{"id":201110,"date":"2026-09-03T09:10:23","date_gmt":"2026-09-03T09:10:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/201110\/"},"modified":"2026-09-03T09:10:23","modified_gmt":"2026-09-03T09:10:23","slug":"nejen-ledovec-v-nepalu-se-dala-do-pohybu-i-zem-vedci-pomalu-zjistuji-co-se-stalo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/201110\/","title":{"rendered":"Nejen ledovec. V\u00a0Nep\u00e1lu se dala do pohybu i\u00a0zem. V\u011bdci pomalu zji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed, co se stalo"},"content":{"rendered":"

Povode\u0148 v\u00a0Nep\u00e1lu \u0161okovala sv\u011bt sv\u00fdmi rozm\u011bry, rychlost\u00ed a\u00a0m\u00edrou zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 destrukce. Prvn\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00e9 poznatky o\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu a\u00a0vzniku katastrofy nejsou o\u00a0nic m\u00e9n\u011b ohromuj\u00edc\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Povod\u0148ov\u00e1 vlna byla tak obrovsk\u00e1, \u017ee experti u\u017e od za\u010d\u00e1tku pochybuj\u00ed o\u00a0tom, \u017ee ji mohlo zp\u016fsobit \u201ejen\u201c sesunut\u00ed viditeln\u011b odlomen\u00e9ho ledovce, a\u00a0nov\u011b se p\u0159ikl\u00e1n\u011bj\u00ed k\u00a0vysv\u011btlen\u00ed, \u017ee na za\u010d\u00e1tku pohromy se sesunula i\u00a0\u010d\u00e1st hory, na n\u00ed\u017e ledovec sed\u011bl.<\/p>\n

Podle p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho odhadu se v\u00fd\u0161ka \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00edho koridoru v\u00a0hor\u00e1ch zv\u00fd\u0161ila dokonce \u201epr\u016fm\u011brn\u011b o\u00a0v\u00edce ne\u017e 100\u00a0metr\u016f\u201c.<\/p>\n

Je velmi pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee p\u0159i vzniku katastrofy sehr\u00e1lo n\u011bjakou roli t\u00e1n\u00ed. Na druhou stranu je zjevn\u00e9, \u017ee k\u00a0jej\u00edmu \u00fapln\u00e9mu pochopen\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b nem\u00e1me dostatek informac\u00ed. Zat\u00edm toti\u017e ani nen\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b jasn\u00e9, kolik horniny a\u00a0ledu se vlastn\u011b sesunulo a\u00a0jak p\u0159esn\u011b se tento materi\u00e1l p\u0159em\u011bnil na rychle tekouc\u00ed vlnu.<\/p>\n

P\u0159esn\u00e1 poloha konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed hory:<\/p>\n

Sto metr\u016f vysok\u00e1 vlna a\u00a0rychlost 167\u00a0km\/h<\/p>\n

Asi nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a\u00a0nejpodrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pohled na pravd\u011bpodobn\u00fd vznik katastrofy v\u00a0tuto chv\u00edli nab\u00edz\u00ed n\u011bkolikastr\u00e1nkov\u00e1 p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e1 anal\u00fdza satelitn\u00edch sn\u00edmk\u016f<\/a> od skupiny nep\u00e1lsk\u00fdch v\u011bdc\u016f. Hovo\u0159\u00ed o\u00a0ob\u0159\u00edm sesuvu p\u016fdy a\u00a0ledu, kter\u00fd sjel z\u00a0vysok\u00e9 hory do \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00edho koryta a\u00a0cestou je\u0161t\u011b zmohutn\u011bl d\u00edky dodate\u010dn\u011b pohlcen\u00e9mu materi\u00e1lu.<\/p>\n

