{"id":178213,"date":"2026-08-13T13:27:10","date_gmt":"2026-08-13T13:27:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/178213\/"},"modified":"2026-08-13T13:27:10","modified_gmt":"2026-08-13T13:27:10","slug":"ferdinand-se-zdal-byt-neznicitelny-pak-soveti-zjistili-ze-nema-kulomet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/178213\/","title":{"rendered":"Ferdinand se zd\u00e1l b\u00fdt nezni\u010diteln\u00fd. Pak Sov\u011bti zjistili, \u017ee nem\u00e1 kulomet"},"content":{"rendered":"

P\u0159ed n\u011bmeck\u00fdm obrn\u011bncem se zvedal prach. Sov\u011btsk\u00e9 protitankov\u00e9 zbran\u011b p\u00e1lily jedna za druhou. St\u0159ely nar\u00e1\u017eely do mohutn\u00e9 \u010deln\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti n\u00e1stavby, ale panc\u00ed\u0159 odol\u00e1val. N\u011bmeck\u00fd stroj pokra\u010doval vp\u0159ed. Pak zah\u0159m\u011bl jeho kan\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

Z dlouh\u00e9 hlavn\u011b vylet\u011bla 88mm st\u0159ela a\u00a0sov\u011btsk\u00fd tank byl zasa\u017een na vzd\u00e1lenost, na kterou byl jeho n\u011bmeck\u00fd protivn\u00edk st\u00e1le mimo dosah \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 odpov\u011bdi. Pro pos\u00e1dku uvnit\u0159 obrovsk\u00e9ho stroje musela b\u00fdt dan\u00e1 situace vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed. Oni mohli st\u0159\u00edlet. Protivn\u00edk m\u011bl probl\u00e9m v\u016fbec proniknout jejich mohutn\u00fdm panc\u00ed\u0159em.<\/p>\n

Jen\u017ee na boji\u0161ti se brzy uk\u00e1zalo n\u011bco, co tabulky panc\u00e9\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed ani dost\u0159elu nedok\u00e1zaly zachytit. N\u011bmeck\u00fd obr mohl b\u00fdt znehybn\u011bn. A\u00a0kdy\u017e z\u016fstal st\u00e1t, za\u010dal b\u00fdt probl\u00e9m \u00fapln\u011b n\u011bkde jinde.<\/p>\n

Obr, kter\u00fd nem\u011bl b\u00fdt tankem<\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh Ferdinanda za\u010dal sout\u011b\u017e\u00ed o\u00a0nov\u00fd n\u011bmeck\u00fd t\u011b\u017ek\u00fd tank, do n\u00ed\u017e se zapojila tak\u00e9 konstruk\u010dn\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159 Ferdinanda Porscheho.<\/p>\n

Porscheho n\u00e1vrh byl technicky mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b neobvykl\u00fd. Dva benzinov\u00e9 motory nepoh\u00e1n\u011bly p\u00e1sy p\u0159\u00edmo. Slou\u017eily jako zdroj energie pro gener\u00e1tory, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1sledn\u011b nap\u00e1jely elektromotory poh\u00e1n\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed hnac\u00ed kola.<\/p>\n

Na svou dobu \u0161lo o\u00a0zaj\u00edmavou my\u0161lenku. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u0161ak byla cel\u00e1 soustava zbyte\u010dn\u011b slo\u017eit\u00e1 a\u00a0n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1. N\u011bmeck\u00e1 arm\u00e1da nakonec dala p\u0159ednost konkuren\u010dn\u00edmu n\u00e1vrhu firmy Henschel, z\u00a0n\u011bho\u017e vznikl Tiger I.<\/p>\n

Porscheho projekt t\u00edm ale nezmizel. Existuj\u00edc\u00ed podvozky bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edt. N\u011bmci na n\u011b proto nechali instalovat mohutnou panc\u00e9\u0159ovou n\u00e1stavbu a\u00a0do n\u00ed um\u00edstili dlouh\u00fd kan\u00f3n 8,8\u00a0cm Pak 43\/2\u00a0L\/71.<\/p>\n

