{"id":181244,"date":"2026-08-16T10:26:10","date_gmt":"2026-08-16T10:26:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/181244\/"},"modified":"2026-08-16T10:26:10","modified_gmt":"2026-08-16T10:26:10","slug":"desiva-smrt-petera-fechtera-u-berlinske-zdi-se-stala-symbolem-vychodonemecke-krutosti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/181244\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u011bsiv\u00e1 smrt Petera Fechtera u Berl\u00ednsk\u00e9 zdi se stala symbolem v\u00fdchodon\u011bmeck\u00e9 krutosti"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n 64 let uplynulo od smrti osmn\u00e1ctilet\u00e9ho Petera Fechtera. Mlad\u00edk se stal jedn\u00edm ze 140 lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed zem\u0159eli p\u0159i pokusu emigrovat z V\u00fdchodn\u00edho Berl\u00edna p\u0159es Berl\u00ednskou ze\u010f. Druh\u00fd z mlad\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se o \u00fat\u011bk pokusili, byl \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd. Fechtera ale pohrani\u010dn\u00edci post\u0159elili a nechali ho na m\u00edst\u011b vykrv\u00e1cet. Mlad\u00fd zedn\u00edk um\u00edral minim\u00e1ln\u011b 50 minut, b\u011bhem kter\u00fdch marn\u011b volal o pomoc.\n <\/p>\n

V\u00a0l\u00e9t\u011b roku 1962 byla atmosf\u00e9ra v\u00a0Berl\u00edn\u011b ne\u00fanosn\u011b napjat\u00e1. Lid\u00e9 si st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji v\u0161\u00edmali sv\u011bteln\u00fdch z\u00e1blesk\u016f od v\u00fdst\u0159el\u016f v\u00a0okol\u00ed Berl\u00ednsk\u00e9 zdi a prakticky neminul t\u00fdden, aby zde nedo\u0161lo k\u00a0n\u011bjak\u00e9mu krvav\u00e9mu incidentu. \u00a0<\/p>\n

P\u0158E\u010cT\u011aTE SI TAK\u00c9: Historik: Berl\u00ednskou ze\u010f Chru\u0161\u010dov stav\u011bt necht\u011bl, jen\u017ee zde ut\u00edkaly statis\u00edce N\u011bmc\u016f<\/a><\/p>\n

V\u00a0den prvn\u00edho v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed vzniku Berl\u00ednsk\u00e9 zdi, kter\u00e1 se za\u010dala stav\u011bt 13. srpna 1961, dokonce propukly v\u00a0Z\u00e1padn\u00edm Berl\u00edn\u011b mohutn\u00e9 demonstrace. Obyvatel\u00e9 rozd\u011blen\u00e9ho m\u011bsta byli st\u00e1le m\u00e9n\u011b ochotn\u00ed tolerovat n\u00e1sil\u00ed p\u00e1chan\u00e9 na lidech, kte\u0159\u00ed se pokou\u0161eli o \u00fat\u011bk. Kdy\u017e pak o \u010dty\u0159i dny pozd\u011bji na Zimmerstrasse pobl\u00ed\u017e hrani\u010dn\u00edho p\u0159echodu Checkpoint Charlie padlo n\u011bkolik v\u00fdst\u0159el\u016f, bylo z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee si v\u00fdchodon\u011bme\u010dt\u00ed pohrani\u010dn\u00edci na\u0161li nov\u00fd c\u00edl.<\/p>\n

Mlad\u00edk, kter\u00fd to nezvl\u00e1dl<\/p>\n

Ve 14:02 17. srpna 1962<\/a> obdr\u017eela z\u00e1padoberl\u00ednsk\u00e1 policie prvn\u00ed hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed o st\u0159elb\u011b. Brzy vy\u0161lo najevo, \u017ee o \u00fat\u011bk se tentokr\u00e1t pokusila dvojice mlad\u00edk\u016f. Jeden z nich, 18let\u00fd zedn\u00edk Helmut Kulbeik, se v de\u0161ti st\u0159el p\u0159es betonovou ze\u010f pokrytou ostnat\u00fdm dr\u00e1tem dostal, jeho vrstevn\u00edka Petera Fechtera, rovn\u011b\u017e zedn\u00edka, ale policist\u00e9 post\u0159elili. Teenager z\u016fstal bezvl\u00e1dn\u011b le\u017eet u paty zdi.<\/p>\n

