{"id":188522,"date":"2026-08-22T23:08:09","date_gmt":"2026-08-22T23:08:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/188522\/"},"modified":"2026-08-22T23:08:09","modified_gmt":"2026-08-22T23:08:09","slug":"ruska-propaganda-se-snazi-prepsat-ceskoslovenskou-historii-upozornuji-experti-aktualne-cz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/188522\/","title":{"rendered":"Rusk\u00e1 propaganda se sna\u017e\u00ed p\u0159epsat \u010deskoslovenskou historii, upozor\u0148uj\u00ed experti \u2013 Aktu\u00e1ln\u011b.cz"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Od zkreslen\u00fdch interpretac\u00ed druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky a\u017e po smy\u0161len\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy o n\u00e1rodn\u00ed identit\u011b \u2013 rusk\u00fd re\u017eim st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 historii jako zbra\u0148 k ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho m\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed, podkop\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bry a oslabov\u00e1n\u00ed demokracie v cel\u00e9 st\u0159edn\u00ed Evrop\u011b. Ukazuje to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pssi.cz\/history-as-a-weapon-pro-kremlin-revisionism-and-disinformation-in-central-europe\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00fd projekt<\/a>, kter\u00fd analyzoval p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 online.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud jde o \u010cesko, dezinforma\u010dn\u00edm narativ\u016fm dominuje druh\u00e1 sv\u011btov\u00e1 v\u00e1lka a osvobozen\u00ed ze strany Sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho svazu. C\u00edlem je zneu\u017e\u00edvat ob\u011bti Rud\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy k vyvol\u00e1n\u00ed pocitu mor\u00e1ln\u00edho dluhu a vd\u011b\u010dnosti, kter\u00fd se p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed na modern\u00ed Rusko. K tomu slou\u017e\u00ed i zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed lok\u00e1ln\u00edch t\u00e9mat, jako je odstra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed soch sov\u011btsk\u00fdch voj\u00e1k\u016f \u010di vandalismus pam\u00e1tn\u00edk\u016f, co\u017e m\u00e1 v \u010desk\u00e9m publiku vyvolat pocit mor\u00e1ln\u00edho selh\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"V noci z 20. na 21. srpna 1968 vpadla do \u010ceskoslovenska vojska Var\u0161avsk\u00e9 smlouvy.\" class=\"e-ui-image__img\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/10.jpg\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"V noci z 20. na 21. srpna 1968 vpadla do \u010ceskoslovenska vojska Var\u0161avsk\u00e9 smlouvy.\" class=\"e-ui-image__img\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/1787440089_799_10.jpg\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"V noci z 20. na 21. srpna 1968 vpadla do \u010ceskoslovenska vojska Var\u0161avsk\u00e9 smlouvy.\" class=\"e-ui-image__img\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/1787440089_799_10.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>17 fotografi\u00edProhl\u00e9dnout si 17 fotografi\u00ed<\/p>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00edm velk\u00fdm dezinforma\u010dn\u00edm t\u00e9matem je rok 1968 a okupace \u010ceskoslovenska vojsky Var\u0161avsk\u00e9 smlouvy. Dezinformace se sna\u017e\u00ed zbavit Rusko viny za invazi.<\/p>\n<p>\u201eMnoho p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f zd\u016fraz\u0148ovalo ukrajinskou souvislost s okupac\u00ed, aby to vypadalo, \u017ee toto rozhodnut\u00ed bylo ze sv\u00e9 podstaty ukrajinsk\u00e9. Vytv\u00e1\u0159ely tak\u00e9 statistiky tvrd\u00edc\u00ed, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina voj\u00e1k\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed okupovali \u010ceskoslovensko, byli ve skute\u010dnosti Ukrajinci, a proto je za okupaci zodpov\u011bdn\u00e1 modern\u00ed Ukrajina,\u201c popsala jeden z\u00a0narativ\u016f spoluautorka anal\u00fdzy Alexandra Noskov\u00e1 z\u00a0Prague Security Studies Institute (PSSI).<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed viny za invazi 1968<\/p>\n<p>A pokud nebyla obvi\u0148ov\u00e1na p\u0159\u00edmo Ukrajina, odpov\u011bdnost za invazi se p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ela na dom\u00e1c\u00ed sc\u00e9nu \u2013 na \u010deskoslovenskou vl\u00e1du, vojensk\u00e9 d\u016fvody nebo na spor mezi \u010desk\u00fdmi a slovensk\u00fdmi komunisty. Vin\u00edci byli v\u0161ichni ostatn\u00ed, jen ne tehdej\u0161\u00ed re\u017eim v\u00a0Moskv\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci na \u010desk\u00e9m internetu tak\u00e9 identifikovali silnou vlnu p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f, kter\u00e9 propojuj\u00ed modern\u00ed ukrajinskou identitu v\u00fdhradn\u011b s extremismem, nacistickou ideologi\u00ed a podporou Stepana Bandery. K vyvol\u00e1n\u00ed protiukrajinsk\u00fdch n\u00e1lad zneu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed i historick\u00e1 traumata, jako je Voly\u0148sk\u00fd masakr.