{"id":205529,"date":"2026-09-07T09:39:11","date_gmt":"2026-09-07T09:39:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/205529\/"},"modified":"2026-09-07T09:39:11","modified_gmt":"2026-09-07T09:39:11","slug":"na-jiznim-polu-saturnu-se-neco-probudilo-nasa-sleduje-zahadny-utvar-ktery-stale-nabyva-na-sile-aktualne-cz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/205529\/","title":{"rendered":"Na ji\u017en\u00edm p\u00f3lu Saturnu se n\u011bco probudilo. NASA sleduje z\u00e1hadn\u00fd \u00fatvar, kter\u00fd st\u00e1le nab\u00fdv\u00e1 na s\u00edle \u2013 Aktu\u00e1ln\u011b.cz"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nad ji\u017en\u00edm p\u00f3lem Saturnu se r\u00fdsuje ob\u0159\u00ed desetistrann\u00fd obrazec. Tvo\u0159\u00ed ho atmosf\u00e9rick\u00e1 vlna uvnit\u0159 jednoho z mohutn\u00fdch tryskov\u00fdch proud\u016f planety a podle sou\u010dasn\u00fdch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed se st\u00e1le vyv\u00edj\u00ed. Hubble\u016fv vesm\u00edrn\u00fd dalekohled zachytil jej\u00ed prvn\u00ed nen\u00e1padn\u00e9 zn\u00e1mky u\u017e v roce 2023, v dal\u0161\u00edch letech pak struktura zes\u00edlila a z\u00edskala v\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed podobu.<\/p>\n

Astronomy p\u0159ekvapila hlavn\u011b podobnost se slavn\u00fdm \u0161esti\u00faheln\u00edkem kolem severn\u00edho p\u00f3lu Saturnu. Ten sondy Voyager spat\u0159ily u\u017e v 80. letech a v\u011bdci ho sleduj\u00ed d\u00e9le ne\u017e 40 let. Ji\u017en\u00ed dekagon v\u0161ak vypad\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed a z\u00e1rove\u0148 m\u00e9n\u011b stabiln\u00ed. Jedin\u00e1 jeho strana m\u011b\u0159\u00ed p\u0159es 16 700 kilometr\u016f.<\/p>\n

\"\u00datvar<\/p>\n

\u00datvar ozna\u010dovan\u00fd jako \u201edekagon\u201c se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v jednom z mohutn\u00fdch tryskov\u00fdch proud\u016f planety p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b na 63. stupni ji\u017en\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159ky. Pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed v r\u016fzn\u00fdch vlnov\u00fdch d\u00e9lk\u00e1ch odhaluj\u00ed jeho podobu v odli\u0161n\u00fdch v\u00fd\u0161k\u00e1ch atmosf\u00e9ry. Hubble uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee dekagon existoval u\u017e v roce 2023 a v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch letech postupn\u011b zes\u00edlil.Foto: NASA, ESA, STScI, Agustin S\u00e1nchez-Lavega (UPV), Amy Simon (NASA-GSFC), Michael Wong (UC Berkeley); Image Processing: Alyssa Pagan \u2013 Space Telescope Science Institute Office of Public Outreach<\/p>\n

\u201e\u201aJedine\u010dn\u00fd\u2018 \u0161esti\u00faheln\u00edk nen\u00ed tak mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fd, jak jsme si mysleli,\u201c uvedl hlavn\u00ed autor studie <\/a>Agust\u00edn S\u00e1nchez-Lavega z Baskick\u00e9 univerzity. Pr\u00e1v\u011b porovn\u00e1n\u00ed obou struktur m\u016f\u017ee podle n\u011bj v\u011bdc\u016fm napov\u011bd\u011bt v\u00edc o proud\u011bn\u00ed a po\u010das\u00ed v atmosf\u00e9r\u00e1ch ob\u0159\u00edch plynn\u00fdch planet.<\/p>\n

Nov\u00fd \u00fatvar p\u0159itom dlouho unikal lidsk\u00e9 pozornosti. Sonda Cassini, kter\u00e1 Saturn ob\u00edhala mezi lety 2004 a 2017, \u017e\u00e1dnou dlouhodobou strukturu tohoto typu na jihu \u0161est\u00e9 planety Slune\u010dn\u00ed soustavy nezachytila. V n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch letech nav\u00edc Saturn nato\u010dil ji\u017en\u00ed p\u00f3l od Zem\u011b, tak\u017ee astronomov\u00e9 oblast nemohli po\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b sledovat. Jakmile sezonn\u00ed zm\u011bny umo\u017enily lep\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdhled, za\u010dali si pozorovatel\u00e9 v pozemsk\u00fdch sn\u00edmc\u00edch v\u0161\u00edmat zvln\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u00e1su. Hubble pak potvrdil, \u017ee struktura existovala u\u017e v roce 2023.<\/p>\n