Trag\u00e9dii, kter\u00e1 n\u00e1sledovala, p\u0159ihl\u00ed\u017eeli lid\u00e9 na obou stran\u00e1ch bari\u00e9ry. T\u011b\u017ece zran\u011bn\u00fd mlad\u00edk krv\u00e1cel a hlasit\u011b volal o pomoc, na v\u00fdchodoberl\u00ednsk\u00e9 stran\u011b ale dlouho nikdo nereagoval. Policist\u00e9 ze Z\u00e1padn\u00edho Berl\u00edna, stoj\u00edc\u00ed na \u017eeb\u0159\u00edku, se ho ptali na jm\u00e9no a h\u00e1zeli mu p\u0159es ze\u010f obvazy a l\u00e9k\u00e1rni\u010dku. Odm\u00edtli ale riskovat \u017eivot t\u00edm, \u017ee by ze\u010f p\u0159elezli.<\/p>\n

\n \u010ct\u011bte tak\u00e9\n <\/p>\n

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\"Stavba<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

\n \u010ct\u011bte tak\u00e9\n <\/p>\n

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\n P\u00e1smo smrti vzniklo za jedinou noc. Unik\u00e1tn\u00ed animace ukazuje bleskovou v\u00fdstavbu Berl\u00ednsk\u00e9 zdi\n <\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

13. srp 2026, 07:37<\/p>\n

6 min \u010dten\u00ed<\/p>\n

Ani p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edci americk\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 policie z nedalek\u00e9ho p\u0159echodu necht\u011bli riskovat vstup na \u00fazem\u00ed V\u00fdchodn\u00edho Berl\u00edna; ob\u00e1vali se, \u017ee by to vzhledem k p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edmu sporu o odpov\u011bdnost za rozd\u011blen\u00e9 m\u011bsto mohlo rozpoutat vojensk\u00fd konflikt. \u201eNen\u00ed to n\u00e1\u0161 probl\u00e9m,\u201c m\u011bl podle webov\u00e9ho port\u00e1lu Chronik der Mauer <\/a>(Kronika zdi) prohl\u00e1sit jeden z nich.<\/p>\n

V d\u016fsledku toho uplynulo cel\u00fdch 50 minut, ne\u017e k\u0159ik Petera Fechtera kone\u010dn\u011b ustal. Nakonec jej v\u00fdchodon\u011bme\u010dt\u00ed pohrani\u010dn\u00edci pod rou\u0161kou um\u011bl\u00e9ho d\u00fdmu odnesli. Kr\u00e1tce pot\u00e9 byl v nemocnici v\u00fdchodoberl\u00ednsk\u00e9 policie ofici\u00e1ln\u011b prohl\u00e1\u0161en za mrtv\u00e9ho. Zpr\u00e1va o Fechterov\u011b smrti byla t\u00e9\u017ee noci ozn\u00e1mena ve v\u00fdchodon\u011bmeck\u00e9m rozhlase.<\/p>\n

Sv\u011bt vz\u00e1p\u011bt\u00ed oblet\u011bly z\u00e1b\u011bry um\u00edraj\u00edc\u00edho mlad\u00edka, kter\u00e9mu st\u0159ela rozt\u0159\u00ed\u0161tila p\u00e1nev a je\u017e po\u0159\u00eddili z\u00e1padn\u00ed fotografov\u00e9 a televizn\u00ed \u0161t\u00e1by. Z Fechterovy smrti se stal symbol nelidskosti v\u00fdchodon\u011bmeck\u00e9ho re\u017eimu. N\u00e1pis na jeho n\u00e1hrobku \u201ev\u0161ichni si jej pamatuj\u00ed\u201c se uk\u00e1zal krut\u011b pravdiv\u00fdm.<\/p>\n

V\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b se sestrou na Z\u00e1pad\u011b<\/p>\n