<\/p>\n<p>\u010cesk\u00fd v\u00fdzkum se zam\u011b\u0159il na \u0161est kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch historick\u00fdch miln\u00edk\u016f: Mnichovskou dohodu, Protektor\u00e1t \u010cechy a Morava, osvobozen\u00ed v roce 1945, V\u00edt\u011bzn\u00fd \u00fanor 1948, invazi v roce 1968 a Sametovou revoluci 1989.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fdm v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016f z\u00a0PSSI analyzoval celkem 4 700 p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f, ze kter\u00fdch po filtraci na z\u00e1klad\u011b sledovanosti a odstran\u011bn\u00ed nerelevantn\u00edch \u010di ne\u00fapln\u00fdch text\u016f z\u00edskal fin\u00e1ln\u00ed vzorek 102 p\u016fvodn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Alternativn\u00ed m\u00e9dia zahlcuj\u00ed protich\u016fdn\u00fdmi informacemi<\/p>\n<p>Jak anal\u00fdza zjistila, v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice dezinformace o historii \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm alternativn\u00ed m\u00e9dia, a\u010dkoli jejich identifikace je slo\u017eit\u00e1. \u201eMnoho z t\u011bchto \u00fa\u010dt\u016f je anonymn\u00edch a spadaj\u00ed n\u011bkam mezi kategorii alternativn\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00ed a propagandistick\u00fdch \u010di dezinforma\u010dn\u00edch \u00fa\u010dt\u016f,\u201c doplnila Noskov\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>\u010cesk\u00e1 data uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee jednotliv\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky vrstv\u00ed a kombinuj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 manipulativn\u00ed techniky, je proto velmi n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 je vyvracet. C\u00edlem kampan\u00ed nen\u00ed nutn\u011b prosadit jedinou verzi pravdy, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e zahltit informa\u010dn\u00ed prostor tolika protich\u016fdn\u00fdmi teoriemi, aby pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd \u010dten\u00e1\u0159 ztratil schopnost zorientovat se v tom, co je pravda.<\/p>\n<p>Podobn\u00e1 strategie u soused\u016f<\/p>\n<p>Stejn\u00fd v\u00fdzkum prob\u011bhl tak\u00e9 na Slovensku a v\u00a0Polsku. Li\u0161ily se ale historick\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti, na kter\u00e9 se sb\u011br dat soust\u0159edil.<\/p>\n<p>Polsk\u00fd dezinforma\u010dn\u00ed prostor se siln\u011b zam\u011b\u0159uje na Katy\u0148sk\u00fd masakr, Jaltskou konferenci, sov\u011btskou invazi do Polska v roce 1939 a tak\u00e9 Mnichovskou dohodu, kde nap\u0159\u00edklad tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee Polsko blokovalo sov\u011btskou pomoc pro \u010ceskoslovensko. Na Slovensku dezinforma\u010dn\u00ed sc\u00e9na zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 hlavn\u011b Slovensk\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed povst\u00e1n\u00ed z roku 1944.<\/p>\n<p>Anal\u00fdza zjistila, \u017ee v\u00a0cel\u00e9m regionu hraj\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli p\u0159i \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed dezinformac\u00ed koordinovan\u00e1 rusk\u00e1 s\u00ed\u0165 Pravda a \u0161ifrovan\u00e1 platforma Telegram, na Slovensku je pak na prvn\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b Facebook.<\/p>\n<p>Slovensk\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed je pak specifick\u00e9 je\u0161t\u011b v\u00a0jedn\u00e9 v\u011bci \u2013 dezinformace se tam nesd\u00edlej\u00ed jen na okraji spole\u010dnosti nebo politick\u00e9ho spektra.<\/p>\n<p>Na Slovensku histori\u00ed manipuluj\u00ed politici<\/p>\n<p>\u201ePolitici na Slovensku jsou siln\u00fdmi zesilova\u010di. Vid\u00edme, \u017ee jeden z p\u011bti p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f, kter\u00e9 manipuluj\u00ed s histori\u00ed, poch\u00e1z\u00ed z \u00fa\u010dt\u016f spojen\u00fdch s\u00a0politiky. To d\u00e1v\u00e1 historick\u00e9 manipulaci jakousi legitimitu, proto\u017ee kdy\u017e popul\u00e1rn\u00ed politici \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed tento druh narativ\u016f, mnoho lid\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee uv\u011b\u0159it, \u017ee je to legitimn\u00ed,\u201c popsal Domician Zahorjan ze slovensk\u00e9ho NEST Institute.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00a0cel\u00e9m regionu se ka\u017edop\u00e1dn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 spole\u010dn\u00fd dezinforma\u010dn\u00ed \u201emanu\u00e1l\u201c. Bez ohledu na to, o jak\u00e9 historick\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti se mluv\u00ed, dezinform\u00e1to\u0159i se sna\u017e\u00ed p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dovat publikum, \u017ee Rusko je zachr\u00e1nce a ochr\u00e1nce, Z\u00e1pad je zr\u00e1dce a za historick\u00e9 i sou\u010dasn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my mohou Ukrajinci.