{"id":197770,"date":"2026-08-31T19:50:24","date_gmt":"2026-08-31T19:50:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/197770\/"},"modified":"2026-08-31T19:50:24","modified_gmt":"2026-08-31T19:50:24","slug":"duby-cekaly-6500-let-z-jejich-cerneho-dreva-se-stal-prirodni-archiv-i-svetovy-pribeh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/197770\/","title":{"rendered":"Duby \u010dekaly 6500 let. Z jejich \u010dern\u00e9ho d\u0159eva se stal p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed archiv i sv\u011btov\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh"},"content":{"rendered":"


\n \"Les
\n
\n <\/a>
\n Les civilizac\u00ed a jeho cesta na Expo 2025. Do \u00d3saky se loni dostalo 133 kmen\u016f, kter\u00e9 symbolicky zastupovaly jednotliv\u00e9 zem\u011b a organizace.<\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e p\u0159i stavb\u011b bioplynov\u00e9 stanice v povod\u00ed Ol\u0161e v roce 2016 narazili investo\u0159i na prvn\u00ed podivn\u00fd kmen, pova\u017eovali ho p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm za komplikaci, kter\u00e9 se bude pot\u0159eba rychle zbavit. \u010cern\u00e9 d\u0159evo zap\u00e1chalo, bylo nas\u00e1kl\u00e9 vodou, na vzduchu se rozpadalo a nedalo se ani sp\u00e1lit. U prvn\u00edho kmene je\u0161t\u011b m\u00e1vli rukou, u p\u00e1t\u00e9ho u\u017e za\u010dali b\u00fdt nerv\u00f3zn\u00ed. Ob\u00e1vali se komplikac\u00ed. Netu\u0161ili, \u017ee pod povrchem le\u017e\u00ed poz\u016fstatky d\u00e1vn\u00e9ho lesa, kter\u00fd \u010dekal na sv\u00e9 objeven\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 6500 let. „Ptal jsem se: Pro\u010d zrovna j\u00e1?“ vzpom\u00edn\u00e1 Marek Noga, investor, kter\u00e9mu n\u00e1lez zcela zm\u011bnil \u017eivot. P\u016fvodn\u00ed projekt u\u017e nikdy nedokon\u010dil.<\/p>\n

reklama<\/p>\n

Dnes se na stejn\u00fd materi\u00e1l d\u00edv\u00e1 \u00fapln\u011b jinak. Z lokality se poda\u0159ilo vyt\u011b\u017eit v\u00edce ne\u017e 1000 metr\u016f krychlov\u00fdch subfosiln\u00edho d\u0159eva, tedy mno\u017estv\u00ed odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed zhruba 70 a\u017e 80 kamion\u016fm, kter\u00e9 b\u011b\u017en\u011b odv\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed kulatinu z lesa. \u010c\u00e1st n\u00e1lezu se prom\u011bnila v projekt Les civilizac\u00ed, kter\u00fd se p\u0159edstavil na sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00fdstav\u011b Expo 2025 v japonsk\u00e9 \u00d3sace. S postupem \u010dasu se p\u0159itom m\u011bn\u00ed i ot\u00e1zka, kter\u00e1 kolem d\u00e1vn\u00fdch dub\u016f stoj\u00ed v centru pozornosti. „U\u017e nejde jen o to, co z nich vyrobit. St\u00e1le d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pro n\u00e1s je, co z nich uchovat pro dal\u0161\u00ed generace,“ uvedl.<\/p>\n

Na povrchu p\u0159ed lety nebylo nic, co by \u010dlov\u011bka upozornilo na mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fd n\u00e1lez. Pozemek byl rovn\u00fd a vypadal \u00fapln\u011b norm\u00e1ln\u011b. Dokonce ani p\u0159edchoz\u00ed geologick\u00fd pr\u016fzkum netrefil jedin\u00fd z ukryt\u00fdch kmen\u016f.<\/p>\n