Peter Fechter byl tich\u00fd a nen\u00e1padn\u00fd mlad\u00edk. Narodil se v Berl\u00edn\u011b ve v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9m roce 1944 a vyr\u016fstal se dv\u011bma star\u0161\u00edmi sestrami ve skromn\u00fdch pom\u011brech ve \u010dtvrti Weissensee. Otec pracoval jako mechanik, matka byla prodava\u010dkou. Jejich jedin\u00fd syn opustil \u0161kolu ve \u010dtrn\u00e1cti letech a nastoupil do u\u010den\u00ed na zedn\u00edka \u2013 povol\u00e1n\u00ed, o kter\u00e9 byl v obdob\u00ed pov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 obnovy mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fd z\u00e1jem.<\/p>\n

Fechterova nejstar\u0161\u00ed sestra byla vdan\u00e1 a \u017eila v z\u00e1padn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti m\u011bsta. Rodi\u010de i sourozenci ji p\u0159ed stavbou zdi pravideln\u011b nav\u0161t\u011bvovali. Je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed slo\u017een\u00edm z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00fdch u\u010d\u0148ovsk\u00fdch zkou\u0161ek se Peter Fechter sezn\u00e1mil s Helmutem Kulbeikem, kter\u00fd se zedni\u010dinu u\u010dil u stejn\u00e9 firmy.<\/p>\n

Ochotn\u00fd a pracovit\u00fd \u0159emesln\u00edk<\/p>\n

Na za\u010d\u00e1tku roku 1962 se oba pod\u00edleli na p\u0159estavb\u011b b\u00fdval\u00e9ho pal\u00e1ce Kaiser-Wilhelm-Palais na t\u0159\u00edd\u011b Unter den Linden (Pod lipami). Helmut pozd\u011bji v Z\u00e1padn\u00edm Berl\u00edn\u011b vypov\u011bd\u011bl, \u017ee oba o \u00fat\u011bku ji\u017e del\u0161\u00ed dobu uva\u017eovali a hledali vhodnou p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost k prozkoum\u00e1n\u00ed hrani\u010dn\u00edho p\u00e1sma, nem\u011bli ale \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd pl\u00e1n. Ani vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 po Fechterov\u011b smrti vedli p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edci v\u00fdchodon\u011bmeck\u00e9 tajn\u00e9 policie Stasi, \u201e\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 d\u016fkazy o p\u0159ipravovan\u00e9m naru\u0161en\u00ed hranice\u201c neodhalilo.<\/p>\n

Oba mlad\u00edci spolu o d\u016fvodech sv\u00e9ho z\u00e1m\u011bru uprchnout nejsp\u00ed\u0161 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nemluvili \u2013 pouze v\u011bd\u011bli, \u017ee se ani jeden z nich nedok\u00e1\u017ee ztoto\u017enit se sou\u010dasnou politickou situac\u00ed, a snili o lep\u0161\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b na Z\u00e1pad\u011b. Ze svazku Stasi tak\u00e9 vyplynulo, \u017ee zam\u011bstnavatel Peterovi Fechterovi zam\u00edtl cestu do Z\u00e1padn\u00edho N\u011bmecka, co\u017e mohlo jeho rozhodnut\u00ed ut\u00e9ct ovlivnit. Jeho pracovn\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed nicm\u00e9n\u011b bylo bezchybn\u00e9. \u201eKolega F. je ochotn\u00fd a pracovit\u00fd \u0159emesln\u00edk. Zah\u00e1len\u00ed ani absence u n\u011bj nep\u0159edstavuj\u00ed probl\u00e9m.\u201c<\/p>\n

Tak\u00e9 Helmut Kulbeik o n\u011bm mluvil jako o \u201edobr\u00e9m kolegovi, srde\u010dn\u00e9m a poctiv\u00e9m\u201c. \u201eProto jsem se s n\u00edm st\u00fdkal. Byl to m\u016fj dobr\u00fd zn\u00e1m\u00fd, a\u010dkoli jsme nebyli vylo\u017een\u011b p\u0159\u00e1tel\u00e9,\u201c citoval Chronik der Mauer z\u00a0Kulbeikova v\u00fdslechu z\u00e1padoberl\u00ednskou polici\u00ed z\u00a021. srpna 1962.<\/p>\n

