \u010dtvrtek upozornila, \u017ee spot\u0159ebitel\u00e9 v\u00a0USA podali u\u017e p\u0159es 80\u00a0hromadn\u00fdch \u017ealob. Probl\u00e9mem ale podle n\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 dokazov\u00e1n\u00ed. \u017daluj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edci toti\u017e mus\u00ed prok\u00e1zat, \u017ee konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed zdra\u017een\u00ed skute\u010dn\u011b souviselo pr\u00e1v\u011b s\u00a0cly, a\u00a0nikoli s\u00a0jin\u00fdmi n\u00e1klady firmy. <\/p>\n

N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed pen\u00edze vr\u00e1t\u00ed, jin\u00ed slibuj\u00ed ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ceny<\/p>\n

Ne v\u0161echny spole\u010dnosti si v\u0161ak cht\u011bj\u00ed podle WSJ pen\u00edze ponechat. FedEx uvedl, \u017ee za\u010dne zhruba 800\u00a0milion\u016f dolar\u016f (16,8\u00a0miliardy K\u010d) z\u00edskan\u00fdch na vratk\u00e1ch rozd\u011blovat mezi z\u00e1kazn\u00edky. Podobn\u00fd postup u\u017e d\u0159\u00edve ozn\u00e1mila tak\u00e9 konkuren\u010dn\u00ed UPS.<\/p>\n

Costco naproti tomu uvedlo, \u017ee vr\u00e1cen\u00e9 pen\u00edze z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm poskytne \u201en\u011bjakou formou\u201c, a\u00a0to v\u00a0rozsahu odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edm n\u00e1klad\u016fm na cla, kter\u00e9 na n\u011b d\u0159\u00edve p\u0159eneslo. V\u00fdrobce \u010derpadel a\u00a0ventil\u016f IDEX chce z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm vr\u00e1tit 14,7\u00a0milionu dolar\u016f, zhruba dv\u011b t\u0159etiny z\u00a0v\u00edce ne\u017e 20\u00a0milion\u016f dolar\u016f z\u00edskan\u00fdch na clech zp\u011bt.<\/p>\n

Amazon uvedl, \u017ee dok\u00e1\u017ee jen v\u00a0omezen\u00e9m po\u010dtu p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f propojit konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed cla s\u00a0n\u00e1klady, kter\u00e9 p\u0159enesl na z\u00e1kazn\u00edky. V\u00a0t\u011bchto p\u0159\u00edpadech jim chce pen\u00edze automaticky vr\u00e1tit. Ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f ale firma n\u00e1klady cel absorbovala a\u00a0vratky chce vyu\u017e\u00edt k\u00a0podpo\u0159e n\u00edzk\u00fdch cen, doplnil WSJ.<\/p>\n

Podle AP je u\u00a0velk\u00fdch obchodn\u00edk\u016f obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 ur\u010dit, kolik z\u00a0ceny konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho zbo\u017e\u00ed p\u0159ipadlo pr\u00e1v\u011b na cla. Firmy proto m\u00edsto p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdch vratek z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm mluv\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161e o\u00a0sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed budouc\u00edch cen, dodala agentura.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u201eNavzdory varov\u00e1n\u00edm, \u017ee proces vracen\u00ed pen\u011bz m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pomal\u00fd a\u00a0komplikovan\u00fd, se zd\u00e1, \u017ee \u0159ada spole\u010dnost\u00ed z\u00edskala pen\u00edze zp\u011bt…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":178199,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[11],"tags":[891,127,1594,212,24866,4602,54,113,53,52],"class_list":["post-178198","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-svet","tag-amazon","tag-apple","tag-celni-poplatky-clo","tag-donald-trump","tag-hromadna-zaloba","tag-spotrebitele","tag-svet","tag-usa","tag-world","tag-world-news"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/117088365349776174","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/178198","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=178198"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/178198\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/178199"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=178198"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=178198"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=178198"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}