Z nepoveden\u00e9ho projektu t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9ho tanku se tak zrodil t\u011b\u017ek\u00fd st\u00edha\u010d tank\u016f. Dostal jm\u00e9no Ferdinand. Vzniklo jich pouh\u00fdch 91.\u00a0To je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd detail. Ne\u0161lo o\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed n\u011bmeck\u00fd tank, kter\u00fdch by na v\u00fdchodn\u00ed front\u011b jezdily stovky. Ferdinand byl vz\u00e1cn\u00e1, specializovan\u00e1 zbra\u0148, vytvo\u0159en\u00e1 pro jedin\u00fd \u00fa\u010del: ni\u010dit nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9 obrn\u011bnce na co nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenost.<\/p>\n

A pr\u00e1v\u011b v\u00a0t\u00e9to roli dok\u00e1zal b\u00fdt d\u011bsiv\u011b \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Foto: Darkone \/ Wikimedia Commons. Licence: (CC BY-SA 2.5) https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/2.5\/<\/p>\n

N\u011bmeck\u00fd protitankov\u00fd kanon 8,8\u00a0cm PaK 43\/41\u00a0L\/71. <\/p>\n

65\u00a0tun panc\u00ed\u0159e a\u00a0osmaosmdes\u00e1tka<\/p>\n

Ferdinand v\u00e1\u017eil p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 65\u00a0tun. Jeho \u010deln\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st n\u00e1stavby chr\u00e1nilo a\u017e 200\u00a0milimetr\u016f panc\u00ed\u0159e. Nejv\u00edce chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e1 byla mohutn\u00e1 \u010deln\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st n\u00e1stavby, kter\u00e1 z\u00a0Ferdinandu d\u011blala opravdu obt\u00ed\u017en\u00fd c\u00edl.<\/p>\n

Je\u0161t\u011b nebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e jeho panc\u00ed\u0159 v\u0161ak byla zbra\u0148. Kan\u00f3n Pak 43\/2\u00a0m\u011bl dlouhou hlave\u0148 L\/71\u00a0a\u00a0vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed pr\u016fbojn\u00e9 schopnosti. Ferdinand byl navr\u017een tak, aby vyu\u017eil kombinaci panc\u00ed\u0159e a\u00a0dost\u0159elu. Jeho ide\u00e1ln\u00ed boj nevypadal jako tankov\u00fd souboj na kr\u00e1tkou vzd\u00e1lenost. Ferdinand m\u011bl naj\u00edt vhodn\u00e9 postaven\u00ed, ukr\u00fdt se, sledovat boji\u0161t\u011b a\u00a0\u010dekat.<\/p>\n

Pak se objevil sov\u011btsk\u00fd tank. Osmaosmaosmdes\u00e1tka zah\u0159m\u011bla. A\u00a0je\u0161t\u011b ne\u017e se protivn\u00edk dostal do vzd\u00e1lenosti, ze kter\u00e9 mohl p\u0159edstavovat v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 nebezpe\u010d\u00ed, n\u011bmeck\u00fd st\u00edha\u010d tank\u016f u\u017e mohl vyp\u00e1lit znovu.<\/p>\n

Na otev\u0159en\u00e9m boji\u0161ti byl takov\u00fd protivn\u00edk vskutku nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd. Jen\u017ee Kursk nebyl st\u0159elnice.<\/p>\n

Bylo to obrovsk\u00e9 boji\u0161t\u011b pln\u00e9 min, z\u00e1kop\u016f, p\u011bchoty, d\u011blost\u0159electva, protitankov\u00fdch zbran\u00ed a\u00a0rozbit\u00e9ho ter\u00e9nu. A\u00a0pr\u00e1v\u011b tam za\u010daly b\u00fdt Ferdinandovy p\u0159ednosti z\u00e1rove\u0148 jeho slabinami.<\/p>\n

Jak zni\u010dit obrn\u011bnec, kter\u00fd nejde \u010deln\u011b prob\u00edt?<\/p>\n