Nejd\u0159\u00edv se p\u0159itom m\u011blo za to, \u017ee povode\u0148 vyvolalo zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 protrhlo hr\u00e1z n\u011bkter\u00fdch z\u00a0ledovcov\u00fdch jezer. Rychle se nicm\u00e9n\u011b uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee ot\u0159esy nevych\u00e1zely z\u00a0hlubin zem\u011b, ale naopak je zp\u016fsobil pr\u00e1v\u011b a\u017e sesuv gigantick\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed materi\u00e1lu. <\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Druhou variantou bylo vysv\u011btlen\u00ed sesuvem ledovce, kter\u00fd se odlomil z\u00a0hory a\u00a0sjel do \u0159eky, kterou bu\u010f na \u010das p\u0159ehradil a\u00a0nashrom\u00e1\u017edil vodu, nebo obsahoval a\u00a0vzal s\u00a0sebou dostatek materi\u00e1lu s\u00e1m o\u00a0sob\u011b. Tomu nasv\u011bd\u010dovaly prvn\u00ed satelitn\u00ed sn\u00edmky<\/a>, na kter\u00fdch je z\u0159eteln\u011b vid\u011bt prasklina na ledovci a\u00a0pod n\u00edm stopy po povodni. Jen\u017ee u\u017e tehdy mezi experty panovaly pochyby, jestli byl odlomen\u00fd kus ledovce dost velk\u00fd na to, aby mohl zp\u016fsobit takovou spou\u0161\u0165.<\/p>\n

Nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed hypot\u00e9za vych\u00e1z\u00ed podle zpr\u00e1vy rovn\u011b\u017e p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ze satelitn\u00edch sn\u00edmk\u016f, tentokr\u00e1t ale nejen z\u00a0optick\u00fdch, ale i\u00a0z radarov\u00fdch (SAR) syst\u00e9m\u016f, kter\u00e9 dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed \u201evid\u011bt\u201c skrz obla\u010dnost a\u00a0funguj\u00ed i\u00a0v noci. Za \u201ezdroj\u201c katastrofy p\u0159itom zpr\u00e1va neozna\u010duje jen z\u0159eteln\u011b chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st ledovce o\u00a0plo\u0161e asi 0,5\u00a0km\u00b2, ale i\u00a0mnohem \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed oblast o\u00a0rozloze zhruba 10\u00a0km\u00b2 (pro zaj\u00edmavost zde sn\u00edmek<\/a> m\u00edsta po katastrof\u011b).<\/p>\n

Jin\u00fdmi slovy se nov\u011b zd\u00e1, \u017ee ledovec byl jen \u201e\u0161pi\u010dkou ledovce\u201c a\u00a0\u017ee povode\u0148 souvisela s\u00a0rozs\u00e1hlej\u0161\u00edm sesuvem horniny. I\u00a0v n\u011bm p\u0159itom mohla samoz\u0159ejm\u011b hr\u00e1t roli destabilizace zp\u016fsoben\u00e1 t\u00e1n\u00edm ledovce.<\/p>\n

Ohromn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed materi\u00e1lu se podle zpr\u00e1vy bleskov\u011b z\u0159\u00edtilo do \u00fadol\u00ed, kudy prot\u00e9k\u00e1 \u0159eka, a\u00a0cestou s\u00a0sebou bralo dal\u0161\u00ed materi\u00e1l, v\u010detn\u011b ledu, kter\u00fd nejsp\u00ed\u0161 d\u00edky energii z\u00a0t\u0159en\u00ed rychle t\u00e1l. Koryto v\u00a0\u00fadol\u00ed se podle zpr\u00e1vy roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ilo z\u00a0p\u016fvodn\u00edch 100\u00a0a\u017e 300\u00a0metr\u016f na 900\u00a0a\u017e 1300\u00a0metr\u016f, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e proud odplavil dal\u0161\u00ed velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed sedimentu, jen\u017e d\u00e1l je\u0161t\u011b zvy\u0161oval ni\u010div\u00fd potenci\u00e1l vlny.<\/p>\n

Prvn\u00ed \u00fasek od za\u010d\u00e1tku sesuvu do 22\u00a0kilometr\u016f vzd\u00e1len\u00e9ho hrani\u010dn\u00edho p\u0159echodu mezi Nep\u00e1lem a\u00a0\u010c\u00ednou, odkud existuje i\u00a0video z\u00a0\u00favodu \u010dl\u00e1nku, vlna p\u0159ekonala b\u011bhem pouh\u00fdch n\u011bkolika minut od zaznamenan\u00e9ho ot\u0159esu, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 rychlost proudu tady vy\u0161la na 167\u00a0km\/h. Do st\u00e1le je\u0161t\u011b velmi siln\u011b posti\u017een\u00e9ho m\u011bsta Betrawati<\/a> o\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch asi 44\u00a0kilometr\u016f d\u00e1l vlna vl\u00e9tla za dal\u0161\u00edch asi 35\u00a0minut, co\u017e v\u00a0tomto \u00faseku vych\u00e1z\u00ed na rychlost 73\u00a0km\/h.<\/p>\n