\u201ePro\u010d pr\u00e1v\u011b te\u010f?\u201c<\/p>\n

\u201eNa ji\u017en\u00ed polokouli Saturnu jsme nikdy nic takov\u00e9ho nevid\u011bli,\u201c uvedla spoluautorka studie Amy Simonov\u00e1 z Goddardova st\u0159ediska. \u201eSevern\u00ed \u0161esti\u00faheln\u00edk tam vid\u00edme poka\u017ed\u00e9, kdy\u017e se pod\u00edv\u00e1me, u\u017e p\u0159es 40 let. Tento \u00fatvar se v\u0161ak chov\u00e1 jinak. Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee s\u00edl\u00ed, tak\u017ee m\u00e1me vz\u00e1cnou p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost sledovat v\u00fdvoj ob\u0159\u00edho atmosf\u00e9rick\u00e9ho vzorce.\u201c<\/p>\n

Hubble nav\u00edc sledoval dekagon v n\u011bkolika vlnov\u00fdch d\u00e9lk\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed nahl\u00ed\u017eet do r\u016fzn\u00fdch v\u00fd\u0161ek Saturnovy atmosf\u00e9ry. V\u00fdsledky ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee struktura nepat\u0159\u00ed jen k horn\u00ed vrstv\u011b oblak\u016f, ale sah\u00e1 vertik\u00e1ln\u011b p\u0159es v\u00edce atmosf\u00e9rick\u00fdch vrstev. Vlna se soust\u0159e\u010fuje p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b kolem 63. stupn\u011b ji\u017en\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159ky.<\/p>\n

Na v\u00fdzkumu se pod\u00edlel tak\u00e9 Leigh Fletcher z Leicestersk\u00e9 univerzity. Pomoc\u00ed teleskopu Evropsk\u00e9 ji\u017en\u00ed observato\u0159e v Chile m\u011b\u0159il proud\u011bn\u00ed uvnit\u0159 oblasti. \u201eSaturn n\u00e1s st\u00e1le dok\u00e1\u017ee p\u0159ekvapovat,\u201c shrnul.<\/p>\n

V\u011bdci zat\u00edm nedok\u00e1\u017eou vysv\u011btlit, pro\u010d se dekagon objevil pr\u00e1v\u011b nyn\u00ed ani jak dlouho vydr\u017e\u00ed. S\u00e1nchez-Lavega p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 tak\u00e9 Jupiter, jeho\u017e pol\u00e1rn\u00ed cyklony vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed polygon\u00e1ln\u00ed uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed. Podobnost podle n\u011bj m\u016f\u017ee napov\u011bd\u011bt, zda na obou planet\u00e1ch p\u016fsob\u00ed p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9 fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed mechanismy.<\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed Hubbleova dalekohledu a teleskopu Jamese Webba maj\u00ed uk\u00e1zat, zda se dekagon postupn\u011b ust\u00e1l\u00ed podobn\u011b jako severn\u00ed \u0161esti\u00faheln\u00edk, nebo se naopak rozpadne. V\u00fdznamnou roli budou hr\u00e1t tak\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 modely atmosf\u00e9rick\u00e9ho proud\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u201eNejv\u00edc m\u011b fascinuje, \u017ee tento \u00fatvar podle v\u0161eho vznikl teprve ned\u00e1vno,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Simonov\u00e1. \u201eOt\u00e1zka ale zn\u00ed: pro\u010d pr\u00e1v\u011b te\u010f, kdy\u017e jsme ho nikdy d\u0159\u00edve nevid\u011bli?\u201c<\/p>\n

Dlouhodob\u00e9 sledov\u00e1n\u00ed Saturnu tak z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdznam. Program OPAL pomoc\u00ed Hubbleova teleskopu fotografuje vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed planety ka\u017ed\u00fd rok a v\u011bdc\u016fm dovoluje sledovat prom\u011bny, kter\u00e9 by p\u0159i jednotliv\u00fdch n\u00e1hodn\u00fdch pozorov\u00e1n\u00edch snadno unikly. \u201e\u0158ada objev\u016f z programu OPAL nevych\u00e1z\u00ed z jednoho sn\u00edmku, ale z mnohalet\u00e9ho procesu z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed dat,\u201c upozornil spoluautor studie Mike Wong z Kalifornsk\u00e9 univerzity v Berkeley.<\/p>\n

VIDEO: V\u011bdci NASA p\u0159ipravili speci\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdzkum, kter\u00fd zkoumal pohyb a reakci horn\u00edch vrstev atmosf\u00e9ry<\/p>\n

Zdroj: Science Advances<\/a>, NASA<\/a>, ESA\u00a0<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Nad ji\u017en\u00edm p\u00f3lem Saturnu se r\u00fdsuje ob\u0159\u00ed desetistrann\u00fd obrazec. Tvo\u0159\u00ed ho atmosf\u00e9rick\u00e1 vlna uvnit\u0159 jednoho z mohutn\u00fdch tryskov\u00fdch…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":205530,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[13],"tags":[74,73,78,75,77,76,1540],"class_list":["post-205529","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-veda-a-technika","tag-science","tag-science-technology","tag-technika","tag-technology","tag-veda","tag-veda-a-technika","tag-vesmir"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/117229097536956982","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/205529","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=205529"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/205529\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/205530"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=205529"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=205529"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=205529"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}