{"id":187618,"date":"2026-08-22T03:36:32","date_gmt":"2026-08-22T03:36:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/187618\/"},"modified":"2026-08-22T03:36:32","modified_gmt":"2026-08-22T03:36:32","slug":"neznama-romka-se-v-srpnu-1968-postavila-sovetskemu-vojakovi-zachranila-zivot-renemu-bollovi-synovi-spisovatele-heinricha-bolla-romea-cz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/187618\/","title":{"rendered":"Nezn\u00e1m\u00e1 Romka se v srpnu 1968 postavila sov\u011btsk\u00e9mu voj\u00e1kovi. Zachr\u00e1nila \u017eivot Ren\u00e9mu B\u00f6llovi, synovi spisovatele Heinricha B\u00f6lla – Romea.cz"},"content":{"rendered":"

Heinrich B\u00f6ll p\u0159ijel do Prahy s man\u017eelkou Annemarie<\/a> a dvacetilet\u00fdm synem Ren\u00e9m 20. srpna 1968, tedy jen n\u011bkolik hodin p\u0159ed invaz\u00ed vojsk Var\u0161avsk\u00e9 smlouvy. N\u011bmeck\u00fd spisovatel cht\u011bl osobn\u011b poznat reformn\u00ed proces Pra\u017esk\u00e9ho jara, do n\u011bho\u017e vkl\u00e1dal velk\u00e9 nad\u011bje. M\u00edsto toho se rodina n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed r\u00e1no probudila v okupovan\u00e9 zemi.<\/p>\n

Ren\u00e9 B\u00f6ll se b\u011bhem n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch dn\u016f vyd\u00e1val do pra\u017esk\u00fdch ulic. Jako student grafiky a mal\u00ed\u0159stv\u00ed fotografoval tanky, voj\u00e1ky i odpor obyvatel mal\u00fdm fotoapar\u00e1tem Minox. Rodi\u010de v\u011bd\u011bli, \u017ee je situace nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1, p\u0159esto mu dovolili pohybovat se po m\u011bst\u011b. Pr\u00e1v\u011b fotoapar\u00e1t ho ale m\u00e1lem st\u00e1l \u017eivot.<\/p>\n

Samopal nam\u00ed\u0159en\u00fd na hru\u010f<\/p>\n

Dva dny po za\u010d\u00e1tku okupace se Ren\u00e9 pohyboval nedaleko pomn\u00edku Jana Husa na Starom\u011bstsk\u00e9m n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed. P\u0159i fotografov\u00e1n\u00ed si ho v\u0161iml sov\u011btsk\u00fd voj\u00e1k, p\u0159i\u0161el k n\u011bmu a nam\u00ed\u0159il mu samopal na hru\u010f. Po\u017eadoval, aby mu Ren\u00e9 vydal fotoapar\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

Sc\u00e9nu sledovali tak\u00e9 jeho rodi\u010de. Heinrich B\u00f6ll ji pozd\u011bji popsal, ov\u0161em sv\u00e9ho syna v textu ozna\u010dil pouze jako mlad\u00e9ho z\u00e1padn\u00edho N\u011bmce. Spisovatel se ob\u00e1val, \u017ee voj\u00e1k m\u016f\u017ee ve vypjat\u00e9 situaci vyst\u0159elit, a Ren\u00e9mu radil, aby fotoapar\u00e1t odevzdal. Ren\u00e9 odm\u00edtl.<\/p>\n

\u201eJ\u00e1 bych ten fo\u0165\u00e1k hned odevzdal, i kdyby byla \u0161ance, \u017ee vyst\u0159el\u00ed, 1 ku 100 000. On ale necht\u011bl,\u201c napsal pozd\u011bji n\u011bmeck\u00fd spisovatel Heinrich B\u00f6ll.<\/p>\n

Do konfliktu zas\u00e1hla mlad\u00e1 Romka<\/p>\n

V t\u00e9 chv\u00edli se do incidentu vlo\u017eili lid\u00e9 stoj\u00edc\u00ed pobl\u00ed\u017e. Mlad\u00e1 Romka popadla hlave\u0148 samopalu, nam\u00ed\u0159ila ji do vzduchu a voj\u00e1kovi od plic vynadala. Pomohli i dal\u0161\u00ed lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed se shrom\u00e1\u017edili kolem a za\u010dali s voj\u00e1ky diskutovat. <\/p>\n