Spont\u00e1nn\u00ed \u00fat\u011bk<\/p>\n

Kulbeik policist\u016fm vyl\u00ed\u010dil, jak jednoho dne p\u0159i toulk\u00e1ch m\u011bstem narazili na zch\u00e1tralou budovu v ulici Sch\u00fctzenstrasse, v n\u00ed\u017e b\u00fdvala truhl\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 d\u00edlna. Jej\u00ed zadn\u00ed okna sm\u011b\u0159ovala do ulice Zimmerstrasse a sahala t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 a\u017e k Berl\u00ednsk\u00e9 zdi. O dva dny pozd\u011bji se b\u011bhem poledn\u00ed p\u0159est\u00e1vky spont\u00e1nn\u011b rozhodli, \u017ee se nevr\u00e1t\u00ed na staveni\u0161t\u011b, ale p\u016fjdou si vyhl\u00e9dnutou budovu prohl\u00e9dnout.<\/p>\n

\n \u010ct\u011bte tak\u00e9\n <\/p>\n

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\"Vrah<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

\n \u010ct\u011bte tak\u00e9\n <\/p>\n

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\n \u010cern\u00e1 kronika SSSR: Zhrzen\u00fd milenec zavra\u017edil 21 \u0161kol\u00e1k\u016f. Komunist\u00e9 masakr tajili\n <\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

11. \u010dvc 2026, 07:29<\/p>\n

6 min \u010dten\u00ed<\/p>\n

Ob\u011bma mlad\u00edk\u016fm se poda\u0159ilo dostat z truhl\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 d\u00edlny do zadn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti domu, ani\u017e by si jich n\u011bkdo v\u0161iml. Ve skladu objevili okno, kter\u00e9 nebylo zazd\u011bn\u00e9. Kdy\u017e o n\u011bco pozd\u011bji zaslechli hlasy, b\u00e1li se odhalen\u00ed, a tak narychlo vysko\u010dili oknem ven. Proto\u017ee se u\u017e d\u0159\u00edve vyzuli, b\u011b\u017eeli v pono\u017ek\u00e1ch ke zdi, kter\u00e1 byla vzd\u00e1len\u00e1 jen n\u011bkolik metr\u016f.<\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e padly prvn\u00ed v\u00fdst\u0159ely, Peter Fechter podle slov Helmuta K. z\u016fstal nehybn\u011b st\u00e1t, jako by p\u0159irostl k zemi. \u201eJ\u00e1 u\u017e jsem byl u zdi, vysko\u010dil jsem a prot\u00e1hl se ostnat\u00fdm dr\u00e1tem na jej\u00edm vrcholu. Nev\u00edm, pro\u010d Peter nevylezl nahoru. M\u011bl b\u00fdt u zdi d\u0159\u00edv ne\u017e j\u00e1. Nic ne\u0159\u00edkal a j\u00e1 m\u011bl ve chv\u00edli, kdy padly v\u00fdst\u0159ely, pocit, \u017ee je v \u0161oku. Hlasit\u011b jsem na n\u011bj volal: \u201aPoj\u010f, poj\u010f, d\u011blej!\u2018 Ale on se nepohnul.\u201c<\/p>\n

