{"id":18334,"date":"2026-03-08T21:22:07","date_gmt":"2026-03-08T21:22:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/18334\/"},"modified":"2026-03-08T21:22:07","modified_gmt":"2026-03-08T21:22:07","slug":"lidstvo-dokaze-menit-trasu-asteroidu-ukazal-vyzkum-nasa-cilem-je-obrana-zeme","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/18334\/","title":{"rendered":"Lidstvo dok\u00e1\u017ee m\u011bnit trasu asteroidu, uk\u00e1zal v\u00fdzkum NASA. C\u00edlem je obrana Zem\u011b"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sci-fi filmy jednadvac\u00e1t\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed p\u0159i\u0161ly s\u00a0mnoha n\u00e1pady, jak odvr\u00e1tit asteroid z\u00a0jeho p\u016fvodn\u00ed trasy letu. Aby v\u0161ak pokusy nez\u016fstaly jen na pl\u00e1tn\u011b, rozhodla se NASA jeden takov\u00fd otestovat p\u0159\u00edmo ve vesm\u00edru. C\u00edlen\u011b vyslala kosmickou lo\u010f naproti asteroidu a\u00a0podle v\u00fdsledk\u016f, kter\u00e9 zve\u0159ejnila tento t\u00fdden, byl test \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd.<\/p>\n

P\u0159i experimentu se toti\u017e poda\u0159ilo m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed asteroid Dimorphos odrazit do ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy jin\u00e9ho asteroidu s\u00a0n\u00e1zvem Didymos. To vy\u00fastilo v\u00a0lehk\u00fd odklon t\u00e9to dvojice na jinou ob\u011b\u017enou dr\u00e1hu Slunce, ne\u017e po kter\u00e9 p\u016fvodn\u011b m\u011bla putovat.<\/p>\n

Co nejp\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdsledky v\u011bdci z\u00edskali tak\u00e9 d\u00edky astronom\u016fm z\u00a0cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta, kte\u0159\u00ed jim dobrovoln\u011b pom\u00e1hali p\u0159i m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed tzv. z\u00e1kryt\u016f hv\u011bzd. To jsou situace, p\u0159i kter\u00fdch sledovan\u00fd objekt (v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b asteroid) z\u00a0perspektivy \u010dlov\u011bka p\u0159elet\u00ed p\u0159ed hv\u011bzdou. <\/p>\n

P\u0159i tomto jevu podle Makadii pozorovan\u00fd \u00fatvar zhruba na sekundu d\u00edky sv\u011btlu z\u00a0hv\u011bzdy ztmavne, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016fm velmi p\u0159esn\u011b zm\u011b\u0159it pozici, tvar a\u00a0rychlost, se kterou se pohybuje vesm\u00edrem. T\u011bchto z\u00e1kryt\u016f se astronom\u016fm po dobu n\u011bkolika let poda\u0159ilo zachytit dvaadvacet.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201eZm\u011bna orbit\u00e1ln\u00ed rychlosti syst\u00e9mu dvou asteroid\u016f byla asi 1,7\u00a0palce (4,3\u00a0centimetru) za hodinu. V\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu to m\u016f\u017ee pro\u00a0pohyb asteroidu znamenat z\u00e1sadn\u00ed rozd\u00edl v\u00a0tom, jestli nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd objekt na\u0161i planetu zas\u00e1hne, \u010di nikoliv,\u201c popsal Makadia ve vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed NASA<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Za z\u00e1sadn\u00ed vn\u00edm\u00e1 studii tak\u00e9 vedouc\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk NASA pro mal\u00e1 t\u011blesa slune\u010dn\u00ed soustavy Thomas Statler. \u201eJe to mal\u00e1 zm\u011bna v\u00a0ob\u011bhu, ale kdy\u017e se j\u00ed d\u00e1 dostatek \u010dasu, dokonce takhle mal\u00fd z\u00e1sah m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159er\u016fst v\u00a0z\u00e1sadn\u00ed vych\u00fdlen\u00ed,\u201c \u0159ekl Statler.<\/p>\n

V\u011bdeck\u00fd t\u00fdm podle n\u011bj pracoval p\u0159esn\u011b a\u00a0dok\u00e1zal, \u017ee kinetick\u00fd dopad je mo\u017en\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edt jako techniku p\u0159i obran\u011b Zem\u011b proti nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdm asteroid\u016fm. Statler rovn\u011b\u017e pova\u017euje za kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9, \u017ee k\u00a0vych\u00fdlen\u00ed dvojice asteroid\u016f sta\u010d\u00ed zas\u00e1hnout pouze jeden z\u00a0nich.<\/p>\n

Cel\u00fd v\u00fdzkum je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed mise DART (Double Asteroid Redirection Test), kterou NASA odstartovala u\u017e v\u00a0roce 2022.\u00a0Za \u00fa\u010delem obrany Zem\u011b p\u0159ipravuje americk\u00e1 vesm\u00edrn\u00e1 organizace i\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed projekty. Chyst\u00e1 nap\u0159\u00edklad dalekohled, kter\u00fd bude schopen odhalit i\u00a0ta nejh\u016f\u0159e viditeln\u00e1 t\u011blesa, jako jsou tmav\u00e9 asteroidy a\u00a0komety.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Sci-fi filmy jednadvac\u00e1t\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed p\u0159i\u0161ly s\u00a0mnoha n\u00e1pady, jak odvr\u00e1tit asteroid z\u00a0jeho p\u016fvodn\u00ed trasy letu. Aby v\u0161ak pokusy nez\u016fstaly…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":18335,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[13],"tags":[9264,1542,74,73,78,75,77,76,1540],"class_list":["post-18334","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-veda-a-technika","tag-asteroidy","tag-nasa","tag-science","tag-science-technology","tag-technika","tag-technology","tag-veda","tag-veda-a-technika","tag-vesmir"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116195658511979020","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18334","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18334"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18334\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18335"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18334"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18334"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18334"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}