{"id":21868,"date":"2026-03-12T09:29:10","date_gmt":"2026-03-12T09:29:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/21868\/"},"modified":"2026-03-12T09:29:10","modified_gmt":"2026-03-12T09:29:10","slug":"dobra-zprava-pro-mesic-asteroid-2024-yr4-do-nej-nenarazi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/21868\/","title":{"rendered":"Dobr\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va pro M\u011bs\u00edc. Asteroid 2024\u00a0YR4\u00a0do n\u011bj nenaraz\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nov\u00e1 vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed ESA<\/a> a\u00a0NASA<\/a> z\u00a05.\u00a0b\u0159ezna sr\u00e1\u017eku asteroidu s\u00a0M\u011bs\u00edcem vylu\u010duj\u00ed. Pr\u016flet v\u00a0roce 2032\u00a0v\u0161ak bude ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pro studium, jak M\u011bs\u00edc gravita\u010dn\u011b ovliv\u0148uje podobn\u00e1 mal\u00e1 t\u011blesa.<\/p>\n

Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed roli sehr\u00e1l vesm\u00edrn\u00fd dalekohled Jamese Webba (JWST). Tento v\u00fdkonn\u00fd a\u00a0citliv\u00fd dalekohled pozoroval asteroid<\/a> v\u00a0\u00fanoru 2026\u00a0v\u00a0infra\u010derven\u00e9m oboru, kdy byl u\u017e pro v\u011bt\u0161inu pozemn\u00edch dalekohled\u016f p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 slab\u00fd. Webb\u016fv dalekohled jej pozoroval 18.\u00a0a\u00a026.\u00a0\u00fanora 2026\u00a0pomoc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstroje NIRCam (Near-Infrared Camera). Astronomov\u00e9 pak p\u0159esn\u011b zm\u011b\u0159ili jeho polohu v\u016f\u010di zn\u00e1m\u00fdm hv\u011bzd\u00e1m na pozad\u00ed oblohy.<\/p>\n

\u2604\ufe0f Asteroid 2024 YR4 will not impact the Moon in 2032!<\/p>\n

New observations from the NASA\/ESA\/CSA James Webb Space Telescope have confirmed that the object will pass safely at a distance of more than 20 000 km.<\/p>\n

This result was made possible by a close collaboration between ESA\u2019s\u2026 pic.twitter.com\/DyQvzchrhd<\/a><\/p>\n

\u2014 European Space Agency (@esa) March 6, 2026<\/a><\/p>\n

P\u0159esn\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed jeho polohy umo\u017enila v\u011bdc\u016fm v\u00fdrazn\u011b zp\u0159esnit v\u00fdpo\u010dty budouc\u00ed dr\u00e1hy. V\u00fdsledek je jasn\u00fd: v\u00a0roce 2032\u00a0asteroid kolem M\u011bs\u00edce pouze prolet\u00ed. Podle port\u00e1lu Space.com<\/a> se o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee mine m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed povrch asi o\u00a021\u00a0200\u00a0kilometr\u016f, co\u017e je z\u00a0astronomick\u00e9ho hlediska pom\u011brn\u011b mal\u00e1 vzd\u00e1lenost, ale st\u00e1le bezpe\u010dn\u00e1.<\/p>\n

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Zemi p\u0159itom mine v\u00a0je\u0161t\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenosti 278\u00a0000\u00a0km.<\/p>\n

Mal\u00fd asteroid, velk\u00e1 pozornost<\/p>\n

Asteroid 2024\u00a0YR4<\/a>\u00a0byl objeven 27.\u00a0prosince 2024\u00a0v\u00a0r\u00e1mci automatick\u00fdch p\u0159ehl\u00eddek oblohy. Postaral se o\u00a0to dalekohled syst\u00e9mu ATLAS (Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System) um\u00edst\u011bn\u00fd v\u00a0chilsk\u00e9m Rio Hurtadu. Asteroid pat\u0159\u00ed mezi bl\u00edzkozemn\u00ed planetky, tedy vesm\u00edrn\u00e1 t\u011blesa, jejich\u017e dr\u00e1hy se p\u0159ibli\u017euj\u00ed k\u00a0ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze Zem\u011b na m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 45\u00a0milion\u016f km. Jeho pr\u016fm\u011br se odhaduje zhruba na 50\u201370\u00a0metr\u016f a\u00a0jeden ob\u011bh kolem Slunce mu trv\u00e1 o\u00a0trochu m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e \u010dty\u0159i roky.<\/p>\n

