{"id":28312,"date":"2026-03-18T13:38:10","date_gmt":"2026-03-18T13:38:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/28312\/"},"modified":"2026-03-18T13:38:10","modified_gmt":"2026-03-18T13:38:10","slug":"vedra-mrazy-blizzardy-i-tornada-usa-ovladlo-divoke-pocasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/28312\/","title":{"rendered":"Vedra, mrazy, blizzardy i\u00a0torn\u00e1da. USA ovl\u00e1dlo divok\u00e9 po\u010das\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

P\u0159i pohledu na mapy proud\u011bn\u00ed ve vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch vrstv\u00e1ch atmosf\u00e9ry je p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina z\u0159ejm\u00e1. Tryskov\u00e9 proud\u011bn\u00ed se na za\u010d\u00e1tku t\u00fddne v\u00fdrazn\u011b zvlnilo a\u00a0p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 meandruj\u00edc\u00ed \u0159eku. Dominantn\u00edm prvkem je hlubok\u00e1 br\u00e1zda nad st\u0159edn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Severn\u00ed Ameriky.<\/p>\n

V takov\u00fdch situac\u00edch zesiluje meridion\u00e1ln\u00ed (severoji\u017en\u00ed) proud\u011bn\u00ed u\u00a0zemsk\u00e9ho povrchu. To umo\u017e\u0148uje rychl\u00fd transport vzduchov\u00fdch hmot mezi r\u016fzn\u00fdmi zem\u011bpisn\u00fdmi \u0161\u00ed\u0159kami a\u00a0p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 teplotn\u00ed i\u00a0pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed kontrasty nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d kontinentem.<\/p>\n

Pro severn\u00ed a\u00a0v\u00fdchodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st USA to znamen\u00e1 n\u00e1vrat zimn\u00edho charakteru po\u010das\u00ed. Pod br\u00e1zdou tryskov\u00e9ho proud\u011bn\u00ed se vytvo\u0159ila hlubok\u00e1 tlakov\u00e1 n\u00ed\u017ee, kter\u00e1 p\u0159inesla kombinaci nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch meteorologick\u00fdch jev\u016f i\u00a0v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 ochlazen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Blizzardy i\u00a0torn\u00e1da v\u00a0jedn\u00e9 bou\u0159i<\/p>\n

Na severu, v\u00a0chladn\u00e9m sektoru bou\u0159e, zas\u00e1hla oblast Velk\u00fdch jezer a\u00a0severn\u00edch pl\u00e1n\u00ed kombinace hust\u00e9ho sn\u011b\u017een\u00ed a\u00a0siln\u00e9ho v\u011btru. Neobvykl\u00e9 b\u0159eznov\u00e9 blizzardy p\u0159inesly v\u00a0okol\u00ed Ho\u0159ej\u0161\u00edho jezera v\u00edce ne\u017e metr sn\u011bhu<\/a> a\u00a0na \u0159ad\u011b m\u00edst i\u00a0rekordn\u00ed sn\u011b\u017een\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00a0Green Bay ve Wisconsinu naposledy takto sn\u011b\u017eilo v\u00a019.\u00a0stolet\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u203c\ufe0fAbsolutely crazy amounts of snow in northern Michigan (Upper Peninsula) \ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf8\u203c\ufe0f\ud83d\ude43<\/p>\n

\u2744\ufe0f 52.0″\/132.1 cm Round Lake
\u2744\ufe0f 48.5″\/123.2 cm Cusino Lake
\u2744\ufe0f 45.0″\/114.3 cm Herman
\u2744\ufe0f 42.5″\/108.0 cm Forest Lake
\u2744\ufe0f 40.0″\/101.6 cm Three Lakes#MIwx<\/a> @TomNiziol<\/a> @NWSMarquette<\/a> pic.twitter.com\/mv0nNi4Qem<\/a><\/p>\n

\u2014 Thierry Goose (@ThierryGooseBC) March 17, 2026<\/a><\/p>\n

Ji\u017en\u011b od st\u0159edu tlakov\u00e9 n\u00ed\u017ee se nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d USA a\u017e k\u00a0Mexick\u00e9mu z\u00e1livu prohnala v\u00fdrazn\u00e1 studen\u00e1 fronta. Na jej\u00edm \u010dele vznikla linie siln\u00fdch bou\u0159ek doprov\u00e1zen\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edvalov\u00fdmi sr\u00e1\u017ekami, n\u00e1razy v\u011btru, krupobit\u00edm i\u00a0n\u011bkolika torn\u00e1dy.<\/p>\n