Ferdinand nem\u011bl oto\u010dnou v\u011b\u017e. Jeho kan\u00f3n byl ulo\u017een v\u00a0pevn\u00e9 panc\u00e9\u0159ov\u00e9 n\u00e1stavb\u011b a\u00a0m\u011bl omezen\u00fd bo\u010dn\u00ed odm\u011br. Pokud se c\u00edl dostal v\u00fdrazn\u011b mimo osu vozidla, Ferdinand se musel nat\u00e1\u010det cel\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Pro st\u00edha\u010d tank\u016f bojuj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00a0p\u0159ipraven\u00e9ho postaven\u00ed to nebyla p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eka. V\u00a0okam\u017eiku, kdy se kolem n\u011bj za\u010dal pohybovat nep\u0159\u00edtel, se situace m\u011bnila.<\/p>\n

A Sov\u011bti nemuseli p\u0159ij\u00edt s\u00a0d\u011blem, kter\u00e9 by dok\u00e1zalo prorazit jeho nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed panc\u00ed\u0159. Mohli p\u0159ij\u00edt s\u00a0minou. Mohli za\u00fato\u010dit na pojezdov\u00e9 \u00fastroj\u00ed. Mohli ho obej\u00edt. Mohli vyu\u017e\u00edt ter\u00e9n. A\u00a0mohli ho odd\u011blit od vlastn\u00ed p\u011bchoty.<\/p>\n

To byla jedna z\u00a0nejnebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch kombinac\u00ed, jak\u00e9 mohly Ferdinanda potkat.<\/p>\n

P\u0159edstavme si 65tunov\u00fd stroj, kter\u00fd pr\u00e1v\u011b najel na minu. V\u00fdbuch po\u0161kod\u00ed p\u00e1s nebo pojezdov\u00e9 \u00fastroj\u00ed. Pos\u00e1dka uvnit\u0159 st\u00e1le sed\u00ed za mohutn\u00fdm panc\u00ed\u0159em. Kan\u00f3n je nepo\u0161kozen\u00fd. Munice je st\u00e1le k\u00a0dispozici. Ferdinand m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1le ni\u010dit nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9 tanky.<\/p>\n

Jen\u017ee nem\u016f\u017ee odjet. Obr, kter\u00fd byl navr\u017een tak, aby dr\u017eel nep\u0159\u00edtele v\u00a0bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti, se najednou st\u00e1v\u00e1 nepohybliv\u00fdm. A\u00a065\u00a0tun se ned\u00e1 jen tak odtla\u010dit stranou.<\/p>\n

P\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed probl\u00e9m s\u00a0kulometem<\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1v\u011b v\u00a0takov\u00e9 situaci se naplno projevila jedna z\u00a0nejpodivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch vlastnost\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u00edho Ferdinandu. Nem\u011bl vestav\u011bn\u00fd kulomet.<\/p>\n

To neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee jeho pos\u00e1dka nem\u011bla \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 osobn\u00ed zbran\u011b nebo \u017ee by p\u011b\u0161\u00e1k mohl jednodu\u0161e p\u0159ij\u00edt k\u00a0\u010deln\u00edmu panc\u00ed\u0159i a\u00a0prost\u0159elit ho pu\u0161kou. Takov\u00fd obraz by byl nesmysln\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Probl\u00e9m byl jin\u00fd. Ferdinand nem\u011bl kulomet, kter\u00fdm by pos\u00e1dka mohla rychle a\u00a0nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u011b pokr\u00fdvat bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed okol\u00ed vozidla.<\/p>\n

A jeho hlavn\u00ed kan\u00f3n byl pro tento \u00fakol krajn\u011b nevhodn\u00fd. Byl obrovsk\u00fd a\u00a0ur\u010den\u00fd p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm k\u00a0ni\u010den\u00ed obrn\u011bn\u00fdch c\u00edl\u016f na d\u00e1lku. Nav\u00edc byl ulo\u017een v\u00a0pevn\u00e9 n\u00e1stavb\u011b s\u00a0omezen\u00fdm odm\u011brem.<\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e proti Ferdinandu st\u00e1l sov\u011btsk\u00fd tank n\u011bkolik set metr\u016f daleko, absence kulometu nemusela p\u0159edstavovat \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd probl\u00e9m. Kdy\u017e v\u0161ak 65tunov\u00fd stroj st\u00e1l po\u0161kozen\u00fd v\u00a0minov\u00e9m poli a\u00a0kolem n\u011bj se za\u010d\u00ednala pohybovat nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e1 p\u011bchota, byla situace \u00fapln\u011b jin\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Najednou nebylo nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, kolik milimetr\u016f panc\u00ed\u0159e m\u00e1 n\u00e1stavba. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 bylo, co se d\u011bje n\u011bkolik metr\u016f od n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Foto: \u0421\u0430\u0439\u0433\u043020\u041a \/ Wikimedia Commons. Licence: (CC BY-SA 3.0) https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/<\/p>\n