Takto mal\u00e9 t\u011bleso by sice p\u0159i dopadu na Zemi nep\u0159edstavovalo glob\u00e1ln\u00ed katastrofu, ale mohlo by p\u0159esto zp\u016fsobit v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 region\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0161kody. Proto se podobn\u00fdm t\u011bles\u016fm tak\u00e9 p\u0159ezd\u00edv\u00e1 \u201ezabij\u00e1k m\u011bst\u201c a\u00a0je jim v\u011bnov\u00e1na velk\u00e1 pozornost. V\u00a0prvn\u00edch t\u00fddnech po objevu se asteroid dokonce kr\u00e1tce objevil i\u00a0na seznamu rizikov\u00fdch t\u011bles, sledovan\u00fdch v\u00a0r\u00e1mci syst\u00e9mu planet\u00e1rn\u00ed obrany.<\/p>\n

Foto: NotebookLM, Pavel Vachtl<\/p>\n

Profil tzv. zabij\u00e1ka m\u011bst<\/p>\n

Postupem \u010dasu (zhruba p\u0159ed rokem) se v\u0161ak uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee Zemi neohro\u017euje. Pozornost se pak p\u0159esunula k\u00a0mo\u017enosti z\u00e1sahu M\u011bs\u00edce v\u00a0prosinci 2032, kter\u00e1 se v\u00a0tehdej\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdpo\u010dtech objevila s\u00a0pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed a\u017e kolem \u010dty\u0159 procent, jak p\u0159ipomn\u011bl magaz\u00edn Sky & Telescope<\/a>. Nov\u00e1 data z\u00a0JWST z\u00a0\u00fanora tohoto roku v\u0161ak na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed i\u00a0tuto variantu sr\u00e1\u017eky definitivn\u011b vylou\u010dila.<\/p>\n

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Neuvid\u00edme tedy na povrchu M\u011bs\u00edce \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd oh\u0148ostroj o\u00a0zd\u00e1nliv\u00e9 jasnosti planety Venu\u0161e a\u00a0s energi\u00ed siln\u00e9 vod\u00edkov\u00e9 bomby, nevznikne tam nov\u00fd kr\u00e1ter o\u00a0velikosti zhruba 500\u20132000\u00a0metr\u016f v\u00a0pr\u016fm\u011bru a\u00a0100\u00a0000\u00a0tun m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edho materi\u00e1lu nebude vymr\u0161t\u011bno do v\u00fd\u0161ky, jak se podle serveru Live Science<\/a> p\u016fvodn\u011b p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dalo.<\/p>\n

Foto: NotebookLM, Pavel Vachtl<\/p>\n

Do hry vstoupil teleskop Jamese Webba.<\/p>\n

D\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd pr\u016flet v\u00a0roce 2028<\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00fd okam\u017eik p\u0159ijde 17.\u00a0prosince 2028, kdy planetka znovu relativn\u011b bl\u00edzko mine Zemi. Tehdy se k\u00a0n\u00e1m p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed asi na vzd\u00e1lenost osmi milion\u016f kilometr\u016f, tedy na v\u00edce ne\u017e dvacetin\u00e1sobek vzd\u00e1lenosti M\u011bs\u00edce od Zem\u011b.<\/p>\n

Z hlediska bezpe\u010dnosti je to velmi komfortn\u00ed odstup. Pro astronomy ale p\u016fjde o\u00a0mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b cennou p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost k\u00a0pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed. Asteroid bude mnohem jasn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e dnes a\u00a0bude ho mo\u017en\u00e9 sledovat velk\u00fdmi pozemn\u00edmi observato\u0159emi i\u00a0vesm\u00edrn\u00fdmi teleskopy.<\/p>\n

Nov\u00e1 aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce zp\u0159esn\u00ed jeho dr\u00e1hu, to by ale u\u017e nem\u011blo zm\u011bnit sou\u010dasn\u00fd verdikt, \u017ee asteroid 2024\u00a0YR4 22.\u00a0prosince 2032\u00a0mine jak Zemi, tak M\u011bs\u00edc.<\/p>\n

<\/a>M\u016f\u017ee tento pr\u016flet n\u011bjak podstatn\u011b zm\u011bnit dr\u00e1hu t\u011blesa?<\/p>\n