\u201eShrom\u00e1\u017edilo se tam hodn\u011b lid\u00ed: Romov\u00e9 a Romky, jak se tehdy \u0159\u00edkalo c*k\u00e1nsk\u00e9 rodiny, dnes se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Sinti a Romov\u00e9. M\u016fj otec je\u0161t\u011b psal \u201ec*k\u00e1ni\u201c, proto\u017ee to tehdy bylo b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nebylo hanliv\u00e9. Ti se k tomu p\u0159idali. Pak ode m\u011b odtla\u010dili samopal a dlouho diskutovali. Rusk\u00fd voj\u00e1k pak nakonec tak\u00e9 ode\u0161el \u2013 bez fotoapar\u00e1tu,\u201d vzpom\u00edn\u00e1 na situaci Ren\u00e9 B\u00f6ll v rozhovoru pro Heinrich-B\u00f6ll-Stiftung<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Ob\u011b sv\u011bdectv\u00ed se shoduj\u00ed v podstatn\u00e9m: do nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9ho st\u0159etu mezi mlad\u00fdm N\u011bmcem a ozbrojen\u00fdm sov\u011btsk\u00fdm voj\u00e1kem aktivn\u011b zas\u00e1hli Romov\u00e9 a pomohli zabr\u00e1nit jeho vyhrocen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Jm\u00e9no mlad\u00e9 Romky, kter\u00e1 Ren\u00e9mu B\u00f6llovi pomohla zachr\u00e1nit \u017eivot, dostupn\u00e9 prameny neuv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Fotografie d\u00edky nim z\u016fstaly zachov\u00e1ny<\/p>\n

Ren\u00e9 B\u00f6ll sv\u016fj fotoapar\u00e1t nakonec neztratil. Sn\u00edmky, kter\u00e9 b\u011bhem okupace po\u0159\u00eddil, se proto dochovaly. Vzpom\u00ednky na dramatick\u00e9 srpnov\u00e9 dny i fotografie z Prahy pozd\u011bji zve\u0159ejnila Heinrich-B\u00f6ll-Stiftung<\/a>.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6llovi z\u016fstali v okupovan\u00e9m \u010ceskoslovensku \u010dty\u0159i dny. Heinrich B\u00f6ll pot\u00e9 o ud\u00e1lostech v Praze psal v z\u00e1padon\u011bmeck\u00fdch m\u00e9di\u00edch a n\u00e1siln\u00e9 potla\u010den\u00ed Pra\u017esk\u00e9ho jara ve\u0159ejn\u011b odsoudil. Jeho knihy se po srpnu 1968 v \u010ceskoslovensku dostaly do nemilosti a s\u00e1m spisovatel se u\u017e do Prahy nevr\u00e1til.<\/p>\n

Heinrich B\u00f6ll (1917\u20131985) pat\u0159il k nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm n\u011bmeck\u00fdm spisovatel\u016fm pov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 generace. Ve sv\u00fdch rom\u00e1nech a pov\u00eddk\u00e1ch se vyrovn\u00e1val se zku\u0161enost\u00ed druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky, kritizoval militarismus i pom\u011bry v pov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9m N\u011bmecku a ve\u0159ejn\u011b se zast\u00e1val svobody slova a pron\u00e1sledovan\u00fdch autor\u016f. V roce 1972 z\u00edskal Nobelovu cenu za literaturu<\/a>. Jeho syn Ren\u00e9 B\u00f6ll (1948) je v\u00fdtvarn\u00edk, mal\u00ed\u0159 a grafik. Studoval mal\u00ed\u0159stv\u00ed a grafiku v Kol\u00edn\u011b nad R\u00fdnem a ve V\u00eddni, p\u016fsobil tak\u00e9 jako nakladatel a je jedn\u00edm ze spr\u00e1vc\u016f otcovy liter\u00e1rn\u00ed poz\u016fstalosti a spoluzakladatel\u016f Nadace Heinricha B\u00f6lla.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Heinrich B\u00f6ll p\u0159ijel do Prahy s man\u017eelkou Annemarie a dvacetilet\u00fdm synem Ren\u00e9m 20. srpna 1968, tedy jen n\u011bkolik…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":187619,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[30],"tags":[441,6662,98,99,44034],"class_list":["post-187618","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-praha","tag-historie","tag-okupace","tag-prague","tag-praha","tag-sintove"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/117137072776725991","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/187618","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=187618"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/187618\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/187619"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=187618"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=187618"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=187618"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}