St\u00edha\u010d tank\u016f Ferdinand (Sd.Kfz. 184) vystaven\u00fd v\u00a0Kubince.<\/p>\n

Kursk nebyl souboj tank\u016f<\/p>\n

To je d\u016fvod, pro\u010d je p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh Ferdinandu zaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e jednoduch\u00e1 historka o \u201ezapomenut\u00e9m kulometu\u201c.<\/p>\n

Sov\u011btsk\u00e1 obrana u\u00a0Kurska nebyla tvo\u0159ena jen tanky \u010dekaj\u00edc\u00edmi na n\u011bmeck\u00e9 obrn\u011bnce. P\u0159ed n\u011bmeck\u00fdm postupem se nach\u00e1zela rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 minov\u00e1 pole a\u00a0protitankov\u00e9 p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky. Za nimi byly dal\u0161\u00ed obrann\u00e9 pozice. N\u011bmeck\u00e9 jednotky musely postupovat prost\u0159ed\u00edm, kter\u00e9 bylo p\u0159ipraven\u00e9 jejich pohyb zpomalovat a\u00a0ni\u010dit.<\/p>\n

Ferdinand byl v\u00a0takov\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed z\u00e1rove\u0148 stra\u0161livou zbran\u00ed i\u00a0velmi n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdm strojem. Jeho panc\u00ed\u0159 byl v\u00fdhodou. Jeho kan\u00f3n byl v\u00fdhodou. Jeho hmotnost byla probl\u00e9m. Jeho omezen\u00e1 pohyblivost byla probl\u00e9m.<\/p>\n

A jakmile byl izolov\u00e1n nebo znehybn\u011bn, jeho konstrukce se dost\u00e1vala do situace, pro kterou nebyla ide\u00e1ln\u011b p\u0159ipravena. Sov\u011bti tak nemuseli v\u017edy hledat zp\u016fsob, jak prorazit jeho nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed panc\u00ed\u0159.<\/p>\n

Sta\u010dilo n\u011bkdy dos\u00e1hnout toho, aby se p\u0159estal pohybovat. <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

N\u011bmci pochopili, co je pot\u0159eba zm\u011bnit<\/p>\n

Kursk uk\u00e1zal n\u011bmeck\u00fdm konstrukt\u00e9r\u016fm probl\u00e9my ve skute\u010dn\u00e9m boji. P\u0159e\u017eiv\u0161\u00ed Ferdinandy byly po nasazen\u00ed sta\u017eeny k\u00a0oprav\u00e1m a\u00a0modernizaci. N\u011bkter\u00e9 zm\u011bny byly ur\u010deny ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed p\u0159ehledu pos\u00e1dky. P\u0159ibyla velitelsk\u00e1 v\u011b\u017ei\u010dka. Na vozidla byl aplikov\u00e1n Zimmerit, kter\u00fd m\u011bl zabr\u00e1nit p\u0159ichycen\u00ed magnetick\u00fdch min. Konstrukce pro\u0161la dal\u0161\u00edmi \u00fapravami.<\/p>\n

A potom p\u0159i\u0161la zm\u011bna, kter\u00e1 byla vzhledem k\u00a0p\u016fvodn\u00ed koncepci a\u017e p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b jednoduch\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Do p\u0159edn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti byl instalov\u00e1n MG 34.\u00a0Najednou m\u011bla pos\u00e1dka mnohem \u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed prost\u0159edek, kter\u00fdm mohla reagovat na p\u011bchotu v\u00a0bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed bl\u00edzkosti.<\/p>\n

N\u011bmci t\u00edm z\u00a0Ferdinandu neud\u011blali univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed tank. Jen napravili jednu z\u00a0nejviditeln\u011bj\u0161\u00edch mezer v\u00a0jeho p\u016fvodn\u00ed v\u00fdzbroji. A\u00a0pr\u00e1v\u011b proto je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pochopit, pro\u010d tam kulomet p\u016fvodn\u011b nebyl.<\/p>\n