35 v\u00fdst\u0159el\u016f a pomal\u00e1 smrt<\/p>\n

Z dokument\u016f pohrani\u010dn\u00edch jednotek vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee na oba mlad\u00edky bez varov\u00e1n\u00ed st\u0159\u00edleli \u010dty\u0159i pohrani\u010dn\u00edci, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e vyp\u00e1lili celkem 35 ran. Peter Fechter, zasa\u017een\u00fd ve chv\u00edli, kdy vysko\u010dil na ze\u010f, se z\u0159\u00edtil zp\u011bt na ulici. Podle Chronik der Mauer se ve zpr\u00e1v\u011b uv\u00e1d\u011blo, \u017ee v t\u00e9 chv\u00edli ji\u017e od \u00fat\u011bku upustil, pohrani\u010dn\u00edci ale nam\u00edsto zat\u010den\u00ed bezbrann\u00e9ho mlad\u00edka zaujali novou pozici a pokra\u010dovali v palb\u011b, dokud se nezhroutil k zemi. Kdy\u017e za\u010dal hlasit\u011b volat o pomoc, hl\u00eddka vyhledala \u00fakryt \u2013 \u00fadajn\u011b proto, \u017ee se c\u00edtila ohro\u017eena policisty ze Z\u00e1padn\u00edho Berl\u00edna, kte\u0159\u00ed na ni z druh\u00e9 strany zdi m\u00ed\u0159ili sv\u00fdmi zbran\u011bmi.<\/p>\n

B\u011bhem n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch des\u00edtek minut Fechter krv\u00e1cel, plakal a na\u0159\u00edkal bolest\u00ed. Obvazy ani l\u00e9k\u00e1rni\u010dku, kter\u00e9 mu hodili str\u00e1\u017en\u00ed ze\u00a0z\u00e1padn\u00ed strany zdi, nebyl schopen pou\u017e\u00edt.<\/p>\n

Zat\u00edmco ve v\u00fdchodn\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00edch bylo ticho po p\u011b\u0161in\u011b, z\u00e1padn\u00ed m\u00e9dia d\u011bsivou Fechterovu smrt nejen zve\u0159ejnila, ale vyvolala takovou reakci<\/a>, \u017ee to nakonec m\u011blo dopad i na v\u00fdchodon\u011bmeck\u00e9 str\u00e1\u017en\u00e9. Ti dostali rozkaz zran\u011bn\u00e9 rad\u011bji ihned odn\u00e1\u0161et, aby \u201enep\u0159\u00edteli neposkytovali \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 z\u00e1minky k roz\u010dilov\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c.<\/p>\n

Fechterova rodina, kter\u00e1 z\u016fstala ve v\u00fdchodn\u00edm Berl\u00edn\u011b, \u010delila sledov\u00e1n\u00ed, probl\u00e9m\u016fm v\u00a0zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00edm sankc\u00edm. Nesm\u011bli zve\u0159ejnit mlad\u00edkovo parte a poh\u0159eb musel prob\u011bhnout v\u00a0tichosti. Str\u00e1\u017en\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed jej zabili, dostali zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed odm\u011bny. K\u00a0soudu se p\u0159\u00edpad dostal a\u017e po p\u00e1du Berl\u00ednsk\u00e9 zdi v\u00a0roce 1990 a tehdy u\u017e byli na\u017eivu jen dva z\u00a0nich. Soud nebyl schopn\u00fd prok\u00e1zat, \u010d\u00ed v\u00fdst\u0159el Fechtera zabil<\/a>, a tak od n\u011bj \u201estr\u00e1\u017eci Berl\u00ednsk\u00e9 zdi\u201c ode\u0161li s\u00a0podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdmi tresty v\u011bzen\u00ed na 20 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f.<\/p>\n

MOHLO BY V\u00c1S ZAJ\u00cdMAT: Dusno v Ceut\u011b. Tohle je na\u0161e p\u016fda, tvrdil migrant a p\u0159ed kamerou Primy se h\u00e1dal s m\u00edstn\u00ed \u017eenou<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"64 let uplynulo od smrti osmn\u00e1ctilet\u00e9ho Petera Fechtera. Mlad\u00edk se stal jedn\u00edm ze 140 lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed zem\u0159eli p\u0159i…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":181245,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[11],"tags":[4125,38534,1635,43208,325,1231,351,33036,54,1230,1636,53,52,43209,30726],"class_list":["post-181244","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-svet","tag-berlin","tag-berlinska-zed","tag-konflikt","tag-peter-fechter","tag-policie","tag-pravo-a-spravedlnost","tag-smrt","tag-stasi","tag-svet","tag-trestna-cinnost","tag-valka-a-mir","tag-world","tag-world-news","tag-zapadni-berlin","tag-zednik"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/117104711284086594","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/181244","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=181244"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/181244\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/181245"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=181244"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=181244"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=181244"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}