D\u016fsledky bou\u0159e<\/a> byly rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9. Bez elekt\u0159iny z\u016fstalo v\u00edce ne\u017e p\u016fl milionu lid\u00ed a\u00a0zru\u0161eno bylo t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 p\u011bt tis\u00edc let\u016f. Situace z\u00e1rove\u0148 uk\u00e1zala, jak extr\u00e9mn\u011b prom\u011bnliv\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt po\u010das\u00ed v\u00a0USA a\u00a0v r\u00e1mci jedn\u00e9 bou\u0159e se mohou kombinovat zimn\u00ed i\u00a0letn\u00ed projevy.<\/p>\n

Bou\u0159e p\u0159inesla tak\u00e9 v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 ochlazen\u00ed. V\u00a0\u00fater\u00fd r\u00e1no klesly teploty u\u00a0hranic s\u00a0Kanadou t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 k \u221230\u00a0\u00b0C a\u00a0mrazy zas\u00e1hly v\u00edce ne\u017e 180\u00a0milion\u016f obyvatel. Pokles byl nav\u00edc mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b rychl\u00fd. Nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00a0Austinu v\u00a0Texasu spadla teplota b\u011bhem 16\u00a0hodin z\u00a036\u00a0\u00b0C na 3\u00a0\u00b0C, co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje m\u00edstn\u00ed rekord.<\/p>\n

A\u017e 20\u00a0stup\u0148\u016f nad pr\u016fm\u011brem<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1padn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f naopak ovliv\u0148uje mohutn\u00e1 tlakov\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161e spojen\u00e1 s\u00a0v\u00fdrazn\u00fdm v\u00fdb\u011b\u017ekem tryskov\u00e9ho proud\u011bn\u00ed sm\u011brem na sever. V\u00a0jej\u00edm r\u00e1mci se vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed tzv. tepeln\u00e1 kupole, kter\u00e1 p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed rekordn\u00ed vlnu veder.<\/p>\n

Vysok\u00e9 teploty panuj\u00ed u\u017e od konce t\u00fddne v\u00a0oblasti jihoz\u00e1padu, zejm\u00e9na v\u00a0okol\u00ed Los Angeles, a\u00a0postupn\u011b se roz\u0161i\u0159uj\u00ed d\u00e1le na sever a\u00a0v\u00fdchod, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e tepeln\u00e1 kupole je\u0161t\u011b s\u00edl\u00ed. B\u011bhem tohoto t\u00fddne se tak budou teploty m\u00edsty pohybovat a\u017e o\u00a020\u00a0\u00b0C nad dlouhodob\u00fdm pr\u016fm\u011brem.<\/p>\n

Foto: Tropical Tidbits<\/p>\n

V\u00fdrazn\u00fd teplotn\u00ed kontrast mezi z\u00e1padem a\u00a0v\u00fdchodem USA v\u00a0\u00fater\u00fd 17.\u00a0b\u0159ezna<\/p>\n

Teplota v\u00a0kalifornsk\u00fdch \u00fadol\u00edch Coachella Valley a\u00a0Death Valley m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159ekro\u010dit 45\u00a0\u00b0C. To by znamenalo p\u0159ekon\u00e1n\u00ed nejen b\u0159eznov\u00e9ho, ale i\u00a0dubnov\u00e9ho n\u00e1rodn\u00edho rekordu. Podle N\u00e1rodn\u00ed meteorologick\u00e9 slu\u017eby<\/a> m\u016f\u017ee po\u010das\u00ed p\u0159episovat rekordy ve v\u00edce ne\u017e polovin\u011b zem\u011b.<\/p>\n