Nebyla to oby\u010dejn\u00e1 zapomn\u011btlivost. Ferdinand vznikl jako specializovan\u00fd t\u011b\u017ek\u00fd st\u00edha\u010d tank\u016f. Konstrukce byla v\u00fdsledkem rychl\u00e9 p\u0159estavby ji\u017e existuj\u00edc\u00edch podvozk\u016f a\u00a0prioritou se staly panc\u00ed\u0159, v\u00fdzbroj a\u00a0schopnost ni\u010dit nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9 obrn\u011bnce.<\/p>\n

Jin\u00fdmi slovy, n\u011bkdo rozhodl, \u017ee kulomet nen\u00ed pro hlavn\u00ed \u00fakol vozidla d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd. V\u00a0podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch, pro kter\u00e9 byl Ferdinand p\u016fvodn\u011b p\u0159edstavov\u00e1n, to d\u00e1valo ur\u010dit\u00fd smysl.<\/p>\n

V realit\u011b v\u00fdchodn\u00ed fronty se uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee v\u00e1lka m\u00e1 jin\u00e9 po\u017eadavky.<\/p>\n

Ferdinand se zm\u011bnil v\u00a0Elefanta<\/p>\n

Po modernizaci se z\u00a0Ferdinanda stal Elefant. Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed charakter z\u016fstal stejn\u00fd. St\u00e1le tu byl mohutn\u00fd st\u00edha\u010d tank\u016f s\u00a0dlouh\u00fdm 88mm kan\u00f3nem a\u00a0obrovskou hmotnost\u00ed. Ale n\u011bkter\u00e9 nedostatky u\u017e N\u011bmci znali. A\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00e9 se pokusili odstranit.<\/p>\n

P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm u\u017e Elefant nebyl stejn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem slep\u00fd v\u016f\u010di bezprost\u0159edn\u00edmu okol\u00ed. Kulomet poskytoval pos\u00e1dce dal\u0161\u00ed mo\u017enost obrany proti p\u011bchot\u011b.<\/p>\n

Modernizovan\u00e9 stroje se pozd\u011bji objevily na italsk\u00e9 front\u011b i\u00a0na v\u00fdchodn\u00ed front\u011b. Jejich po\u010det v\u0161ak z\u016fstal mal\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Stejn\u011b jako Ferdinand byl i\u00a0Elefant specializovanou zbran\u00ed. V\u00a0podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 mu vyhovovaly, mohl b\u00fdt mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd. Jakmile se ale boji\u0161t\u011b zm\u011bnilo, jeho nev\u00fdhody se mohly velmi rychle projevit.<\/p>\n

Foto: Alan Wilson \/ Wikimedia Commons. Licence: (CC BY-SA 2.0) https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/2.0\/<\/p>\n

N\u011bmeck\u00fd st\u00edha\u010d tank\u016f Elefant (Sd.Kfz. 184) v\u00a0muzeu Patriot v\u00a0Kubince. <\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh Ferdinandu proto nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhem hloup\u00fdch konstrukt\u00e9r\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed zapomn\u011bli na n\u011bco tak z\u00e1kladn\u00edho, jako je kulomet. Je mnohem zaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. N\u011bmci vytvo\u0159ili stroj, kter\u00fd m\u011bl jednu v\u011bc d\u011blat mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b dob\u0159e.<\/p>\n

Dostal k\u00a0tomu obrovsk\u00fd kan\u00f3n. Dostal mohutn\u00fd panc\u00ed\u0159. Dostal konstrukci, kter\u00e1 m\u011bla umo\u017enit boj z\u00a0velk\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti. Jen\u017ee skute\u010dn\u00e9 boji\u0161t\u011b nikdy nez\u016fstane pouze u\u00a0jedin\u00e9 v\u011bci.<\/p>\n

P\u0159ijdou miny. P\u0159ijdou \u017eenist\u00e9. P\u0159ijde p\u011bchota. P\u0159ijde \u00fatok z\u00a0boku. P\u0159ijde po\u0161kozen\u00fd p\u00e1s. A\u00a0najednou m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm probl\u00e9mem zbran\u011b n\u011bco, co na st\u0159elnici nikoho nezaj\u00edmalo.<\/p>\n