P\u0159i pr\u016fletu kolem planety m\u016f\u017ee jej\u00ed gravitace dr\u00e1hu asteroid\u016f obecn\u011b vych\u00fdlit, v\u011bt\u0161inou jen trochu zm\u011bn\u00ed velikost a\u00a0sm\u011br jej\u00ed rychlosti, jak vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 z\u00a0lo\u0148sk\u00e9 odborn\u00e9 studie<\/a>. U\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch asteroid\u016f v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee bl\u00edzk\u00e9 setk\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0planetou zm\u011bnit jejich dr\u00e1hu pom\u011brn\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u011b.<\/p>\n

Av\u0161ak v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b 2024\u00a0YR4\u00a0bude jeho pr\u016flet kolem Zem\u011b v\u00a0roce 2028\u00a0dostate\u010dn\u011b vzd\u00e1len\u00fd, tak\u017ee zm\u011bna dr\u00e1hy bude pouze mal\u00e1, uv\u00e1d\u00ed nov\u00e1 studie v\u00a0odborn\u00e9m \u010dasopise The Journal of the Astronautical Sciences<\/a>.<\/p>\n

P\u0159esto ji astronomov\u00e9 i\u00a0po tomto vzd\u00e1len\u011bj\u0161\u00edm pr\u016fletu znovu pe\u010dliv\u011b prom\u011b\u0159\u00ed a\u00a0zp\u0159esn\u00ed tak p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f dal\u0161\u00ed dr\u00e1hy, proto\u017ee i\u00a0drobn\u00e9 odchylky mohou v\u00a0dlouhodob\u00fdch p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00edch postupn\u011b nar\u016fstat.<\/p>\n

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Mnohem zaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed bude situace v\u00a0prosinci 2032, kdy se asteroid p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed k\u00a0syst\u00e9mu Zem\u011b\u2013M\u011bs\u00edc mnohem v\u00edce a\u00a0jeho dr\u00e1ha bude ob\u011bma t\u011blesy ovlivn\u011bna v\u00fdrazn\u011bji, co\u017e by mohlo charakter dal\u0161\u00edch na\u0161ich setk\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0t\u00edmto \u201eneposedn\u00fdm\u201c asteroidem podstatn\u011b zm\u011bnit.<\/p>\n

Foto: NotebookLM, Pavel Vachtl<\/p>\n

Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed planet\u00e1rn\u00ed obrana v\u00a0akci<\/p>\n

Zat\u00edm v\u0161ak nev\u00edme jak. Mus\u00edme si proto zat\u00edm po\u010dkat na data, kter\u00e1 se astronom\u016fm poda\u0159\u00ed z\u00edskat pr\u00e1v\u011b a\u017e na p\u0159elomu let 2032\u201333.<\/p>\n

Uk\u00e1zka modern\u00ed planet\u00e1rn\u00ed obrany<\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh planetky 2024\u00a0YR4\u00a0dob\u0159e ukazuje, jak dnes funguje sledov\u00e1n\u00ed potenci\u00e1ln\u011b nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch objekt\u016f ve Slune\u010dn\u00ed soustav\u011b. Automatick\u00e9 p\u0159ehl\u00eddky oblohy objev\u00ed nov\u00e9 t\u011bleso, mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165 observato\u0159\u00ed za\u010dne rychle zp\u0159es\u0148ovat jeho dr\u00e1hu a\u00a0v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pot\u0159eby se zapoj\u00ed i\u00a0nejv\u00fdkonn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstroje.<\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1v\u011b kombinace pozemn\u00edch teleskop\u016f a\u00a0kosmick\u00fdch observato\u0159\u00ed, jako je James Webb Space Telescope<\/a>, umo\u017enila zp\u0159esnit dr\u00e1hu tohoto slab\u00e9ho asteroidu natolik, \u017ee dnes s\u00a0velkou jistotou v\u00edme, \u017ee v\u00a0roce 2032\u00a0tento asteroid nezas\u00e1hne Zemi ani M\u011bs\u00edc. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 jde o\u00a0d\u016fkaz, \u017ee sou\u010dasn\u00e1 astronomie dok\u00e1\u017ee sledovat i\u00a0pom\u011brn\u011b mal\u00e9 objekty na miliony kilometr\u016f daleko\u00a0\u2013 a\u00a0v\u010das ur\u010dit, zda p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00e9 nebezpe\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n

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