„P\u0159ed 6500 lety vypadala zdej\u0161\u00ed krajina jinak. Podle sou\u010dasn\u00e9 teorie tehdy Ol\u0161e tekla p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b t\u0159i kilometry od dne\u0161n\u00edho toku. Proti proudu se mohl rozkl\u00e1dat rozs\u00e1hl\u00fd, p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b dubov\u00fd les,“ uvedl Noga. Stromy postupn\u011b padaly do \u0159eky, nap\u0159\u00edklad v d\u016fsledku eroze b\u0159eh\u016f a p\u0159irozen\u00fdch v\u00fdvrat\u016f. Proud je mohl po desetilet\u00ed posouvat korytem, dokud je nezastavila p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed bari\u00e9ra. P\u0159i dal\u0161\u00edch povodn\u00edch pak kmeny p\u0159ekr\u00fdvaly vrstvy sediment\u016f. Bez p\u0159\u00edstupu vzduchu a za specifick\u00fdch podm\u00ednek se \u010d\u00e1st d\u0159eva zachovala a\u017e do sou\u010dasnosti.<\/p>\n

V dob\u011b, kdy duby rostly, sv\u011bt vypadal \u00fapln\u011b jinak ne\u017e dnes. Neexistovaly sou\u010dasn\u00e9 st\u00e1ty ani jejich hranice. „Ka\u017ed\u00fd takov\u00fd kmen si p\u0159edstavuji jako p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed archiv sv\u00e9 doby,“ \u0159ekl Noga. Poch\u00e1zej\u00ed z \u010das\u016f, u nich\u017e neexistuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy o po\u010das\u00ed ani o pr\u016ftoku \u0159ek. Izotopy uhl\u00edku a kysl\u00edku mohou p\u0159in\u00e9st informace o vodn\u00edm re\u017eimu a podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch r\u016fstu, chemick\u00e9 a anatomick\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy zase o zm\u011bn\u00e1ch prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n

N\u00e1lez je podle Nogy v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fd tak\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00edm materi\u00e1lu. Nejde o jedin\u00fd izolovan\u00fd kmen, ale o rozs\u00e1hl\u00fd soubor dub\u016f z jedn\u00e9 lokality. V\u011bdci tak mohou porovn\u00e1vat jednotliv\u00e9 stromy a hledat v nich spole\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh krajiny. N\u011bkter\u00e9 kapitoly p\u0159itom st\u00e1le z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed nejasn\u00e9. V jednom z kmen\u016f nap\u0159\u00edklad na\u0161li \u017ealudy, v okol\u00ed se objevily tak\u00e9 kusy jantaru a odborn\u00edci zkoumaj\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad vliv okoln\u00edch miner\u00e1l\u016f na jednotliv\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti d\u0159eva.<\/p>\n

„Pro mnoho lid\u00ed to bylo prost\u011b \u010dern\u00e9, shnil\u00e9 d\u0159evo,“ vzpom\u00edn\u00e1 Noga. Setk\u00e1val se dokonce s ot\u00e1zkami, \u010d\u00edm je materi\u00e1l obarven\u00fd, a n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed lid\u00e9 ho pova\u017eovali za podvodn\u00edka. Postupn\u011b se ale d\u0159evo dostalo k v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm muze\u00edm, um\u011blc\u016fm a architekt\u016fm. Noga s n\u00edm nav\u0161t\u00edvil des\u00edtky zem\u00ed a dostal se i do neve\u0159ejn\u00fdch sb\u00edrek a depozit\u00e1\u0159\u016f sv\u011btov\u00fdch instituc\u00ed. V Lond\u00fdn\u011b dr\u017eel v rukou \u010d\u00e1st dve\u0159\u00ed vyroben\u00fdch ze stromu, kter\u00fd u\u017e v\u00edce ne\u017e tis\u00edc let neroste.<\/p>\n

Jedn\u00edm z rozhoduj\u00edc\u00edch moment\u016f byl projekt Les civilizac\u00ed a jeho cesta na Expo 2025. Do \u00d3saky se dostalo 133 kmen\u016f, kter\u00e9 symbolicky zastupovaly jednotliv\u00e9 zem\u011b a organizace. Architekt Sou Fud\u017eimoto a um\u011blci jako Tony Cragg, Lorenzo Quinn, Vlastimil Ber\u00e1nek nebo Jaroslav Pro\u0161ek pomohli d\u00e1vn\u00e9mu d\u0159evu p\u0159ekro\u010dit hranici mezi v\u011bdeck\u00fdm n\u00e1lezem a sou\u010dasn\u00fdm um\u011bn\u00edm. „Je to jeden les, jeden spole\u010dn\u00fd ko\u0159enov\u00fd syst\u00e9m a symbol propojen\u00ed civilizac\u00ed,“ m\u00edn\u00ed Noga. \u0160est a p\u016fl tis\u00edce let star\u00e9 duby tak podle n\u011bj dostaly paradoxn\u00ed \u00fakol – p\u0159ipom\u00ednat dne\u0161n\u00edm st\u00e1t\u016fm, \u017ee jejich hranice jsou ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s p\u0159\u00edrodou p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b mlad\u00e9 a pom\u00edjiv\u00e9. Civilizace vznikaj\u00ed a zanikaj\u00ed, hranice se m\u011bn\u00ed, ale p\u0159\u00edroda na\u0161i historii p\u0159esahuje.<\/p>\n