Co se d\u011bje n\u011bkolik metr\u016f od vozidla?<\/p>\n

Ferdinand dok\u00e1zal p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt z\u00e1sahy, kter\u00e9 by jin\u00e9 obrn\u011bnce zni\u010dily. Dok\u00e1zal na velkou vzd\u00e1lenost ni\u010dit nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9 tanky. Ale pokud ho mina zastavila a\u00a0nep\u0159\u00edtel se dostal p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 bl\u00edzko, jeho obrovsk\u00fd kan\u00f3n nebyl t\u00edm, co pos\u00e1dka pot\u0159ebovala nejv\u00edce.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Seznam pou\u017eit\u00fdch zdroj\u016f: <\/p>\n

1.\u00a0ANKERSTJERNE, Christian. Panzerj\u00e4ger Tiger (P) \u201eElefant\u201c [online]. Panzerworld [cit. 2026-08-10]. Dostupn\u00e9 z: https:\/\/panzerworld.com\/ferdinand-elefant (Tank Encyclopedia)<\/p>\n

2.\u00a0BRYAN, Eric. WMD\u00a0\u2013 The Elefant [online]. Military History Matters. 15.\u00a07.\u00a02013 [cit. 2026-08-10]. Dostupn\u00e9 z: https:\/\/www.military-history.org\/feature\/wmd-the-elefant.htm (Military History)<\/p>\n

3.\u00a0BUDANOVIC, Nikola. History of Tanks: Panzerj\u00e4ger Tiger (P) Ferdinand or Elefant [online]. War History Online. 24.\u00a012.\u00a02013 [cit. 2026-08-10]. Dostupn\u00e9 z: https:\/\/www.warhistoryonline.com\/war-articles\/history-tanks-panzerjager-tiger-p-ferdinand-elefant.html (warhistoryonline)<\/p>\n

4.\u00a0MARKOPANTELIC. Panzerj\u00e4ger Tiger (P) 8.8\u00a0cm PaK 43\/2\u00a0L\/71 \u201aFerdinand\/Elefant\u2018 (Sd.Kfz.184) [online]. Tank Encyclopedia [cit. 2026-08-10]. Dostupn\u00e9 z: https:\/\/tanks-encyclopedia.com\/ww2\/nazi_germany\/panzerjager_tiger-p_elefant<\/p>\n

5.\u00a0THE TANK MUSEUM. German Tanks at Kursk [online]. Bovington: The Tank Museum. 18.\u00a07.\u00a02017 [cit. 2026-08-10]. Dostupn\u00e9 z: https:\/\/tankmuseum.org\/german-tanks-kursk\/ (The Tank Museum)<\/p>\n

6.\u00a0WAR HISTORY. Kursk Ferdinands [online]. WarHistory.org. 10.\u00a01.\u00a02016, aktualizov\u00e1no 13.\u00a012.\u00a02024 [cit. 2026-08-10]. Dostupn\u00e9 z: https:\/\/warhistory.org\/fr\/article\/kursk-ferdinands (War History Online)<\/p>\n

7.\u00a0WIKIPEDIA. Elefant [online]. San Francisco: Wikimedia Foundation [cit. 2026-08-10]. Dostupn\u00e9 z: https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Elefant<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"P\u0159ed n\u011bmeck\u00fdm obrn\u011bncem se zvedal prach. Sov\u011btsk\u00e9 protitankov\u00e9 zbran\u011b p\u00e1lily jedna za druhou. St\u0159ely nar\u00e1\u017eely do mohutn\u00e9 \u010deln\u00ed…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":178214,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[12],"tags":[67,68,2209,441,19867,21516,649,8705,645,23585,437],"class_list":["post-178213","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-byznys","tag-business","tag-byznys","tag-druha-svetova-valka","tag-historie","tag-nacisticke-nemecko","tag-ruda-armada","tag-spolecnost","tag-tanky","tag-valka","tag-wehrmacht","tag-zajimavosti"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/117088436120173971","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/178213","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=178213"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/178213\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/178214"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=178213"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=178213"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=178213"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}