V\u011bdci ve zpr\u00e1v\u011b zmi\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00edm klesly hladiny tok\u016f pod \u0159ekou Lhende, kterou \u0161la pozd\u011bji hlavn\u00ed vlna, co\u017e nazna\u010duje, \u017ee mohlo doj\u00edt i\u00a0k zablokov\u00e1n\u00ed koryta a\u00a0akumulaci vody. To se podle nich mohlo d\u00edt i\u00a0b\u011bhem povodn\u011b, ale v\u011bdci upozor\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee detaily jsou v\u00a0t\u00e9to ot\u00e1zce zat\u00edm nejist\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Anal\u00fdza tak\u00e9 uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed koryto se zvedlo i\u00a0o v\u00edce ne\u017e 100\u00a0metr\u016f. P\u0159edstavu, o\u00a0jak\u00fdch rozm\u011brech se bav\u00edme, pom\u016f\u017ee p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eit n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed grafika.<\/p>\n

Foto: Seznam Zpr\u00e1vy<\/p>\n

Podle nep\u00e1lsk\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy se \u0159eka mohla zvednout skoro do stejn\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ky, jako m\u00e1 nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed budova v\u00a0\u010cesku.<\/p>\n

\u00dadaj je pot\u0159eba br\u00e1t s\u00a0rezervou, proto\u017ee jde o\u00a0p\u0159edb\u011b\u017enou zpr\u00e1vu jedin\u00e9 v\u011bdeck\u00e9 skupiny, kter\u00e1 ho nav\u00edc formuluje nejasn\u011b. \u017de m\u011bla vlna nejm\u00e9n\u011b des\u00edtky metr\u016f, je nicm\u00e9n\u011b jasn\u00e9 u\u017e ze z\u00e1b\u011br\u016f ukazuj\u00edc\u00edch spou\u0161\u0165, kterou po sob\u011b zanechala. <\/p>\n

Obna\u017een\u00e9 koryto sice m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt i\u00a0v\u00fd\u0161, ne\u017e tekla voda, proto\u017ee povode\u0148 doprov\u00e1zely sesuvy, ale nap\u0159\u00edklad budova na hrani\u010dn\u00edm p\u0159echodu je cel\u00e1 poh\u0159ben\u00e1 pod nanesen\u00fdm materi\u00e1lem<\/a>, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e vysok\u00e1 byla asi 20\u00a0metr\u016f\u00a0\u2013 a\u00a0nav\u00edc pochopiteln\u011b nest\u00e1la v\u00a0\u00farovni \u0159eky, ale kus nad n\u00ed. Jak to na m\u00edst\u011b vypadalo, kdy\u017e \u0159eka nebyla rozvodn\u011bn\u00e1, ukazuje nap\u0159\u00edklad tato star\u0161\u00ed fotografie<\/a>. Tamn\u00ed most mimochodem u\u017e loni strhla jin\u00e1 povode\u0148<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Extr\u00e9m, nebo ochutn\u00e1vka?<\/p>\n

Stejn\u00fd n\u00e1zor na vznik katastrofy jako skupina nep\u00e1lsk\u00fdch v\u011bdc\u016f vyj\u00e1d\u0159ili v\u00a0posledn\u00edch dnech i\u00a0n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed zahrani\u010dn\u00ed experti<\/a>, ale neztr\u00e1cejme z\u00a0mysli, \u017ee jde teprve o\u00a0prvn\u00ed p\u0159edb\u011b\u017enou zpr\u00e1vu. Sami auto\u0159i v\u00a0n\u00ed nav\u00edc uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed, \u017ee p\u0159esn\u00e1 p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina vzniku bude \u201ep\u0159edm\u011btem dal\u0161\u00edho vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c.<\/p>\n

