\u201e\u00c9ra deportac\u00ed za\u010dala,\u201c prohl\u00e1sil na za\u010d\u00e1tku leto\u0161n\u00edho l\u00e9ta \u0161v\u00e9dsk\u00fd europoslanec Charlie Weimers. Nejde jen o r\u00e9toriku \u2014 za jeho slovy stoj\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed legislativa, existuj\u00edc\u00ed infrastruktura a region, kter\u00fd se ocit\u00e1 v centru pozornosti: z\u00e1padn\u00ed Balk\u00e1n.<\/p>\n
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\u010cerven p\u0159inesl dohodu vyjednava\u010d\u016f Rady EU a Evropsk\u00e9ho parlamentu o nov\u00fdch pravidlech pro navracen\u00ed migrant\u016f. Europoslanci je form\u00e1ln\u011b p\u0159ijali 16. \u010dervna. P\u0159ed vstupem v platnost je\u0161t\u011b mus\u00ed legislativn\u00ed proces dokon\u010dit Rada EU \u2014 politick\u00fd sign\u00e1l je ale jasn\u00fd.<\/p>\n
Nov\u00e1 pravidla umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed z\u0159izovat takzvan\u00e1 n\u00e1vratov\u00e1 centra ve t\u0159et\u00edch zem\u00edch mimo Evropskou unii. Slou\u017eila by jako m\u00edsta, kam by mohli b\u00fdt umis\u0165ov\u00e1ni lid\u00e9 bez pr\u00e1va na pobyt v EU p\u0159ed jejich n\u00e1vratem do zem\u011b p\u016fvodu nebo jin\u00e9 zem\u011b, kter\u00e1 je p\u0159ijme. Kypersk\u00fd n\u00e1m\u011bstek ministra pro migraci Nicholas Ioannides v \u010dervnu nazna\u010dil, \u017ee by tato centra mohla vzniknout \u201emo\u017en\u00e1 v Africe nebo Asii\u201c. Jen\u017ee situace na z\u00e1padn\u00edm Balk\u00e1n\u011b nab\u00edz\u00ed i jinou mo\u017enost.<\/p>\n
Balk\u00e1n m\u00e1 jednu d\u016fle\u017eitou v\u00fdhodu: existuj\u00edc\u00ed infrastrukturu. Za posledn\u00ed desetilet\u00ed zde EU spolufinancovala s\u00ed\u0165 p\u0159ij\u00edmac\u00edch a registra\u010dn\u00edch center. Srbsko disponuje kapacitou pro p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 2 000 osob, kapacita za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v Bosn\u011b a Hercegovin\u011b se podle r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u00fadaj\u016f pohybuje v\u00fdrazn\u011b v\u00fd\u0161e \u2014 Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed organizace pro migraci v roce 2021 uv\u00e1d\u011bla p\u0159es 4 500 m\u00edst. V dubnu 2025 p\u0159itom tato za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed hostila jen necel\u00fdch 1 400 lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n
\u201eJe tu spousta t\u00e1bor\u016f pln\u011b vybaven\u00fdch l\u016f\u017eky a v\u0161\u00edm pot\u0159ebn\u00fdm. Lze je znovu uv\u00e9st do provozu b\u011bhem 24 a\u017e 48 hodin,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Milica \u0160vabi\u0107ov\u00e1, pr\u00e1vni\u010dka b\u011blehradsk\u00e9 nevl\u00e1dn\u00ed organizace KlikAktiv. Voln\u00e1 kapacita tak m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt jedn\u00edm z d\u016fvod\u016f, pro\u010d se pozornost obrac\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b k tomuto regionu.<\/p>\n
V\u011bt\u0161ina balk\u00e1nsk\u00fdch vl\u00e1d se od my\u0161lenky n\u00e1vratov\u00fdch center ve\u0159ejn\u011b distancuje. \u010cernohorsk\u00fd premi\u00e9r Milojko Spaji\u0107 odm\u00edtl p\u0159ij\u00edmat ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 \u017eadatele o azyl z Brit\u00e1nie. Alb\u00e1nie se k podobn\u00fdm pl\u00e1n\u016fm stav\u00ed zdr\u017eenliv\u011b \u2014 p\u0159esto\u017ee sama uzav\u0159ela s It\u00e1li\u00ed dohodu o z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed center pro migranty zachr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 \u010di zadr\u017een\u00e9 ve St\u0159edozemn\u00edm mo\u0159i.<\/p>\n
Italsko-alb\u00e1nsk\u00fd projekt p\u0159itom od po\u010d\u00e1tku nar\u00e1\u017eel na pr\u00e1vn\u00ed komplikace. Italsk\u00e9 soudy opakovan\u011b zpochybnily um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed migrant\u016f do alb\u00e1nsk\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a \u010d\u00e1st z nich musela b\u00fdt p\u0159evezena do It\u00e1lie. Projekt z\u00e1rove\u0148 vyvolal kritiku kv\u016fli vysok\u00fdm n\u00e1klad\u016fm a n\u00edzk\u00e9mu vyu\u017eit\u00ed vybudovan\u00fdch kapacit.<\/p>\n