Ani Alja\u0161ka a\u00a0Havaj nejsou u\u0161et\u0159eny<\/p>\n

Extr\u00e9my se nevyh\u00fdbaj\u00ed ani odlehl\u00fdm \u010d\u00e1stem USA. Na Alja\u0161ce panuj\u00ed u\u017e n\u011bkolik t\u00fddn\u016f mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b n\u00edzk\u00e9 teploty, m\u00edsty a\u017e o\u00a020\u00a0\u00b0C pod norm\u00e1lem. Na \u0159ad\u011b m\u00edst v\u010detn\u011b druh\u00e9ho nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho m\u011bsta Fairbanks nam\u011b\u0159ili teploty pod -40\u00a0\u00b0C<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Je\u0161t\u011b extr\u00e9mn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed panuje na Havajsk\u00fdch ostrovech, p\u0159es kter\u00e9 se v\u00a0posledn\u00edch dnech prohnala sez\u00f3nn\u00ed tlakov\u00e1 n\u00ed\u017ee Kona. Kv\u016fli jej\u00edm dopad\u016fm vyhl\u00e1sily \u00fa\u0159ady stav nouze<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Souostrov\u00ed \u010delilo intenzivn\u00edm de\u0161\u0165\u016fm spojen\u00fdm s\u00a0atmosf\u00e9rickou \u0159ekou a\u00a0rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdm z\u00e1plav\u00e1m. Na stanici Kula spadlo 1127\u00a0milimetr\u016f sr\u00e1\u017eek. Bou\u0159e p\u0159inesla tak\u00e9 n\u00e1razy v\u011btru p\u0159es 200\u00a0km\/h a\u00a0sn\u011b\u017een\u00ed ve vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch poloh\u00e1ch, kde napadlo p\u0159es p\u016fl metru sn\u011bhu. Nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 po\u010das\u00ed nav\u00edc nad\u00e1le pokra\u010duje.<\/p>\n

Zvln\u011bn\u00e9 tryskov\u00e9 proud\u011bn\u00ed tak v\u00a0posledn\u00edch dnech ne\u0161et\u0159\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u00fdch v\u00fdkyv\u016f po\u010das\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dnou oblast Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f. To je ovlivn\u011bno oslaben\u00fdm pol\u00e1rn\u00edm v\u00edrem i\u00a0dozn\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edm jevem La Ni\u00f1a, kter\u00e9 sehr\u00e1ly v\u00fdznamnou roli v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu leto\u0161n\u00ed zimy.<\/p>\n

Tryskov\u00e9 proud\u011bn\u00ed<\/p>\n

Tryskov\u00e9 proud\u011bn\u00ed (anglicky jet stream) je siln\u00fd, \u00fazk\u00fd p\u00e1s v\u011btru ve vysok\u00fdch vrstv\u00e1ch atmosf\u00e9ry, obvykle ve v\u00fd\u0161ce kolem 8\u201312\u00a0km. Vznik\u00e1 kv\u016fli rozd\u00edl\u016fm teplot mezi tepl\u00fdmi a\u00a0studen\u00fdmi oblastmi na Zemi, zejm\u00e9na mezi tropy a\u00a0p\u00f3ly. Tyto rozd\u00edly vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed tlakov\u00e9 gradienty, kter\u00e9 rozb\u00edhaj\u00ed vzduch do velmi rychl\u00e9ho proud\u011bn\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 300\u00a0km\/h.<\/p>\n

Tryskov\u00e9 proud\u011bn\u00ed m\u00e1 z\u00e1sadn\u00ed vliv na po\u010das\u00ed, proto\u017ee ovliv\u0148uje pohyb tlakov\u00fdch \u00fatvar\u016f. Kdy\u017e je proud\u011bn\u00ed siln\u00e9 a\u00a0relativn\u011b rovn\u00e9, po\u010das\u00ed b\u00fdv\u00e1 stabiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Naopak, pokud se vln\u00ed a\u00a0zpomaluje, m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobovat dlouhotrvaj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdkyvy po\u010das\u00ed, jako jsou vlny veder, sucha nebo naopak dlouh\u00e9 obdob\u00ed de\u0161\u0165\u016f. Tak\u00e9 ovliv\u0148uje, odkud k\u00a0n\u00e1m p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed vzduch (nap\u0159. studen\u00fd ze severu), a\u00a0t\u00edm p\u00e1dem i\u00a0teplotu a\u00a0charakter po\u010das\u00ed.<\/p>\n

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