Mohlo by se zd\u00e1t, \u017ee v\u00a0dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b, kdy jsou dostupn\u00e9 kvalitn\u00ed a\u00a0rychl\u00e9 satelitn\u00ed sn\u00edmky, bude vznik tak obrovsk\u00e9 katastrofy jasn\u00fd b\u011bhem chv\u00edle, jen\u017ee je to slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Je sice dost mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee v\u00fd\u0161e vyl\u00ed\u010den\u00e9 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed je u\u017e fin\u00e1ln\u00ed a\u00a0nebude se d\u00e1l m\u011bnit. Nejde u\u017e o\u00a0pouh\u00e9 domn\u011bnky, ale o\u00a0v\u00fdsledek n\u011bkolikadenn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce renomovan\u00fdch expert\u016f. N\u00e1sledovat by ale m\u011bla je\u0161t\u011b mnohem podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed anal\u00fdza dal\u0161\u00edch sn\u00edmk\u016f a\u00a0pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b i\u00a0dodate\u010dn\u00e9 sn\u00edmkov\u00e1n\u00ed cel\u00e9 oblasti. <\/p>\n

C\u00edlem nejsp\u00ed\u0161 bude d\u00e1t dohromady detailn\u00ed model lokality p\u0159ed a\u00a0po ud\u00e1losti i\u00a0s v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fdmi profily, ze kter\u00e9ho bude mo\u017en\u00e9 ud\u011blat spolehliv\u00fd odhad, kolik materi\u00e1lu se kde dalo do pohybu. Zat\u00edm nep\u00e1l\u0161t\u00ed v\u011bdci odhaduj\u00ed, \u017ee lavina m\u011bla 100\u00a0a\u017e 200\u00a0milion\u016f m3, ale jde o\u00a0p\u0159iznan\u011b hodn\u011b hrub\u00fd odhad.<\/p>\n

Je vysoce pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee k\u00a0sesuvu n\u011bjakou m\u011brou p\u0159isp\u011blo t\u00e1n\u00ed ledu nebo permafrostu ve svahu. Jak moc a\u00a0do jak\u00e9 m\u00edry to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee podobn\u011b devastuj\u00edc\u00ed ud\u00e1losti m\u016f\u017eeme v\u00a0budoucnu \u010dekat \u010dast\u011bji, ale nezjist\u00edme d\u0159\u00edv, ne\u017e v\u011bdci dostanou do rukou v\u00edce informac\u00ed a\u00a0dat.<\/p>\n

Nep\u00e1l\u0161t\u00ed auto\u0159i prvn\u00ed p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy p\u0159esto nev\u00e1hali do z\u00e1v\u011bru zd\u016fraznit, \u017ee Himal\u00e1je v\u00a0dob\u011b pokro\u010dil\u00e9 zm\u011bny klimatu pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ochranu i\u00a0monitoring, kter\u00fd by mohl pomoci p\u0159\u00edpadnou dal\u0161\u00ed pohromu odhalit d\u0159\u00edve. <\/p>\n

T\u011b\u017eko jim to p\u0159itom vy\u010d\u00edtat. Zat\u00edm sice p\u0159esn\u011b nev\u00edme, jestli Nep\u00e1l za\u017eil v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fd extr\u00e9m, nebo zda jsme naopak vid\u011bli za\u010d\u00e1tek nov\u00e9ho \u0161ir\u0161\u00edho trendu zp\u016fsoben\u00e9ho zm\u011bnou klimatu, ale na druhou stranu m\u00e1me\u00a0naprostou jistotu, \u017ee ledovce taj\u00ed, a\u00a0to s\u00a0sebou nese celou \u0159adu rizik.<\/p>\n

A o\u00a0t\u011bch horsk\u00fdch to ostatn\u011b plat\u00ed obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165, proto\u017ee ty taj\u00ed nejrychleji.<\/p>\n

Foto: Seznam Zpr\u00e1vy<\/p>\n

Nejrychleji taj\u00ed ledovce v\u00a0Evrop\u011b.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Povode\u0148 v\u00a0Nep\u00e1lu \u0161okovala sv\u011bt sv\u00fdmi rozm\u011bry, rychlost\u00ed a\u00a0m\u00edrou zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 destrukce. Prvn\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00e9 poznatky o\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu a\u00a0vzniku katastrofy nejsou o\u00a0nic…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":201111,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[10],"tags":[17,26211,21,13017,16,2994,44769,18,19,22,20],"class_list":["post-201110","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-zpravy","tag-headlines","tag-himalaj","tag-hlavni-udalosti","tag-ledovce","tag-news","tag-planeta-a-klima","tag-povodne-v-nepalu","tag-top-news","tag-top-stories","tag-udalosti-dne","tag-zpravy"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/117206334294977800","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/201110","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=201110"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/201110\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/201111"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=201110"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=201110"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=201110"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}