Srbsko zase v roce 2022 podepsalo memorandum s Ma\u010farskem a Rakouskem o spolupr\u00e1ci v oblasti migrace. Jeho c\u00edlem bylo mimo jin\u00e9 pos\u00edlit navracen\u00ed lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed nemaj\u00ed pr\u00e1vo z\u016fstat v Evropsk\u00e9 unii. Nevl\u00e1dn\u00ed organizace v\u0161ak upozor\u0148uj\u00ed na riziko, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 rychl\u00e9 n\u00e1vratov\u00e9 \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee omezit mo\u017enost migrant\u016f \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b uplatnit pr\u00e1vo po\u017e\u00e1dat o mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed ochranu.<\/p>\n
Emir Prcanovi\u0107 ze sarajevsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed organizace Va\u0161a Prava upozor\u0148uje, \u017ee Bosna a Hercegovina by se mohla st\u00e1t v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm m\u00edstem pro zadr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed a navracen\u00ed migrant\u016f. Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v Lukavici popisuje jako siln\u011b uzav\u0159en\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed s omezen\u00fdm kontaktem s okoln\u00edm sv\u011btem. Z p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 660 zadr\u017een\u00fdch ro\u010dn\u011b se podle n\u011bj k pr\u00e1vn\u00ed pomoci dostane jen kolem t\u0159iceti lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Srbsk\u00fd pr\u00e1vn\u00edk Nikola Kova\u010devi\u0107, kter\u00fd se v\u00edce ne\u017e deset let v\u011bnuje pr\u00e1v\u016fm uprchl\u00edk\u016f, dlouhodob\u011b zpochyb\u0148uje ozna\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed Srbska za bezpe\u010dnou t\u0159et\u00ed zemi. Evropsk\u00fd soud pro lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va se ot\u00e1zkou n\u00e1vrat\u016f do Srbska zab\u00fdval tak\u00e9 v souvislosti s postupem Ma\u010farska a konstatoval poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1v migrant\u016f.<\/p>\n
Balk\u00e1nsk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty p\u0159itom usiluj\u00ed o \u010dlenstv\u00ed v Evropsk\u00e9 unii. N\u011bmeck\u00e1 europoslankyn\u011b Birgit Sippelov\u00e1 upozor\u0148uje, \u017ee migrace a ochrana hranic se st\u00e1le v\u00fdrazn\u011bji prom\u00edtaj\u00ed tak\u00e9 do p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e9ho procesu. Podle n\u00ed by nav\u00edc um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed n\u00e1vratov\u00fdch center do kandid\u00e1tsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161elo z\u00e1sadn\u00ed probl\u00e9m: po jejich p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9m vstupu do EU by se tato za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed ocitla p\u0159\u00edmo na \u00fazem\u00ed Unie.<\/p>\n
Balk\u00e1n je bl\u00edzko, m\u00e1 pot\u0159ebnou infrastrukturu a jeho st\u00e1ty usiluj\u00ed o p\u0159\u00edze\u0148 Bruselu. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tato kombinace z n\u011bj d\u011bl\u00e1 p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho kandid\u00e1ta v debat\u011b o tom, kam by Evropa mohla p\u0159esunout \u010d\u00e1st sv\u00e9 n\u00e1vratov\u00e9 politiky.<\/p>\n
Zdroj info:\u00a0Balkan Insight<\/p>\n
Autor: Josef Ne\u0161tick\u00fd\u00a0<\/p>\n
Foto: Vytvo\u0159eno um\u011blou inteligenc\u00ed v\u00a0ChatGPT<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u201e\u00c9ra deportac\u00ed za\u010dala,\u201c prohl\u00e1sil na za\u010d\u00e1tku leto\u0161n\u00edho l\u00e9ta \u0161v\u00e9dsk\u00fd europoslanec Charlie Weimers. Nejde jen o r\u00e9toriku \u2014 za…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":188770,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[3],"tags":[5827,109,108,106,1260],"class_list":["post-188769","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-evropa","tag-balkan","tag-europa","tag-europe","tag-evropa","tag-migrace"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/117143843840104823","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/188769","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=188769"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/188769\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/188770"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=188769"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=188769"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=188769"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}