<\/p>\n<p>A co je podle v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016f hlavn\u00ed c\u00edl manipulace s\u00a0histori\u00ed? Oslabit nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d cel\u00fdm st\u0159edoevropsk\u00fdm regionem podporu pro Ukrajinu a sn\u00ed\u017eit d\u016fv\u011bru ob\u010dan\u016f v EU, NATO a jejich vlastn\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00ed instituce.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159esto\u017ee kompletn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum zve\u0159ejn\u00ed auto\u0159i a\u017e v\u00a0polovin\u011b z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, u\u017e te\u010f p\u0159i\u0161li s\u00a0n\u011bkolika doporu\u010den\u00edmi, jak se zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdm dezinforma\u010dn\u00edm kampan\u00edm br\u00e1nit a l\u00e9pe odol\u00e1vat historick\u00e9mu revizionismu.<\/p>\n<p>Co s t\u00edm?<\/p>\n<p>Doporu\u010duj\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad za\u010dlenit v\u00edce modern\u00ed historie do \u0161koln\u00edch osnov, stejn\u011b jako zapracovat na rozvoji medi\u00e1ln\u00ed gramotnosti nebo budovat funk\u010dn\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed syst\u00e9m strategick\u00e9 komunikace.<\/p>\n<p>Velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je podle v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016f jednat proaktivn\u011b, ne reaktivn\u011b. Vyu\u017e\u00edvat toho, \u017ee historick\u00fd revizionismus je \u010dasto v\u00e1zan\u00fd na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed, a vyvracet narativy d\u0159\u00edve, ne\u017e se stihnou masivn\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it.<\/p>\n<p>\u201eTo znamen\u00e1, \u017ee nap\u0159\u00edklad rok 1968 bude zmi\u0148ov\u00e1n hlavn\u011b kolem v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed a ne po cel\u00fd rok. V\u011bd\u011bt, kdy se pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b n\u011bco stane, je proto velmi v\u00fdhodn\u00e9 a d\u00e1v\u00e1 n\u00e1m p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost tomu p\u0159edej\u00edt,\u201c vysv\u011btlil Kamil Mikulski z\u00a0polsk\u00e9 neziskov\u00e9 ogranizace Emerging Threats Observatory, kter\u00e1 se zam\u011b\u0159uje na t\u00e9ma dezinformac\u00ed a zahrani\u010dn\u00edho vm\u011b\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00a0tomto kontextu auto\u0159i doporu\u010duj\u00ed zapojit d\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u00e9 odborn\u00e9 hlasy a vyu\u017e\u00edvat autoritu historik\u016f, archiv\u016f, muze\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00edch instituc\u00ed. Mohou toti\u017e mluvit k\u00a0ve\u0159ejnosti a uv\u00e1d\u011bt v\u011bci na pravou m\u00edru. A jeliko\u017e se dezinformace velmi \u010dasto zam\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed na obdob\u00ed druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky, d\u00e1v\u00e1 podle v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016f smysl zam\u011b\u0159it \u201eobrann\u00e9 strategie\u201c specificky na n\u011bj.<\/p>\n<p>Doporu\u010den\u00ed pak dopl\u0148uj\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b apely na prohlouben\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce mezi zem\u011bmi Visegr\u00e1dsk\u00e9 \u010dty\u0159ky a na zp\u0159\u00edstupn\u011bn\u00ed digitalizovan\u00fdch historick\u00fdch pramen\u016f \u0161irok\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnosti.<\/p>\n<p>Mohlo by v\u00e1s zaj\u00edmat: AI Lego propaganda z \u00cdr\u00e1nu: V\u00e1lka v kostk\u00e1ch dob\u00fdv\u00e1 soci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b:<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Od zkreslen\u00fdch interpretac\u00ed druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky a\u017e po smy\u0161len\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy o n\u00e1rodn\u00ed identit\u011b \u2013 rusk\u00fd re\u017eim st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":188523,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[10],"tags":[3151,17,21,16,18,19,22,20],"class_list":["post-188522","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-zpravy","tag-evropa-v-souvislostech","tag-headlines","tag-hlavni-udalosti","tag-news","tag-top-news","tag-top-stories","tag-udalosti-dne","tag-zpravy"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/117141681600044312","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/188522","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=188522"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/188522\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/188523"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=188522"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=188522"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=188522"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}