P\u0159ed v\u00fdstavou Expo bylo nutn\u00e9 hodnotu projektu transparentn\u011b stanovit pro da\u0148ov\u00e9, celn\u00ed a pojistn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely. Podle Nogy byla na z\u00e1klad\u011b srovn\u00e1vac\u00ed metody akceptovan\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdmi org\u00e1ny v Japonsku stanovena minim\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnota projektu p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b na 45 milion\u016f eur. Ne\u0161lo p\u0159itom o b\u011b\u017enou tr\u017en\u00ed cenu samotn\u00e9ho d\u0159eva, ale o hodnotu stanovenou pro \u00fa\u010dely projektu. Jako srovn\u00e1vac\u00ed materi\u00e1l bylo pou\u017eito kvalitn\u00ed ebenov\u00e9 d\u0159evo.<\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1v\u011b ot\u00e1zka hodnoty p\u0159inesla dal\u0161\u00ed zm\u011bnu pohledu na samotn\u00fd materi\u00e1l. Zat\u00edmco d\u0159\u00edve se hledalo p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm jeho vyu\u017eit\u00ed, dnes Noga st\u00e1le v\u00edce mluv\u00ed o tom, co by m\u011blo z\u016fstat zachov\u00e1no. „Subfosiln\u00ed dub toti\u017e nelze jednodu\u0161e nahradit. Nov\u00fd strom m\u016f\u017ee vyr\u016fst, ale nov\u00fd \u0161est a p\u016fl tis\u00edce let star\u00fd subfosiln\u00ed materi\u00e1l u\u017e nikdo nevytvo\u0159\u00ed. Neum\u00edme zopakovat tis\u00edcilet\u00fd proces. Je to zlato pro na\u0161e d\u011bti. Diamanty pro na\u0161e vnou\u010data,“ tvrd\u00ed Noga.<\/p>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00e1 dal\u0161\u00ed generace v\u011bdc\u016f podle n\u011bj m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt k dispozici lep\u0161\u00ed technologie ne\u017e ta p\u0159edchoz\u00ed. A pr\u00e1v\u011b proto m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nejcenn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed n\u00e1lezu ta, kterou dnes nikdo neopracuje. Ta, kter\u00e1 z\u016fstane. „Mo\u017en\u00e1 v n\u011bm existuj\u00ed informace, na kter\u00e9 dnes je\u0161t\u011b ani neum\u00edme polo\u017eit spr\u00e1vnou ot\u00e1zku,“ \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Noga.<\/p>\n

A kdyby se Noga mohl jednoho z t\u011bchto 6500 let star\u00fdch dub\u016f zeptat, co v\u0161echno za svou existenci za\u017eil? „Zeptal bych se ho, pro\u010d se rozhodl zm\u011bnit pr\u00e1v\u011b moje \u017eivotn\u00ed pl\u00e1ny.“<\/p>\n

reklama<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Les civilizac\u00ed a jeho cesta na Expo 2025. Do \u00d3saky se loni dostalo 133 kmen\u016f,…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":197771,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[11],"tags":[1977,298,514,1976,150,159,1978,3216,23322,1445,1975,54,53,52,177,692],"class_list":["post-197770","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-svet","tag-biodiverzita","tag-cr","tag-doprava","tag-ekologie","tag-energetika","tag-klima","tag-krajina","tag-krajina-a-chranena-uzemi","tag-lesy-a-lesnictvi","tag-priroda","tag-rostliny-a-biodiverzita","tag-svet","tag-world","tag-world-news","tag-zpravodajstvi","tag-zvirata"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/117191863613214012","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/197770","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=197770"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/197770\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/197771"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=197770"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=197770"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=197770"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}